Patient Care Questions 1-165 PDF

# Patient Care ## Questions **Directions:** Each of the numbered items or incomplete statements in this section is followed by answers or by completions of the statement. Select the one letter answer or completion that is best in each case. 1. X-ray verification of central venous catheter (CVC) p...

# Patient Care ## Questions **Directions:** Each of the numbered items or incomplete statements in this section is followed by answers or by completions of the statement. Select the one letter answer or completion that is best in each case. 1. X-ray verification of central venous catheter (CVC) placement should identify the catheter's distal tip at the * A. vena cava near the right atrium * B. vena cava near the left atrium * C. aorta near the right atrium * D. aorta near the left atrium 2. Pathogenic microorganisms that require contact precautions include 1. MRSA 2. *Clostridium difficile* (C. difficile) 3. hepatitis A * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 3. From the following, select the four circumstances that violate ARRT Rules of Ethics and can lead to ARRT professional sanction. 1. Soliciting/receiving examination information that uses language similar to that found on the certification examination 2. Providing incorrect/misleading information regarding one's ARRT credentials or qualifications 3. Assisting in billing practices that violate Federal or State laws 4. Inappropriate use of radiographic equipment 5. Failure to respect the patient's privacy 6. Providing false information regarding Continuing Education (CE) compliance * A. 1, 2, 3, and 4 * B. 1, 3, 5, and 6 * C. 1, 2, 3, and 6 * D. 2, 4, 5, and 6 4. Logrolling is a method of moving patients with suspected * A. head injury * B. spinal injury * C. bowel obstruction * D. extremity fracture 5. Fractures of two or more adjacent ribs is termed * A. *pectus carinatum* * B. *pectus excavatum* * C. flail chest * D. atelectasis 6. An iatrogenic infection is the one caused by * A. physician intervention * B. blood-borne pathogens * C. chemotherapy * D. infected droplets 7. A radiographer should recognize that gerontologic patients often have undergone physical changes that include loss of 1. muscle mass 2. bone calcium 3. mental alertness * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 1 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 8. Examples of unintentional misconduct include 1. battery 2. negligence 3. slander 4. malpractice 5. false imprisonment * A. 1, 3, and 4 * B. 2 and 4 * C. 2, 3, and 5 * D. 1, 4, and 5 9. X-ray verification of pacemaker leads placement should identify the catheter's tip at the * A. apex of the right ventricle * B. apex of the left ventricle * C. right or left pulmonary artery * D. superior or inferior vena cava 10. Examples of a portal of entry in the cycle of infection include 1. a break in the skin 2. nasal mucous membrane 3. urinary tract * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 11. Administration of a contrast agent for radiographic demonstration of the spinal canal and adjacent structures is performed using which of the following routes? * A. Subcutaneous * B. Intravenous * C. Intramuscular * D. Intrathecal 12. Possible side effects of an iodinated contrast medium that is administered intravenously include which of the following? 1. A warm, flushed feeling 2. Altered taste 3. Itching 4. Sneezing 5. Nausea 6. Rash and hives * A. 1, 5, and 6 * B. 1, 2, and 5 * C. 3, 4, and 5 * D. 2, 5, and 6 13. If the patient suffers as a result of the radiographer's actions, the radiographer can be charged with professional negligence. Many courts will apply *res ipsa loquitur*, "the thing speaks for itself." Select the three circumstances from the following that could subject the radiographer to an accusation of negligence. 1. Failure to explain the x-ray examination to the patient 2. Imaging the wrong patient 3. Cropping/ masking an electronic image to make it look collimated 4. Modification of exposure indicator (EI) values 5. Failure to address the patient in a professional manner * A. 1, 2, and 3 * B. 1, 4, and 5 * C. 2, 3, and 4 * D. 3, 5, and 6 14. Which of the following statements regarding tracheostomy patients is true? 1. Tracheostomy patients have difficulty in speaking 2. Mobile chest imaging requires any tracheostomy tube to be rotated out of view 3. Audible rattling sounds indicate a need for suction * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 1 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 15. A small container holding several doses of medication is termed * A. an *ampoule* * B. a *vial* * C. a *bolus* * D. a *carafe* 16. You have encountered a person who is apparently unconscious and unresponsive. There is no rise and fall of the chest, and you can hear no breath sounds. You should first * A. begin mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing, giving two full breaths * B. proceed with the Heimlich maneuver * C. begin with 30 external chest compressions at a rate of 100 compressions/min * D. begin with 5 external chest compressions at a rate of 50 