Zambia Civil Aviation Requirements Part 8 - Operations PDF, August 2015
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2015
Gabriel Lesa
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This document details the Zambian Civil Aviation Requirements for aircraft operations, Part 8. It outlines general regulations based on ICAO Annexes 2 and 6, and applies to Zambian and foreign aircraft operating within and outside Zambia. The document covers aircraft requirements, maintenance, and inspections.
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CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION REQUIREMENTS CAA/ORG-ZCARs CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 1 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 ZAMBIA CIVIL AV...
CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION REQUIREMENTS CAA/ORG-ZCARs CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 1 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION REQUIREMENTS PART 8- OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 2 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 FOREWORD Part 8 of these Regulations presents regulatory requirements for the operation of aircraft in Zambia, based upon the requirements of ICAO Annexes 2 and 6. Part 8 prescribes the requirements for operations conducted by airmen certificated in Zambia while operating aircraft registered in Zambia, as well as operations of foreign registered aircraft by Zambian AOC holders, and operations of aircraft within Zambia by airmen or AOC holders of a foreign State. Part 8 applies to operations outside of Zambia by all Zambian pilots and operators unless compliance would result in a violation of the laws of the foreign State in which the operation is conducted. The regulations apply to all aircraft, except where superseded by the more stringent requirements put upon entities engaged on commercial air transport and upon AOC holders. APPROVED BY: ------------------------------------ Gabriel Lesa Director General Civil Aviation Authority CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 3 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES Page Rev. Issue Page Rev. Issue Page Rev. Issue No. No. Date No. No. Date No. No. Date 1. 0 AUG2015 23. 0 AUG2015 45. 0 AUG2015 2. 0 AUG2015 24. 0 AUG2015 46. 0 AUG2015 3. 0 AUG2015 25. 0 AUG2015 47. 0 AUG2015 4. 0 AUG2015 26. 0 AUG2015 48. 0 AUG2015 5. 0 AUG2015 27. 0 AUG2015 49. 0 AUG2015 6. 0 AUG2015 28. 0 AUG2015 50. 0 AUG2015 7. 0 AUG2015 29. 0 AUG2015 51. 0 AUG2015 8. 0 AUG2015 30. 0 AUG2015 52. 0 AUG2015 9. 0 AUG2015 31. 0 AUG2015 53. 0 AUG2015 10. 0 AUG2015 32. 0 AUG2015 54. 0 AUG2015 11. 0 AUG2015 33. 0 AUG2015 55. 0 AUG2015 12. 0 AUG2015 34. 0 AUG2015 56. 0 AUG2015 13. 0 AUG2015 35. 0 AUG2015 57. 0 AUG2015 14. 0 AUG2015 36. 0 AUG2015 58. 0 AUG2015 15. 0 AUG2015 37. 0 AUG2015 59. 0 AUG2015 16. 0 AUG2015 38. 0 AUG2015 60. 0 AUG2015 17. 0 AUG2015 39. 0 AUG2015 61. 0 AUG2015 18. 0 AUG2015 40. 0 AUG2015 62. 0 AUG2015 19. 0 AUG2015 41. 0 AUG2015 63. 0 AUG2015 20. 0 AUG2015 42. 0 AUG2015 64. 0 AUG2015 21. 0 AUG2015 43. 0 AUG2015 65. 0 AUG2015 22. 0 AUG2015 44. 0 AUG2015 66. 0 AUG2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 4 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 Page Rev. 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DEFINITIONS................................................................................................ 22 8.1.1.3 ABBREVIATIONS......................................................................................... 27 8.2 GENERAL OPERATIONS REQUIREMENTS....................................................... 28 8.2.1 AIRCRAFT REQUIREMENTS......................................................................... 29 8.2.1.1 REGISTRATION AND MARKING.............................................................. 29 8.2.1.2 CIVIL AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS........................................................ 29 8.2.1.3 SPECIAL AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE OPERATIONAL RESTRICTIONS............................................................................................. 29 8.2.1.4 AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT....................................... 29 8.2.1.5 INOPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT................................ 29 8.2.1.6 CIVIL AIRCRAFT FLIGHT MANUAL, MARKING AND PLACARD REQUIREMENTS.......................................................................................... 30 8.2.1.7 REQUIRED AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT INSPECTIONS.................... 31 8.2.1.8 DOCUMENTS TO BE CARRIED ON AIRCRAFT—ALL OPERATIONS 31 8.3 AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS.............. 33 8.3.1.1 APPLICABILITY........................................................................................... 33 8.3.1.2 GENERAL....................................................................................................... 33 8.3.1.3 ANNUAL INSPECTIONS.............................................................................. 34 8.3.1.4 ANNUAL/100 HOUR INSPECTIONS.......................................................... 35 8.3.1.5 PROGRESSIVE INSPECTIONS.................................................................... 35 8.3.1.6 CONTINUOUS AIRWORTHINESS MAINTENANCE INSPECTION....... 37 8.3.1.7 CHANGES TO AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE INSPECTION PROGRAMMES............................................................................................. 37 8.3.1.8 REQUIRED MAINTENANCE....................................................................... 37 8.3.1.9 MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION RECORDS RETENTION............... 38 8.3.1.10 LEASE OR SALE OF AIRCRAFT—TRANSFER OF MAINTENANCE RECORDS....................................................................................................... 39 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 9 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.4 FLIGHTCREW REQUIREMENTS.......................................................................... 39 8.4.1.1 COMPOSITION OF THE FLIGHTCREW.................................................... 39 8.4.1.2 FLIGHTCREW QUALIFICATIONS............................................................. 40 8.4.1.3 AUTHORISATION IN LIEU OF A TYPE RATING.................................... 40 8.4.1.4 LICENCES REQUIRED................................................................................. 41 8.4.1.5 FLIGHTCREW—LIMITATIONS ON USE OF SERVICES FOR COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.............................................................. 41 8.4.1.6 RATING REQUIRED FOR IFR OPERATIONS........................................... 41 8.4.1.7 SPECIAL AUTHORISATION REQUIRED FOR CATEGORY II/III OPERATIONS................................................................................................ 42 8.4.1.8 PILOT LOGBOOKS....................................................................................... 42 8.4.1.9 PILOT CURRENCY—TAKEOFF AND LANDINGS, AND CRUISE RELIEF............................................................................................................ 42 8.4.1.10 PILOT CURRENCY: IFR OPERATIONS..................................................... 43 8.4.1.11 PILOT CURRENCY—GENERAL AVIATION OPERATIONS.................. 43 8.4.1.12 PILOT PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS.................................................. 44 8.5 CREWMEMBER DUTIES AND REPONSIBILITIES........................................... 44 8.5.1.1 AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PIC................................. 44 8.5.1.2 COMPLIANCE WITH LOCAL REGULATIONS........................................ 44 8.5.1.3 NEGLIGENT OR RECKLESS OPERATIONS OF THE AIRCRAFT......... 45 8.5.1.4 FITNESS OF FLIGHT CREWMEMBERS.................................................... 45 8.5.1.5 PROHIBITION ON USE OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES, INCLUDING NARCOTICS, DRUGS OR ALCOHOL................................. 45 8.5.1.6 FLIGHT CREWMEMBER USE OF SEAT BELTS AND SHOULDER HARNESSES.................................................................................................. 46 8.5.1.7 FLIGHT CREWMEMBERS AT DUTY STATIONS.................................... 46 8.5.1.8 REQUIRED CREWMEMBER EQUIPMENT............................................... 47 8.5.1.9 COMPLIANCE WITH CHECKLISTS........................................................... 47 8.5.1.10 SEARCH AND RESCUE INFORMATION.................................................. 47 8.5.1.11 PRODUCTION OF AIRCRAFT AND FLIGHT DOCUMENTATION....... 47 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 10 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.5.1.12 LOCKING OF FLIGHT DECK COMPARTMENT DOOR: COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.......................................................................................... 47 8.5.1.13 ADMISSION TO THE FLIGHT DECK—COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.................................................................................................. 48 8.5.1.14 ADMISSION OF INSPECTOR TO THE FLIGHT DECK............................ 48 8.5.1.15 DUTIES DURING CRITICAL PHASES OF FLIGHT: COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.................................................................................................. 48 8.5.1.16 MANIPULATION OF THE CONTROLS—COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.................................................................................................. 49 8.5.1.17 SIMULATED ABNORMAL SITUATIONS IN FLIGHT: COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.......................................................................................... 49 8.5.1.18 COMPLETION OF THE TECHNICAL LOG—COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT AND AERIAL WORK........................................................... 49 8.5.1.19 REPORTING MECHANICAL IRREGULARITIES..................................... 49 8.5.1.20 REPORTING OF FACILITY AND NAVIGATION AID INADEQUACIES50 8.5.1.21 REPORTING OF HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS.......................................... 50 8.5.1.22 REPORTING OF INCIDENTS....................................................................... 50 8.5.1.23 ACCIDENT NOTIFICATION........................................................................ 50 8.5.1.24 OPERATION OF COCKPIT VOICE AND FLIGHT DATA RECORDERS 51 8.5.1.25 CREWMEMBER OXYGEN—MINIMUM SUPPLY AND USE................. 51 8.5.1.26 PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES......................................................... 52 8.5.1.27 CARRIAGE OF DANGEROUS GOODS...................................................... 52 8.5.1.28 MICROPHONES............................................................................................. 52 8.6 FLIGHT PLANNING AND SUPERVISION............................................................ 53 8.6.1.1 SUBMISSION OF A FLIGHT PLAN............................................................ 53 8.6.1.2 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL FLIGHT PLAN—COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.................................................................................................. 53 8.6.1.3 CONTENTS OF A FLIGHT PLAN................................................................ 54 8.6.1.4 PLANNED RECLEARANCE........................................................................ 54 8.6.1.5 CHANGES TO A FLIGHT PLAN................................................................. 54 8.6.1.6 CLOSING A FLIGHT PLAN......................................................................... 55 8.6.2 FLIGHT PLANNING AND PREPARATION................................................... 55 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 11 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.6.2.1 AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS.................................................................... 55 8.6.2.2 ADEQUACY OF OPERATING FACILITIES............................................... 56 8.6.2.3 WEATHER REPORTS AND FORECASTS.................................................. 56 8.6.2.4 WEATHER LIMITATIONS FOR VFR FLIGHTS........................................ 56 8.6.2.5 IFR DESTINATION AERODROMES........................................................... 57 8.6.2.6 IFR DESTINATION ALTERNATE REQUIREMENT................................. 57 8.6.2.7 IFR ALTERNATE AERODROME SELECTION CRITERIA...................... 58 8.6.2.8 OFFSHORE ALTERNATES FOR HELICOPTER OPERATIONS.............. 58 8.6.2.9 TAKEOFF ALTERNATE AERODROMES—COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT OPERATIONS........................................................................ 59 8.6.2.10 MAXIMUM DISTANCE FROM AN ADEQUATE AERODROME FOR TWIN-ENGINED AEROPLANES WITHOUT AN ETOPS APPROVAL... 59 8.6.2.11 EXTENDED RANGE OPERATIONS WITH TWIN-ENGINED AEROPLANES............................................................................................... 61 8.6.2.12 EN ROUTE ALTERNATE AERODROMES—ETOPS OPERATIONS...... 61 8.6.2.13 FUEL, OIL, AND OXYGEN PLANNING AND CONTINGENCY FACTORS....................................................................................................... 63 8.6.2.14 MINIMUM FUEL SUPPLY FOR VFR FLIGHTS........................................ 64 8.6.2.15 MINIMUM FUEL SUPPLY FOR IFR FLIGHTS.......................................... 64 8.6.2.16 FLIGHT PLANNING DOCUMENT DISTRIBUTION AND RETENTION— COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.............................................................. 65 8.6.2.17 AIRCRAFT LOADING, MASS AND BALANCE........................................ 66 8.6.2.18 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE MASS TO BE CONSIDERED ON ALL LOAD MANIFESTS................................................................................................... 66 8.6.2.19 FLIGHT RELEASE REQUIRED—COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.... 66 8.6.2.20 OPERATIONAL FLIGHT PLAN—COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT... 66 8.7 AIRCRAFT OPERATING AND PERFORMANCE LIMITATIONS................... 67 8.7.1 ALL AIRCRAFT.................................................................................................. 67 8.7.1.1 APPLICABILITY........................................................................................... 67 8.7.1.2 GENERAL....................................................................................................... 67 8.7.1.3 AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE CALCULATIONS....................................... 68 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 12 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.7.1.4 GENERAL MASS AND OBSTRUCTION CLEARANCE LIMITATIONS 68 8.7.2 AIRCRAFT USED IN COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.......................... 68 8.7.2.1 APPLICABILITY........................................................................................... 69 8.7.2.2 GENERAL....................................................................................................... 69 8.7.2.3 SINGLE AND MULTI-ENGINE AEROPLANE OPERATIONS................. 70 8.7.2.4 AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE CALCULATIONS....................................... 72 8.7.2.5 TAKEOFF LIMITATIONS............................................................................ 73 8.7.2.6 EN ROUTE LIMITATIONS- AEROPLANE—ALL ENGINES OPERATING......................................................................................................................... 74 8.7.2.7 EN ROUTE LIMITATIONS—ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE................... 74 8.7.2.8 EN ROUTE LIMITATIONS—TWO ENGINES INOPERATIVE................ 75 8.7.2.9 LANDING LIMITATIONS........................................................................... 76 8.7.2.10 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 3 HELICOPTERS OPERATING IN IMC..................................................................................... 78 8.8 FLIGHT RULES.......................................................................................................... 78 8.8.1 ALL OPERATIONS............................................................................................. 78 8.8.1.1 OPERATION OF AIRCRAFT ON THE GROUND...................................... 78 8.8.1.2 TAKEOFF CONDITIONS.............................................................................. 79 8.8.1.3 FLIGHT INTO KNOWN OR EXPECTED ICING........................................ 79 8.8.1.4 ALTIMETER SETTINGS............................................................................... 79 8.8.1.5 MINIMUM SAFE ALTITUDES—GENERAL.............................................. 80 8.8.1.6 MINIMUM SAFE VFR ALTITUDES............................................................ 80 8.8.1.7 INSTRUMENT APPROACH OPERATING MINIMA................................. 81 8.8.1.8 CATEGORY II AND III OPERATIONS—GENERAL OPERATING RULES......................................................................................................................... 81 8.8.1.9 CATEGORY II AND CATEGORY III MANUAL........................................ 82 8.8.1.10 EXEMPTION FROM CERTAIN CATEGORY II OPERATIONS............... 83 8.8.1.11 DIVERSION DECISION—ENGINE INOPERATIVE.................................. 83 8.8.1.12 OPERATING NEAR OTHER AIRCRAFT—INCLUDING FORMATION FLIGHTS......................................................................................................... 83 8.8.1.13 RIGHT-OF-WAY RULES—EXCEPT WATER OPERATIONS.................. 84 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 13 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.8.1.14 RIGHT-OF-WAY RULES—WATER OPERATIONS.................................. 