compressions/min 17. Examples of biomedical waste include 1. laboratory and pathology waste 2. used bandages and dressings 3. chest tubes 4. bladder catheters * A. 1, 3, and 4 * B. 1, 2, and 3 * C. 2, 3, and 4 * D. 1, 2, 3, and 4 18. Types of inflammatory bowel disease include 1. Crohn's disease 2. ulcerative colitis 3. intussusception * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 19. Misunderstandings between cultures can happen as a result of 1. looking directly into someone's eyes 2. the use of certain gestures 3. standing too close while speaking to another * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 20. From Figure 1-1 select those that illustrate correct body mechanics. * A. 1 and 2 are correct * B. 1, 2, and 3 are correct * C. 2 and 3 are correct * D. 3 and 4 are correct 21. Some proteins in latex can produce mild-to-severe allergic reactions. Which of the following medical equipment could contain latex? 1. Stethoscopes 2. Enema tips 3. Bed linen 4. Disposable needles 5. Bedpans 6. Syringes * A. 1, 2, and 3 * B. 4, 5, and 6 * C. 2, 4, and 5 * D. 1, 2, and 6 22. Which two of the following precautions should be used when microbes are transmitted in air or dust particles? 1. Droplet precautions 2. Airborne precautions 3. Contact precautions 4. Vector precautions * A. 1 and 2 * B. 1 and 4 * C. 2 and 3 * D. 3 and 4 23. A large volume of medication introduced intravenously over a longer period of time is termed * A. an IV push * B. an *infusion* * C. a *bolus* * D. a *hypodermic* 24. Conditions requiring oxygen therapy include 1. COPD 2. pneumonia 3. sleep apnea * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 25. An inanimate object that has been in contact with an infectious microorganism is termed a * A. *vector* * B. *fomite* * C. *host* * D. *reservoir* 26. In which stage of infection do the infective microbes begin to multiply? * A. Latent period * B. Incubation period * C. Disease phase * D. Convalescent phase 27. A partially obstructed airway is clinically manifested in which of the following way(s)? 1. Dysphagia 2. Noisy, labored breathing 3. Nail bed and lip cyanosis * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 28. All of the following statements regarding hand hygiene and skin care are correct, except * A. hands should be cleansed before and after every patient examination * B. faucets should be opened and closed with paper towels * C. hands should be smooth and free from chapping * D. any cracks or abrasions should be left uncovered to facilitate healing 29. All of the following are correct concepts of good body mechanics during patient lifting/moving, except * A. the radiographer should stand with feet approximately 12 inches apart, with one foot slightly forward * B. the body's center of gravity should be positioned over its base of support * C. the back should be kept straight; avoid twisting * D. when carrying a heavy object, hold it away from the body 30. When a patient arrives in the radiology department with a urinary Foley catheter bag, it is important to * A. place the drainage bag above the level of the bladder * B. place the drainage bag at the same level as the bladder * C. place the drainage bag below the level of the bladder * D. clamp the Foley catheter 31. While assisting a patient onto an x-ray table, when the patient has one strong side and one weak side, the radiographer should * A. start with the weaker side closer to the table * B. start with the stronger side closer to the table * C. always use a two-person lift * D. lift the patient carefully onto the table 32. The radiographer can help to alleviate patient anxiety in which of the following ways? 1. Careful explanation of the procedure 2. Avoiding use of complex medical terms 3. Listening carefully to the patient * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 33. What does number 85 represent in the blood pressure reading 145/85 mm Hg? 1. The phase of relaxation of the cardiac muscle tissue 2. The phase of contraction of the cardiac muscle tissue 3. Higher than desirable diastolic pressure 4. Lower than normal diastolic pressure * A. 1 and 3 * B. 1 and 4 * C. 2 and 3 * D. 2 and 4 34. Facsimile transmission of health information is 1. not permitted 2. permitted for urgently needed patient care 3. permitted for third-party payer hospitalization certification * A. 1 only * B. 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 35. Forms of intentional misconduct include 1. slander 2. invasion of privacy 3. negligence * A. 1 only * B. 2 only * C. 1 and 2 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 36. Which of the following statements is correct with regard to assisting a patient from a wheelchair to an x-ray table? * A. The wheelchair should be parallel with the x-ray table. * B. The wheelchair Should be angled 45° to the x-ray table. * C. The wheelchair should directly face the x-ray table. * D. The wheelchair footrests should be folded down for foot support during transfer. 37. Blood flows into the left ventricle via the * A. tricuspid valve during atrial systole * B. tricuspid valve during ventricular systole * C. bicuspid valve during atrial systole * D. bicuspid valve during ventricular systole 38. You and a fellow radiographer have received an unconscious patient from a motor vehicle accident. As you perform the examination, it is important that you 1. refer to the patient by name 2. make only those statements that you would make with a conscious patient 3. reassure the patient about what you are doing * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 39. A *cathartic* is used to * A. inhibit coughing * B. promote elimination of urine * C. stimulate defecation * D. induce vomiting 40. The most effective method of sterilization is * A. *dry heat* * B. *moist heat* * C. pasteurization * D. freezing 41. Of the following, which is the most appropriate needle angle for an intravenous injection? * A. 90° * B. 75° * C. 45° * D. 15° 42. The belief that one's own cultural ways are superior to any other is termed * A. *ethnology* * B. *ethnobiology* * C. *ethnocentrism* * D. *ethnography* 43. Compliance with HIPAA standards requires which of the following? 1. Protected health care information is accessible to health care workers only 2. A copy of authorization for release of medical information is kept on file 3. Patient information computer files must be encrypted * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 44. Which of the following may be used to effectively reduce the viscosity of contrast media? * A. Warming * B. Refrigeration * C. Storage at normal room temperature * D. Storage in a cool, dry place 45. The type of shock often associated with pulmonary embolism or myocardial infarction is classified as * A. neurogenic * B. cardiogenic * C. hypovolemic * D. septic 46. Symptoms associated with a respiratory reaction to contrast media include 1. sneezing 2. hoarseness 3. wheezing * A. 1 and 2 only * B. 1 and 3 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D.1, 2, and 3 47. What type of precautions is used to prevent the spread of bronchial secretions during coughing? * A. Contact precautions * B. Airborne precautions * C. Protective isolation * D. Strict isolation 48. An MRI procedure is contraindicated for a patient who has * A. a herniated disk * B. cochlear implant * C. dental fillings * D. subdural bleeding 49. Blood pressure within vessels is highest during * A. ventricular diastole * B. ventricular systole * C. atrial diastole * D. atrial systole 50. Each of the following is an example of a fomite, except * A. a doorknob * B. a *tick* * C. a spoon * D. an x-ray table 51. Which of the following legal phrases defines a circumstance in which the actions of both the health care provider and the patient are responsible for an injurious outcome? * A. Intentional misconduct * B. Contributory negligence * C. Gross negligence * D. None of the above 52. What is the first treatment for extravasation of contrast media during an IV injection? * A. Apply a hot compress * B. Apply a cold compress * C. Remove needle and apply pressure to the vein until bleeding stops * D. Remove the needle and locate a sturdier vein immediately 53. Which of the following diastolic pressure readings indicates hypertension? * A. 40 mm Hg * B. 60 mm Hg * C. 70 mm Hg * D. 90 mm Hg 54. To reduce the back strain that can result from moving heavy objects, the radiographer should * A. hold the object away from his or her body when lifting * B. bend at the waist and pull * C. pull the object * D. push the object 55. All the following statements regarding oxygen delivery are true, except * A. oxygen is classified as a drug and must be prescribed by a physician * B. the rate of delivery and mode of delivery must be part of a physician order for oxygen * C. oxygen may be ordered continuously or as needed for the patient * D. none of the above; all these are true 56. Examples of various diverse cultural groups include which of the following? 1. Generational groups 2. Socioeconomic groups 3. Handicapped groups * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 57. Gas-producing powder or crystals usually are ingested preliminary to which of the following examinations? * A. Double-contrast barium enema (BE) * B. Double-contrast gastrointestinal (GI) series * C. Oral *cholecystogram* * D. IV *urogram* (IVU) 58. According to the CDC, all the following precaution guidelines are true, except * A. airborne precautions require that the patient wears a mask * B. masks are indicated when caring for patients on MRSA precautions * C. patients under MRSA precautions require a negative-pressure room * D. masks are indicated when caring for a patient on droplet precautions 59. Routes of drug administration include 1. sublingual 2. topical 3. parenteral * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 60. You are working in the outpatient department and receive a patient who is complaining of pain in the right hip joint; however, the requisition asks for a left femur examination. What should you do? * A. Perform a right hip examination * B. Perform a left femur examination * C. Perform both a right hip and a left femur examination * D. Check with the referring physician 61. If a