86 8.8.1.15 USE OF AIRCRAFT LIGHTS........................................................................ 86 8.8.1.16 SIMULATED INSTRUMENT FLIGHT........................................................ 87 8.8.1.17 INFLIGHT SIMULATION OF ABNORMAL SITUATIONS...................... 87 8.8.1.18 DROPPING, SPRAYING, TOWING............................................................. 87 8.8.1.19 AEROBATIC FLIGHT................................................................................... 88 8.8.1.20 FLIGHT TEST AREAS.................................................................................. 88 8.8.1.21 PROHIBITED AREAS AND RESTRICTED AREAS.................................. 88 8.8.1.22 OPERATIONS IN MNPS OR RVSM AIRSPACE........................................ 88 8.8.1.23 OPERATIONS ON OR IN THE VICINITY OF A CONTROLLED OR AN UNCONTROLLED AERODROME............................................................... 89 8.8.1.24 AERODROME TRAFFIC PATTERN ALTITUDES—TURBOJET, TURBOFAN, OR LARGE AIRCRAFT......................................................... 89 8.8.1.25 COMPLIANCE WITH VISUAL AND ELECTRONIC GLIDE SLOPES.... 90 8.8.1.26 RESTRICTION OR SUSPENSION OF OPERATIONS: COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.......................................................................................... 90 8.8.1.27 CONTINUATION OF FLIGHT WHEN DESTINATION AERODROME IS TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED—COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT.... 90 8.8.1.28 INTERCEPTION............................................................................................. 90 8.8.1.29 NOISE ABATEMENT PROCEDURES......................................................... 90 8.8.1.30 SINGLE PILOT OPERATIONS..................................................................... 91 8.8.1.31 SINGLE ENGINE AEROPLANE OPERATIONS........................................ 91 8.8.1.32 AEROPLANE OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR RATES OF CLIMB AND DESCENT....................................................................................................... 92 8.8.2 CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC........................................................................... 92 8.8.2.1 ATC CLEARANCES...................................................................................... 92 8.8.2.2 ADHERENCE TO ATC CLEARANCES...................................................... 92 8.8.2.3 COMMUNICATIONS.................................................................................... 93 8.8.2.4 ROUTE TO BE FLOWN................................................................................ 93 8.8.2.5 INADVERTENT CHANGES......................................................................... 94 8.8.2.6 ATC CLEARANCE—INTENDED CHANGES............................................ 94 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 14 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.8.2.7 POSITION REPORTS.................................................................................... 95 8.8.2.8 OPERATIONS ON OR IN THE VICINITY OF A CONTROLLED AERODROME................................................................................................ 95 8.8.2.9 UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE.................................................................... 96 8.8.2.10 TIME CHECKS............................................................................................... 96 8.8.2.11 UNIVERSAL SIGNALS................................................................................. 96 8.8.3 VFR FLIGHT RULES......................................................................................... 97 8.8.3.1 VISUAL METEOROGICAL CONDITIONS................................................. 97 8.8.3.2 VFR WEATHER MINIMUMS FOR TAKEOFF AND LANDING.............. 97 8.8.3.3 SPECIAL VFR OPERATIONS...................................................................... 98 8.8.3.4 VFR CRUISING ALTITUDES....................................................................... 98 8.8.3.5 ATC CLEARANCES FOR VFR FLIGHTS................................................... 98 8.8.3.6 VFR FLIGHTS REQUIRING ATC AUTHORISATION.............................. 99 8.8.3.7 WEATHER DETERIORATION BELOW VMC........................................... 99 8.8.3.8 CHANGING FROM VFR TO IFR................................................................. 99 8.8.3.9 TWO-WAY RADIO COMMUNICATION FAILURE IN VFR.................... 99 8.8.4 IFR RULES......................................................................................................... 100 8.8.4.1 APPLICABILITY......................................................................................... 100 8.8.4.2 IFR IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE............................................................ 100 8.8.4.3 IFR FLIGHTS OUTSIDE CONTROLLED AIRSPACE............................. 100 8.8.4.4 IFR TAKEOFF MINIMUMS FOR COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT... 100 8.8.4.5 MINIMUM ALTITUDES FOR IFR OPERATIONS................................... 101 8.8.4.6 MINIMUM ALTITUDES FOR USE OF AN AUTOPILOT....................... 101 8.8.4.7 IFR CRUISING ALTITUDE OR FLIGHT LEVEL IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.................................................................................................... 102 8.8.4.8 IFR CRUISING ALTITUDE OR FLIGHT LEVEL IN UNCONTROLLED AIRSPACE.................................................................................................... 102 8.8.4.9 IFR RADIO COMMUNICATIONS............................................................. 102 8.8.4.10 OPERATION UNDER IFR IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE— MALFUNCTION REPORTS........................................................................ 103 8.8.4.11 CONTINUATION OF IFR FLIGHT TOWARD A DESTINATION.......... 103 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 15 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.8.4.12 INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURES AND IFR LANDING MINIMUMS.................................................................................................. 103 8.8.4.13 COMMENCING AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH—COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT................................................................................................ 104 8.8.4.14 INSTRUMENT APPROACHES TO CIVIL AERODROMES.................... 104 8.8.4.15 OPERATION BELOW DH OR MDA.......................................................... 105 8.8.4.16 LANDING DURING INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS....................................................................................................................... 106 8.8.4.17 EXECUTION OF A MISSED APPROACH PROCEDURE........................ 106 8.8.4.18 CHANGE FROM IFR FLIGHT TO VFR FLIGHT..................................... 106 8.8.4.19 TWO-WAY RADIO COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE IN IFR................. 106 8.8.4.20 THRESHOLD CROSSING HEIGHT FOR PRECISION APPROACHES. 107 8.9 PASSENGERS AND PASENGER HANDLING.................................................... 108 8.9.1 ALL PASSENGER CARRYING OPERATIONS........................................... 108 8.9.1.1 UNACCEPTABLE CONDUCT................................................................... 108 8.9.1.2 REFUELLING WITH PASSENGERS ONBOARD.................................... 108 8.9.1.3 PASSENGER SEATS, SAFETY BELTS, AND SHOULDER HARNESSES......................................................................................................................... 109 8.9.1.4 PASSENGER BRIEFING............................................................................. 109 8.9.1.5 INFLIGHT EMERGENCY INSTRUCTION............................................... 110 8.9.1.6 PASSENGER OXYGEN—MINIMUM SUPPLY AND USE..................... 110 8.9.1.7 ALCOHOL OR DRUGS............................................................................... 110 8.9.2 COMMERCIAL AIR TRANPORT PASSENGER CARRYING OPERATIONS....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 110 8.9.2.1 PASSENGER COMPLIANCE WITH INSTRUCTIONS............................ 110 8.9.2.2 DENIAL OF TRANSPORTATION............................................................. 111 8.9.2.3 CARRIAGE OF PERSONS WITHOUT COMPLIANCE WITH THESE PASSENGER-CARRYING REQUIREMENTS.......................................... 111 8.9.2.4 CABIN CREW AT DUTY STATIONS....................................................... 111 8.9.2.5 EVACUATION CAPABILITY.................................................................... 112 8.9.2.6 ARMING OF AUTOMATIC EMERGENCY EXITS.................................. 112 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 16 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.9.2.7 ACCESSIBILITY OF EMERGENCY EXITS AND EQUIPMENT............ 112 8.9.2.8 STOPS WHERE PASSENGERS REMAIN ONBOARD............................ 112 8.9.2.9 PASSENGER LOADING AND UNLOADING - AOC............................... 113 8.9.2.10 CARRIAGE OF PERSONS WITH REDUCED MOBILITY...................... 113 8.9.2.11 EXIT ROW SEATING.................................................................................. 113 8.9.2.12 PROHIBITION AGAINST CARRIAGE OF WEAPONS........................... 115 8.9.2.13 OXYGEN FOR MEDICAL USE BY PASSENGERS................................. 116 8.9.2.14 CARRY-ON BAGGAGE.............................................................................. 116 8.9.2.15 CARRIAGE OF CARGO IN PASSENGER COMPARTMENTS............... 117 8.9.2.16 PASSENGER INFORMATION SIGNS....................................................... 119 8.9.2.17 REQUIRED PASSENGER BRIEFINGS..................................................... 119 8.9.2.18 PASSENGER BRIEFING—EXTENDED OVERWATER OPERATIONS 119 8.9.2.19 PASSENGER SEAT BELTS........................................................................ 119 8.9.2.20 PASSENGER SEAT BACKS....................................................................... 120 8.9.2.21 STOWAGE OF FOOD, BEVERAGE AND PASSENGER SERVICE....... 120 8.9.2.22 SECURING OF ITEMS OF MASS IN PASSENGER COMPARTMENT. 120 8.9.2.23 GROUND HANDLING................................................................................ 121 8.10 CREWMEMBER AND FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICER QUALIFICATIONS: COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT................................................................................. 121 8.10.1.1 LIMITATION OF PRIVILEGES OF PILOTS WHO HAVE ATTAINED THEIR 60TH BIRTHDAY AND CURTAILMENT OF PRIVILEGES OF PILOTS WHO HAVE ATTAINED THEIR 65TH BIRTHDAY................. 121 8.10.1.2 USE OF FLIGHT SIMULATION TRAINING DEVICES.......................... 121 8.10.1.3 APPROVAL OF A FLIGHT SIMULATION TRAINING DEVICE FOR CREDIT IN TRAINING AND CHECKING................................................ 122 8.10.1.4 LICENCE REQUIREMENTS FOR PIC...................................................... 122 8.10.1.5 LICENCE REQUIREMENTS FOR CO-PILOT AND CRUISE RELIEF PILOT............................................................................................................ 123 8.10.1.6 FLIGHT ENGINEER LICENCE REQUIREMENTS.................................. 123 8.10.1.7 ONE PILOT QUALIFIED TO PERFORM FLIGHT ENGINEER FUNCTIONS................................................................................................. 123 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 17 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.10.1.8 PERSONS QUALIFIED TO FLIGHT RELEASE....................................... 123 8.10.1.9 COMPANY PROCEDURES INDOCTRINATION..................................... 123 8.10.1.10 INITIAL DANGEROUS GOODS TRAINING.......................................... 124 8.10.1.11 INITIAL SECURITY TRAINING.............................................................. 124 8.10.1.12 INITIAL CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENT....................................... 124 8.10.1.13 INITIAL EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT DRILLS...................................... 124 8.10.1.14 INITIAL AIRCRAFT GROUND TRAINING............................................ 125 8.10.1.15 INITIAL AIRCRAFT FLIGHT TRAINING............................................... 125 8.10.1.16 INITIAL SPECIALISED OPERATIONS TRAINING............................... 126 8.10.1.17 AIRCRAFT DIFFERENCES....................................................................... 126 8.10.1.18 RESERVED................................................................................................. 126 8.10.1.19 INTRODUCTION OF NEW EQUIPMENT OR PROCEDURES.............. 126 8.10.1.20 AIRCRAFT AND INSTRUMENT PROFICIENCY CHECKS.................. 127 8.10.1.21 RE-ESTABLISHING RECENCY OF EXPERIENCE—FLIGHTCREW.. 127 8.10.1.22 PAIRING OF LOW EXPERIENCE CREWMEMBERS............................ 128 8.10.1.23 FLIGHT ENGINEER AND FLIGHT NAVIGATOR PROFICIENCY CHECKS...................................................................................................... 128 8.10.1.24 COMPETENCE CHECKS—CABIN CREWMEMBERS.......................... 128 8.10.1.25 COMPETENCE CHECKS—FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICERS........... 128 8.10.1.26 SUPERVISED LINE FLYING—PILOTS.................................................. 129 8.10.1.27 SUPERVISED LINE FLYING—FLIGHT ENGINEERS.......................... 129 8.10.1.28 SUPERVISED LINE EXPERIENCE—CABIN CREWMEMBERS......... 129 8.10.1.29 LINE OBSERVATIONS—FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICERS............. 130 8.10.1.30 ROUTE AND AREA CHECKS—PILOT QUALIFICATION................... 130 8.10.1.31 PIC LOW MINIMUMS AUTHORISATION............................................. 131 8.10.1.32 DESIGNATED SPECIAL AERODROMES AND HELIPORTS—PIC QUALIFICATION....................................................................................... 131 8.10.1.33 RECURRENT TRAINING—FLIGHT CREWMEMBERS....................... 131 8.10.1.34 RECURRENT TRAINING AND RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS—CABIN CREWMEMBERS.................................... 132 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 18 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.10.1.35 RECURRENT TRAINING AND RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS—FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICERS..................... 133 8.10.1.36 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR QUALIFICATIONS........................................... 133 8.10.1.37 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR TRAINING......................................................... 134 8.10.1.38 CHECK AIRMAN DESIGNATION........................................................... 134 8.10.1.39 CHECK AIRMAN QUALIFICATIONS..................................................... 134 8.10.1.40 CHECK AIRMAN TRAINING................................................................... 135 8.10.1.41 SINGLE – PILOT OPERATIONS UNDER IFR OR AT NIGHT.............. 135 8.10.1.42 RESERVED................................................................................................. 136 8.10.1.43 MONITORING OF TRAINING AND CHECKING ACTIVITIES........... 137 8.10.1.44 TERMINATION OF A PROFICIENCY, COMPETENCE OR LINE CHECK...................................................................................................................... 137 8.10.1.45 RECORDING OF CREWMEMBER QUALIFICATIONS........................ 137 8.10.1.46 RESERVED................................................................................................. 137 8.10.1.47 ELIGIBILITY PERIOD............................................................................... 137 8.10.1.48 REDUCTIONS IN REQUIREMENTS....................................................... 138 8.10.1.49 RECORDS OF COSMIC RADIATION...................................................... 138 8.11 FATIGUE MANAGEMENT.................................................................................... 139 8.11.1.1 APPLICABILITY......................................................................................... 139 8.11.1.2 MANAGING FATIGUE-RELATED SAFETY RISKS............................... 139 8.12 FLIGHT TIME, FLIGHT DUTY PERIODS, DUTY PERIODS, AND REST PERIODS FOR FATIGUE MANAGEMENT................................................................... 140 8.12.1.1 APPLICABILITY......................................................................................... 140 8.12.1.2 DUTY AND REST PERIODS...................................................................... 140 8.12.1.3 DUTY ALOFT.............................................................................................. 142 8.12.1.4 MAXIMUM NUMBER OF FLIGHT TIME HOURS.................................. 142 8.12.1.5 COMPLIANCE WITH SCHEDULING REQUIREMENTS....................... 143 8.12.1.6 SPECIAL FLIGHT DUTY SCHEMES........................................................ 143 8.12.1.7 FLIGHT TIME, DUTY AND REST PERIOD RECORDS.......................... 143 8.13 FLIGHT RELEASE—COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT............................... 143 8.13.1.1 APPLICABILITY......................................................................................... 143 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 19 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.13.1.2 QUALIFIED PERSONS REQUIRED FOR OPERATIONAL CONTROL FUNCTIONS................................................................................................. 143 8.13.1.3 FUNCTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH OPERATIONAL CONTROL........... 144 8.13.1.4 OPERATIONAL CONTROL DUTIES........................................................ 