radiographer performed a lumbar spine examination on a patient who was supposed to have an elbow examination, which of the following charges may be brought against the radiographer? * A. *Assault* * B. *Battery* * C. *False imprisonment* * D. *Defamation* 62. Which of the following diagnostic examinations require(s) restriction of a patient's diet? 1. Barium enema (BE) 2. Pyelogram 3. Metastatic survey * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 1 and 3 only * D. 2 and 3 only 63. Which of the following procedures must be performed by the radiographer before entering a contact isolation room with a mobile x-ray unit? 1. Put on gown and gloves only 2. Put on gown, gloves, mask, and cap 3. Clean the mobile x-ray unit * A. 1 only * B. 2 only * C. 1 and 3 only * D. 2 and 3 only 64. Examples of nasogastric (NG) tubes include 1. Swan-Ganz 2. Salem Sump 3. Levin * A. 1 and 2 only * B. 1 and 3 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 65. All of the following are central venous lines, except * A. a Port-A-Cath * B. a PICC * C. a Swan-Ganz * D. a Salem Sump 66. Another term used to describe nosocomial infections is * A. iatrogenic * B. health care-associated infections * C. droplet * D. airborne 67. The condition in which pulmonary alveoli lose their elasticity and become permanently inflated, causing the patient to consciously exhale, is * A. bronchial asthma * B. *bronchitis* * C. *emphysema* * D. TB 68. In pediatric imaging, a neonate is usually described as a/an * A. preschooler * B. toddler * C. *infant* * D. *newborn* 69. A radiologic technologist can be found guilty of a tort in which of the following situations? 1. Performing the wrong examination on a patient 2. Imaging the wrong patient 3. Using patient immobilization against his or her will * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 70. All of the following statements regarding informed consent are true, except * A. informed consent is required for research participation * B. the physician named on the consent form must perform the procedure * C. the consent form cannot be revoked, once signed * D. a parent or legal guardian is required to sign for a minor 71. Following pacemaker insertion, care must be taken to * A. keep the patient *flat* for 12 h * B. keep the patient *Trendelenburg* for 12 h * C. avoid elevating/abducting the patient's right arm for 24 h * D. avoid elevating/abducting the patient's left arm for 24 h 72. On reviewing a patient's blood chemistry, which of the following adult blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ranges is considered normal? * A. 0.6-1.5 mg/dL * B. 4.5-6 mg/dL * C. 7-20 mg/dL * D. Up to 50 mg/dL 73. Procedures requiring intravascular iodinated contrast agent for patients being treated with metformin for type 2 diabetes, with no indication of acute kidney disease (AKI) or severe chronic kidney disease, should receive which of the following instructions? 1. Do not discontinue metformin before or after receiving contrast 2. Renal function reassessment not required following the examination 3. Temporarily discontinue metformin at time of (or prior to) the procedure * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 74. All the following are forms of mechanical obstruction seen in neonates or infants, except * A. paralytic ileus * B. *meconium ileus* * C. *volvulus* * D. intussusception 75. The pain experienced by an individual whose coronary arteries are not conveying sufficient blood to the heart is called * A. *tachycardia* * B. *bradycardia* * C. *angina pectoris* * D. *syncope* 76. Which of the following conditions must be met in order for a patient consent to be valid? 1. The patient must sign the consent form before receiving sedation 2. The physician named on the consent form must perform the procedure 3. Blank spaces on the form must be completed by the physician after patient signature * A. 1 and 2 only * B. 1 and 3 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 77. The advantages of using nonionic, water-soluble contrast media include 1. cost-containment benefits 2. low toxicity 3. fewer adverse reactions * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 78. A vasovagal response experienced after injection of a contrast agent is characterized by all of the following symptoms, except * A. nausea * B. *syncope* * C. *hypertension* * D. *anxiety* 79. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding a two-member team performing mobile radiography on a patient with MRSA precautions? 1. One radiographer remains "clean," that is, he or she has no physical contact with the patient 2. The radiographer who positions the mobile unit also makes the exposure 3. The radiographer who positions the IP also retrieves the IP and removes it from its plastic protective cover * A. 1 and 2 only * B. 1 and 3 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 80. Which of the following must be included in a patient's medical record or chart? 1. Diagnostic and therapeutic orders 2. Medical history 3. Informed consent * A. 1 and 2 only * B. 1 and 3 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 81. While in your care for a radiologic procedure, a patient asks to see his medical record/chart. Which of the following is the appropriate response? * A. Inform the patient that the records are for health care providers to view, not for the patient. * B. Inform the patient that you do not know how to access his records. * C. Inform the patient that he has the right to see his records but he should request to view them with his physician so that they are interpreted properly. * D. Show the patient his records and leave him alone for a few minutes to review them. 82. In which of the following conditions is a double-contrast BE essential for demonstration of the condition? 1. Polyps 2. Colitis 3. Diverticulosis * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 1 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 83. Pathologic microorganisms spread by direct or close contact include 1. MRSA 2. conjunctivitis 3. rotavirus * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 84. You receive an ambulatory patient for a GI series. As the patient is being seated on the x-ray table, he tells you he feels faint. You should 1. lay the patient down on the x-ray table 2. elevate the patient's legs or place the table slightly Trendelenburg 3. leave quickly and call for help * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 1 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 85. The medical term for hives is * A. *vertigo* * B. *epistaxis* * C. *urticaria* * D. *aura* 86. Blood pressure is measured in units of * A. millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) * B. beats per minute * C. degrees Fahrenheit (°F) * D. liters per minute (L/min) 87. Which ethical principle is related to sincerity and truthfulness? * A. Beneficence * B. Autonomy * C. *Veracity* * D. Fidelity 88. The medical term for congenital clubfoot is * A. *coxa plana* * B. *osteochondritis* * C. *talipes* * D. *muscular dystrophy* 89. In what order should the following examinations be performed? 1. Upper GI series 2. IVU 3. BE * A. 3, 1, 2 * B. 1, 3, 2 * C. 2, 1, 3 * D. 2, 3, 1 90. Patients are questioned regarding presence of any aneurysm clips, pacemakers, artificial heart valves, or shrapnel during screening for * A. sonography * B. CT * C. MRI * D. *fluoroscopy* 91. The condition that allows blood to shunt between the right and left ventricles is called * A. *patent ductus arteriosus* * B. *coarctation of the aorta* * C. *atrial septal defect* * D. *ventricular septal defect* 92. A patient experiencing an episode of syncope should be placed in which of the following positions? * A. Dorsal recumbent with head elevated * B. Dorsal recumbent with feet elevated * C. Lateral recumbent * D. Seated with feet supported 93. The cycle of infection includes which of the following components? 1. Reservoir of infection 2. Susceptible host 3. Mode of transmission * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 94. The act of inspiration will cause elevation of the 1. sternum 2. ribs 3. diaphragm * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 95. What venous device can be used for a patient requiring IV injections at frequent or regular intervals? * A. *Butterfly needle* * B. *Intermittent injection port* * C. IV infusion * D. Hypodermic *needle* 96. Guidelines for cleaning contaminated objects or surfaces include which of the following? 1. Clean from the least contaminated to the most contaminated areas 2. Clean in a circular motion, starting from the center and working outward 3. Clean from the top down * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 1 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 97. While performing mobile radiography on a patient, you note that the requisition is for a chest image to check placement of a Swan-Ganz catheter. A Swan-Ganz catheter is a/an * A. pacemaker * B. chest tube * C. IV catheter * D. urinary catheter 98. A patient who is warm, flushed, or feverish is said to be * A. *diaphoretic* * B. *febrile* * C. cyanotic * D. *anxious* 99. The mechanical device used to correct an ineffectual cardiac rhythm is a * A. *defibrillator* * B. cardiac monitor * C. crash cart * D. resuscitation bag 100. When caring for a patient with an IV line, the radiographer should keep the medication * A. 18-24 inches above the level of the vein * B. 18-24 inches below the level of the vein * C. 28-30 inches above the level of the vein * D. 28-30 inches below the level of the vein 101. Diseases that require droplet precautions include 1. rubella 2. mumps 3. influenza * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 102. A protective environment or neutropenic precautions (sometimes called expanded precautions) as indicated is required in which of the following conditions? 1. TB 2. Burns 3. Leukemia * A. 1 only * B. 1 and 2 only * C. 2 and 3 only * D. 1, 2, and 3 103. When a GI series has been requested on a patient with a suspected perforated ulcer, the type of contrast medium that should be used is * A. a thin barium sulfate suspension * B. a thick barium sulfate suspension * C. water-soluble iodinated media * D. oil-based iod