145 8.13.1.5 CONTENTS OF A FLIGHT RELEASE/OPERATIONAL FLIGHT PLAN 145 8.13.1.6 FLIGHT RELEASE—AIRCRAFT REQUIREMENTS............................... 146 8.13.1.7 FLIGHT RELEASE—FACILITIES AND NOTAMS.................................. 146 8.13.1.8 FLIGHT RELEASE—WEATHER REPORTS AND FORECASTS........... 146 8.13.1.9 FLIGHT RELEASE—IN ICING CONDITIONS......................................... 147 8.13.1.10 FLIGHT RELEASE—UNDER VFR OR IFR............................................. 147 8.13.1.11 FLIGHT RELEASE—MINIMUM FUEL SUPPLY................................... 147 8.13.1.12 FLIGHT RELEASE—AIRCRAFT LOADING AND PERFORMANCE.. 147 8.13.1.13 FLIGHT RELEASE—AMENDMENT OR RE-RELEASE EN ROUTE... 147 8.13.1.14 FLIGHT RELEASE—WITH AIRBORNE WEATHER RADAR EQUIPMENT............................................................................................... 148 PART 8- IMPLEMENTING STANDARDS...................................................................... 151 IS: 8.2.1.5................................... INOPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT 151 IS: 8.7.2.2(B) GENERAL – ROTORCRAFT CLASS 1, 2, AND 3 CODE OF PERFORMANCE............................................................................................................. 151 IS: 8.7.2.3.................. SINGLE AND MULTI-ENGINE AEROPLANE OPERATIONS 152 IS: 8.8.1.7................................... INSTRUMENT APPROACH OPERATING MINIMA 156 IS: 8.8.1.9 CATEGORY II AND III MANUAL............................................................. 156 IS: 8.8.1.28....................................................... INTERCEPTION OF CIVIL AIRCRAFT 157 IS: 8.8.2.11................................................................ UNIVERSAL AVIATION SIGNALS 162 IS: 8.8.3.4...................................................................... TABLE OF CRUISING LEVELS 175 IS: 8.10.1.9 COMPANY PROCEDURES INDOCTRINATION................................. 179 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 20 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 IS: 8.10.1.10 INITIAL DANGEROUS GOODS TRAINING....................................... 180 IS: 8.10.1.12 INITIAL CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENT TRAINING............. 183 IS: 8.10.1.13 INITIAL EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT DRILLS.................................. 184 IS: 8.10.1.14(B) INITIAL AIRCRAFT GROUND TRAINING—FLIGHT CREW.. 187 IS: 8.10.1.14 (C) INITIAL AIRCRAFT GROUND TRAINING—CABIN CREW MEMBERS........................................................................................................................ 194 IS: 8.10.1.15(D) INITIAL AIRCRAFT GROUND TRAINING—FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICER............................................................................................... 197 IS: 8.10.1.15 INITIAL AIRCRAFT FLIGHT TRAINING........................................... 199 IS: 8.10.1.16 INITIAL SPECIALISED OPERATIONS TRAINING.......................... 204 IS: 8.10.1.17 AIRCRAFT DIFFERENCES.................................................................... 205 IS: 8.10.1.20 AIRCRAFT AND INSTRUMENT PROFICIENCY CHECK—PILOT 206 IS: 8.10.1.22 PAIRING OF LOW EXPERIENCE CREW MEMBERS..................... 206 IS: 8.10.1.24 COMPETENCE CHECKS—CABIN CREW MEMBERS.................... 207 IS: 8.10.1.33 RECURRENT TRAINING—FLIGHT CREW....................................... 209 IS: 8.10.1.34 RECURRENT NORMAL AND EMERGENCY TRAINING—CABIN CREW MEMBERS.......................................................................................................... 213 IS: 8.10.1.35 RECURRENT TRAINING—FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICER...... 215 IS: 8.10.1.37 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR TRAINING...................................................... 216 IS: 8.10.1.40 CHECK AIRMAN TRAINING................................................................ 218 IS: 8.11.1.2 DUTY AND REST PERIODS..................................................................... 219 CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 21 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 [THIS PAGE IS INTETIONALLY LEFT BLANK] CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 22 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 Part 8—OPERATIONS 8.1 GENERAL 8.1.1.1 APPLICABILITY (a) Part 8 prescribes the requirements for: (1) Operations conducted by a flight crewmember certified in Zambia while operating aircraft registered in Zambia. (2) Operations of foreign aircraft registered in another State by Zambia AOC holders. (3) Operations of aircraft within Zambia by flightcrew or AOC holders of another State. (b) For operations outside of Zambia, all Zambian pilots and operators shall comply with these requirements unless compliance would result in a violation of the laws of the State in which the operation is conducted. Where a particular requirement is applicable only to a particular segment of aviation operations, it will be identified by a reference to those particular operations, such as “commercial air transport” or “small non-turbojet or turbofan aeroplanes.” 8.1.1.2 DEFINITIONS (a) For the purpose of Part 8, the following definitions shall apply— (1) Acrobatic flight. Maneouvers intentionally performed by an aircraft involving an abrupt change in its attitude, an abnormal attitude, or an abnormal variation in speed. CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 23 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 (2) ADS-C Agreement. A reporting plan which establishes the conditions of ADC-C data reporting (i.e., data required by the air traffic services unit and frequency of ADC-C reports which have to be agreed to prior to using ADC-C in the provision of air traffic services). The terms of the agreement will be exchanged between the ground system and the aircraft by means of a contract, or a series of contracts. (3) Advisory airspace. An airspace of defined dimensions, or designated route, within which air traffic advisory service is available. (4) Aeroplane. (i) Complex Aeroplane [land]. An aeroplane that has all the following characteristics: a retractable landing gear, flaps, and a controllable pitch propeller. (ii) Complex Aeroplane [sea]. An aeroplane that has all the following characteristics: flaps, and controllable pitch propeller. (5) Aerial work. An aircraft operation in which an aircraft is used for specialised services such as agriculture, construction, photography, surveying, observation and patrol, search and rescue, aerial advertisement, etc. (6) Air navigation facility. Any facility used in, available for use in, or designed for use in aid of air navigation, including aerodromes, landing areas, lights, any apparatus or equipment for disseminating weather information, for signalling, for radio directional finding, or for radio or other electrical communication, and any other structure or mechanism having a similar purpose for guiding or controlling flight in the air or the landing and take-off of aircraft. (7) Automatic dependent surveillance – broadcast (ADS-B). A means by which aircraft, aerodrome vehicles and other objects can automatically transmit and/or receive data such as identification, position and additional data, as appropriate, in a broadcast mode via a data link. (8) Calendar day. The period of elapsed time, using Coordinated Universal Time or local time, which begins at midnight and ends 24 hours later in the next midnight. (9) Check Airman (aeroplane). A person who is qualified, and permitted, to conduct an evaluation in an aeroplane and/or in a flight simulator training device for a particular type of aeroplane, for a particular AOC holder. (10) Check Airman (simulator). A person who is qualified to conduct an evaluation, but only in a flight simulation training device for a particular type of aircraft, for a particular AOC holder. (11) Controlled flight. Any flight which is subject to an ATC clearance. CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 24 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 (12) Critical engine. The engine whose failure would most adversely affect the performance or handling qualities of an aircraft. (13) Critical phases of flight. Those portions of operations involving taxing, takeoff and landing, and all flight operations below 10,000 ft, except cruise flight. (14) Cruise relief pilot. A flight crewmember who is assigned to perform pilot tasks during cruise flight to allow the PIC or co-pilot to obtain planned rest. (15) Cruising level. A level maintained during a significant portion of a flight. (16) Dangerous goods. Articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property or the environment and which are shown in the list of dangerous goods in the ICAO Technical Instructions (Refer to definition below) or which are classified according to those Instructions. (17) Deadhead transportation. Time spent in transportation on aircraft (at the insistence of the AOC holder) to or from a crewmember’s home station. (18) Defined point after takeoff. The point, within the takeoff and initial climb phase, before which the Class 2 helicopter's ability to continue the flight safely with one engine inoperative, is not assured and a forced landing may be required. (19) Defined point before landing. The point, within the approach and landing phase, after which the Class 2 helicopter's ability to continue the flight safely, with one engine inoperative, is not assured and a forced landing may be required. (20) Duty period. As it related to an air operator, a period which starts when flight or cabin crew personnel are required by an operator to report for or to commence a duty and ends when that person is free from all duties. (21) Effective length of the runway. The distance for landing from the point at which the obstruction clearance plane associated with the approach end of the runway intersects the centreline of the runway to the far end. (22) Extended overwater operation. With respect to aircraft other than helicopters, an operation over water at a horizontal distance of more than 50 nm from the nearest shoreline; and to helicopters, an operation over water at a horizontal distance of more than 50 nm from the nearest shoreline and more than 50 nm from an offshore heliport structure. (23) Fatigue. A physiological state of reduced mental or physical performance capability resulting from sleep loss or extended wakefulness. Circadian phase, or workload (mental and/or physical activity) that can impair a crew member’s alertness and ability to safely operate an aircraft or perform safety related duties. (24) Flight(s). The period from takeoff to landing. (25) Flight manual. A manual, associated with the certificate of airworthiness, containing limitations within which the aircraft is to be considered airworthy, and CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 25 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 instructions information necessary to the flight crew members for the safe operation of the aircraft. (26) Flight operations officer/flight dispatcher. A person designated by the operator to engage in the control and supervision of flight operations, whether licensed or not, suitably qualified in accordance with Annex 1, who supports, briefs and/or assists the pilot-in-command in the safe conduct of the flight. (27) Flight duty period. The total time from the moment a flight crewmember commences duty, immediately subsequent to a rest period and before making a flight or a series of flights, to the moment the flight crewmember is relieved of all duties having completed such flight or series of flights. (28) Flight plan. Specified information provided to air traffic services units, relative to an intended flight or portion of a flight of an aircraft. The term "flight plan” is used to mean variously, full information on all items comprised in the flight plan description, covering the whole route of a flight, or limited information required when the purpose is to obtain a clearance for a minor portion of a flight such as to cross an airway, to take off from, or to land at a controlled aerodrome. (29) Flight time. The period of time that the aircraft moves under its own power for the purpose of flight and ends when the aircraft comes to rest after it is parked at the end of the flight (30) General aviation operation. An aircraft operation other than a commercial air transport operation or an aerial work operation. (31) Instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling, less than the minima specified for visual meteorological conditions. (32) Helideck. A heliport located on a floating or fixed offshore structure. (33) Heliport. An aerodrome or defined area on a structure intended to be used wholly or in part for the arrival, departure, and surface movement of helicopters. (34) Journey log. A form signed by the PIC of each flight that records the aeroplane's registration, crewmember names and duty assignments, the type of flight, and the date, place, and time of arrival and departure. (35) Landing decision point. The point used in determining landing performance from which, an engine failure occurring at this point, the landing may be safely continued or a balked landing initiated. (36) Line operating flight time. Flight time recorded by the PIC or Co-Pilot while in revenue service for an AOC holder. (37) Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL). A list established for a particular aircraft type by the manufacturer with the approval of the State of Design CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 26 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 containing items, one or more of which is permitted to be unserviceable at the commencement of a flight. The MMEL may be associated with special operating conditions, limitations, or procedures. The MMEL provides the basis for development, review, and approval by the Authority of an individual operator's MEL. (38) Minimum descent altitude (MDA) or minimum descent height (MDH). A specified altitude or height in a non-precision approach or circling approach below which descent must not be made without the required visual reference. (i) Minimum descent altitude (MDA) is referenced to mean sea level and minimum descent height (MDH) is referenced to the aerodrome elevation or to the threshold elevation if that is more than 2 m (7 ft) below the aerodrome elevation. A minimum descent height for a circling approach is referenced to the aerodrome elevation. (ii) The required visual reference means that section of the visual aids or of the approach area which should have been in view for sufficient time for the pilot to have made an assessment of the aircraft position and rate of change of position, in relation to the desired flight path. In the case of a circling approach the required visual reference is the runway environment. (iii) For convenience when both expressions are used they may be written in the form “minimum descent altitude/height” and abbreviated “MDA/H”. (39) Obstruction clearance plane. A plane sloping upward from the runway at a slope of 1:20 to the horizontal, and tangent to or clearing all obstructions within a specified area surrounding the runway as shown in a profile view of that area. In the plane view, the centreline of the specified area coincides with the centreline of the runway, beginning at the point where the obstruction clearance plane intersects the centreline of the runway and proceeding to a point at least 1,500 ft from the beginning point. Thereafter, the centreline coincides with the takeoff path over the ground for the runway (in the case of takeoffs) or with the instrument approach counterpart (for landings), or where the applicable one of these paths has not been established, it proceeds consistent with turns of at least 4,000 foot radius until a point is reached beyond which the obstruction clearance plane clears all obstructions. This area extends laterally 200 ft on each side of the centreline at the point where the obstruction clearance plane intersects the runway and continues at this width to the end of the runway; then it increases uniformly to 500 ft on each side of the centreline at a point 1,500 ft from the intersection of the obstruction clearance plane with the runway; thereafter, it extends laterally 500 ft on each side of the centreline. CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 27 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 (40) Operational flight plan. The operator's plan for the safe conduct of the flight based on considerations of aircraft performance, other operating limitations, and relevant expected conditions on the route to be followed and at the aerodromes or heliports concerned. (41) Passenger exit seats. Those seats having direct access to an exit, and those seats in a row of seats through which passengers would have to pass to gain access to an exit, from the first seat inboard of the exit to the first aisle inboard of the exit. A passenger seat having "direct access" means a seat from which a passenger can proceed directly to the exit without entering an aisle or passing around an obstruction. (42) Rest period. A continuous and defined period of time, subsequent to and/or prior to duty, during which flight or cabin crew members are free of all duties (43) Takeoff decision point. The point used in determining takeoff performance of a Class 1 helicopter from which, an engine failure occurring at this point, either a rejected takeoff may be made or a takeoff safely continued. 8.1.1.3 ABBREVIATIONS (a) The following are the abbreviations used in Part 8: (1) AFM—Aeroplane Flight Manual. (2) AGL—Above Ground Level. (3) AMT—Aviation Maintenance Technician. (4) AOC—Air Operator Certificate. (5) AOM—Aircraft Operating Manual. (6) APU—Auxiliary Power Unit. (7) ATC—Air Traffic Control. (8) CAT—Category. (9) CDL—Configuration Deviation List. (10) CP—Copilot. (11) CRM—Crew Resource Management. (12) DH—Decision Height. (13) ETA—Estimated Time of Arrival. (14) EDTO—Extended Range Operations by Twin–Engined Aeroplanes. (15) FE—Flight Engineer. (16) FL—Flight Level. (17) FN—Flight Navigator. (18) FRMS—Fatigue Risk Management System CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 28 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 (19) GPS—Global Positioning System. (20) IA—Inspection Authorisation. (21) IFR—Instrument Flight Rules. (22) IMC—Instrument Meteorological Conditions. (23) INS—Inertial Navigation System. (24) LDA—Localizer-type Directional Aid. (25) LOC—Localizer. (26) LORAN—Long-range Navigation. (27) LVTO—Low Visibility Take Off. (28) MDA—Minimum Decent Altitude. (29) MEA—Minimum En Route Altitude. (30) MEL—Minimum Equipment List. (31) MMEL—Master Minimum Equipment List. (32) MNPS—Minimum Navigation Performance Specifications. (33) MOCA—Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude. (34) MSL—Mean Sea Level. (35) NOTAM—Notice to Airmen. (36) RFM—Rotorcraft Flight Manual. (37) RFFS—Rescue and Fire Fighting Service (38) RVR—Runway Visibility Range. (39) RVSM—Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum. (40) PBE—Protective Breathing Equipment. (41) PIC—Pilot in Command. (42) SCA—Senior Cabin Crewmember. (43) SM—Statute Miles. (44) TACAN—Tactical Air Navigation System. (45) VFR—Visual Flight Rules. (46) VMC—Visual Meteorological Conditions. (47) VSM—Vertical Separation Minimum. (48) V1—Takeoff decision speed. (49) Vmo—Maximum operating speed. (50) Vso—Stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration. 8.2 GENERAL OPERATIONS REQUIREMENTS CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 29 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.2.1 AIRCRAFT REQUIREMENTS 8.2.1.1 REGISTRATION AND MARKING (a) No person may operate a Zambian registered aircraft unless it displays the proper markings prescribed in Part 4. 8.2.1.2 CIVIL AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS (a) No person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in an airworthy condition. (b) Each PIC shall determine whether an aircraft is in a condition for safe flight. (c) The PIC shall discontinue a flight as soon as practicable when an unairworthy mechanical, electrical, or structural condition occurs. 8.2.1.3 SPECIAL AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE OPERATIONAL RESTRICTIONS (a) No person may operate an aircraft with a special airworthiness certificate except as provided in the limitations issued with that certificate. 8.2.1.4 AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT (a) No person may operate an aircraft unless it is equipped with the required instruments and navigation equipment appropriate to type of flight operation conducted and the route being flown. The instruments and equipment required for specific operations are listed in Part 7. 8.2.1.5 INOPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT (a) No person may takeoff in an aircraft with inoperative instruments or equipment installed, except as authorised by the Authority. (b) An AOC Holder shall not operate a multi-engine aircraft with inoperative instruments and equipment installed unless the following conditions are met: (1) An approved MEL exists for that aircraft. (2) The Authority has issued the AOC Holder operations specifications authorising operations in accordance with an approved MEL. The flightcrew shall have direct access at all times before flight to all of the information contained in the approved MEL through printed or other means approved by the Authority in the AOC Holder specific operating provisions. An approved MEL, as authorised by CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 30 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 the specific operating provisions, constitutes an approved change to the type design without requiring recertification. (3) The approved MEL must: (i) Be prepared in accordance with the limitations specified in paragraph (c) of this section. (ii) Provide for the operation of the aircraft with certain instruments and equipment in an inoperative condition. (4) Records identifying the inoperative instruments and equipment and the information required by paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section must be available to the pilot. (5) The aircraft is operated under all applicable conditions and limitations contained in the MEL and the specific operating provisions authorising use of the MEL. (c) The following instruments and equipment may not be included in the MEL: (1) Instruments and equipment that are either specifically or otherwise required by the airworthiness requirements under which the aircraft is type certificated and which are essential for safe operations under all operating conditions. (2) Instruments and equipment required by an Airworthiness Directive to be in operable condition unless the Airworthiness Directive provides otherwise. (3) Instruments and equipment required for specific operations under Part 7, Part 8, and/or Part 9 of these regulations. (d) Notwithstanding paragraphs (c)(1)and (c)(3) of this section, an aircraft with inoperative instruments or equipment may be operated under a special flight permit under 5.4.1.11 of these regulations (e) Refer to IS 8.2.1.5 for specific limitation on inoperative instruments and equipment. 8.2.1.6 CIVIL AIRCRAFT FLIGHT MANUAL, MARKING AND PLACARD REQUIREMENTS (a) No person may operate a Zambian registered civil aircraft unless there is available in the aircraft— (1) A current, approved AFM or RFM; or (2) An AOM approved by the Authority for the AOC holder; (3) If no AFM or RFM exists, approved manual material, markings and placards, or any combination thereof, which provide the PIC with the necessary limitations for safe operation. (b) No person may operate a civil aircraft within or over Zambia without complying with the operating limitations specified in the approved AFM or RFM, markings CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 31 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 and placards, or as otherwise prescribed by the certifying authority for the aircraft's State of Registry. (c) Each AFM or RFM shall be updated by implementing changes made mandatory by the State of Registry. (d) Each operator shall display in the aircraft all placards, listings, instrument markings or combination thereof, containing those operating limitations prescribed by the certifying authority for the aircraft's State of Registry for visual presentation. 8.2.1.7 REQUIRED AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT INSPECTIONS (a) Unless otherwise authorised by the Authority, no person may operate a Zambian civil aircraft unless it has had the appropriate inspections required by Subpart 8.3. 8.2.1.8 DOCUMENTS TO BE CARRIED ON AIRCRAFT—ALL OPERATIONS (a) Except as provided in 8.2.1.6, no person may operate a civil aircraft in commercial air transport operations unless it has within it the following current and approved documents: (1) Certificate of Aircraft Registration issued to the owner. (2) Certificate of Airworthiness. (3) Aircraft Journey Log. (4) Aircraft Radio Licence. (5) List of passenger names and points of embarkation and destination, if applicable. (6) Cargo manifest including special loads information. (7) Aircraft Technical Log. (8) Certified copy of AOC (9) Noise Certificate. (10) AFM or RFM, for aeroplanes or helicopters. (11) Part(s) of the Operations Manual relevant to operation(s) conducted. (12) MEL. (13) Category II or III Manual, as applicable. (14) Operational Flight Plan, for all international flights. (15) Filed ATC flight plan. (16) NOTAMS briefing documentation. (17) Meteorological information. (18) Mass and balance documentation. CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 32 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 (19) List of special situation passengers. (20) Maps and charts for routes of proposed flight or possibly diverted flights. (21) Forms for complying with the reporting requirements of the Authority and the AOC holder. (22) For international flights, a General Declaration for customs. (23) Any documentation that may be required by the Authority or States concerned with a proposed flight. (24) The appropriate licences for each member of the flightcrew. (25) Copy of the release to service, if any, in force with respect to the aircraft. (26) Search and rescue information, for international flights. (b) Except as provided in 8.2.1.6, no person may operate a civil aircraft in General Aviation operations or aerial work operations unless it has within it the following current and approved documents: (1) Certificate of Aircraft Registration issued to the owner. (2) Certificate of Airworthiness. (3) Aircraft Journey Log. (4) Aircraft Radio License. (5) List of passenger names and points of embarkation and destination, if applicable. (6) Cargo manifest including special loads information. (7) The appropriate licenses for each member of the flight crew. (8) Copy of the release to service, if any, in force with respect to the aircraft, or technical log, as applicable. (9) Noise certificate, if required. (10) AFM or RFM, for aeroplanes or helicopters. (11) Category II or III Manual, as applicable. (12) Operational Flight Plan, for all flights. (13) NOTAMS briefing documentation. (14) Maps and charts for routes of proposed flight or possibly diverted flights. (15) Forms for complying with the reporting requirements of the Authority. (16) For international flights, a General Declaration for customs. (17) Aerial work certificate for aerial work operators. (18) Search and rescue information, for all flights. (19) Any documentation that may be required by the Authority or States concerned with a proposed flight. (a) "Special situation passengers" includes armed security personnel, deportees, persons in custody, and persons with special medical needs. CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 33 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 (b) The noise certificate shall state the standards. The statement may be contained in any document, carried on board, approved by the State of Registry. 8.3 AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS 8.3.1.1 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes the rules governing the maintenance and inspection of Zambian registered civil aircraft operating within or outside Zambia. (b) Where any aircraft, not registered in Zambia and operating under an inspection programme approved or accepted by the State of Registry, does not have the equipment required by Zambia, for operations within Zambia, the owner/operator shall ensure that such equipment is installed and inspected in accordance with the requirements of the State of Registry, acceptable to the Authority before operation of that aircraft in Zambia. (c) Annual inspections in 8.3.1.4 and Annual Inspections plus 100 hour inspections in 8.3.1.4 do not apply to– (1) An aircraft that carries a special flight permit or a current permit to fly. (2) An aircraft subject to the requirements of progressive inspections in Subsection 8.3.1.5; (3) An aircraft subject to the requirements of a continuous airworthiness maintenance inspections in 8.3.1.6; and (4) A large aeroplane, a turbine-powered multi-engine aeroplane and a turbine- powered rotorcraft when the operator elects to inspect that rotorcraft in accordance with continuous airworthiness maintenance inspections in 8.3.1.6l. kv 8.3.1.2 GENERAL (a) The registered owner or operator of an aircraft is responsible for maintaining that aircraft in an airworthy condition, including compliance with all airworthiness directives. (b) No person may perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations on an aircraft other than as prescribed in this subpart and other applicable regulations, including Part 5. (c) No person may operate an aircraft for which a manufacturer’s maintenance manual or instructions for continued airworthiness has been issued that contains an airworthiness limitations section unless the mandatory replacement times, inspection CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 34 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 intervals and related procedures set forth in operations specifications approved by the Authority under Part 9 for AOC holders, or in accordance with an inspection programme approved under this Subsection are complied with. (d) The owner or operator shall use one of the following inspection programmes as appropriate for the aircraft and the type operation: (1) Annual inspection; (2) Annual/100 hour inspection; (3) Progressive; or (4) Continuous airworthiness maintenance programme (e) No aircraft shall be approved for return to service after inspection unless the replacement times for life-limited parts specified in the aircraft specification-type data sheets are complied with and the aeroplane, including airframe, engines, propellers, rotors, appliances, and survival and emergency equipment, is inspected in accordance with the selected inspection programme. (f) Each person wishing to establish or change an approved inspection programme shall submit the programme for approval by the Authority and shall include in writing— (1) Instructions and procedures for the conduct of inspection for the particular make and model aircraft, including necessary tests and checks. The instructions shall set forth in detail the parts and areas of the aeronautical products, including survival and emergency equipment required to be inspected; and (2) A schedule for the inspections that shall be performed expressed in terms of time in service, calendar time, number of system operations or any combination of these. (g) When an operator changes from one inspection programme to another, the operator shall apply the time in service, calendar times, or cycles of operation accumulated under the previous programme, in determining when the inspection is due under the new programme. 8.3.1.3 ANNUAL INSPECTIONS (a) An annual inspection programme may be used for non-complex aircraft with a maximum certificated take-off mass of less than 5,700 kg that are not used for compensation or hire. (b) An annual inspection under this paragraph may be performed by an AME holding an inspection approval (IA) in accordance with Part 2 or an AMO. (c) No person may operate an aircraft unless, within the preceding 12 calendar-months, the aircraft has had— CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 35 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 (1) An annual inspection in accordance with Part 5 and has been approved for return to service by an AME with an IA or an AMO. (2) An inspection for the issuance of an airworthiness certificate completed by the Authority in accordance with Part 5. 8.3.1.4 ANNUAL/100 HOUR INSPECTIONS (a) No person may operate a non-complex aircraft with a certificated maximum take- off mass less than 5,700 kg carrying any person (other than a crewmember) for compensation or hire, and no person may give flight instruction for compensation or hire in an aircraft which that person provides, unless; (1) Within the preceding 100 hours of time in service the aircraft has received an annual or a 100-hour inspection, and (2) Been approved for return to service in accordance with Part 5 of these regulations. (b) The 100-hour limitation may be exceeded by not more than 10 hours while en route to reach a place where the inspection can be done. The excess time used to reach a place where the inspection can be done must be included in computing the next 100 hours of time in service. (c) An annual inspection under this paragraph may be performed and released to service by an AME holding an IA in accordance with Part 2 or an AMO. (d) A 100 hour inspection under this paragraph may be performed and released to service by an AME holding an IA in accordance with Part 2 or an AMO. 8.3.1.5 PROGRESSIVE INSPECTIONS (a) A progressive inspection programme may be used for aircraft with a maximum certificated take-off mass of less than 5,700 kg. (b) Aircraft inspected under a progressive inspection programme may be used for aircraft engaged in compensation or hire. (c) Progressive inspection. Each registered owner or operator of an aircraft desiring to use a progressive inspection programme shall submit a written request to the Authority, and shall provide— (1) A n AME holding an IA in accordance with Part 2, an AMO appropriately rated in accordance with Part 6, or the manufacturer of the aircraft to supervise or conduct the progressive inspection; (2) A current inspection procedures manual available and readily understandable to pilot and maintenance personnel containing, in detail— CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 36 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 (i) An explanation of the progressive inspection, including the continuity of inspection responsibility, the making of reports, and the keeping of records and technical reference material; (ii) An inspection schedule, specifying the intervals in hours or days when routine and detailed inspections will be performed and including instructions for exceeding an inspection interval by not more than 10 hours while en- route and for changing an inspection interval because of service experience; (iii) Sample routine and detailed inspection forms and instructions for their use; and (iv) Sample reports and records and instructions for their use; (3) Enough housing and equipment for necessary disassembly and proper inspection of the aircraft; and (4) Appropriate current technical information for the aircraft. (d) The frequency and detail of the progressive inspection shall provide for the complete inspection of the aircraft within each 12 calendar-months and be consistent with the current manufacturer's recommendations, field service experience, and the kind of operation in which the aircraft is engaged. (e) The progressive inspection schedule shall ensure that the aircraft, at all times, will be airworthy and will conform to all applicable aircraft specifications, type certificate data sheets, airworthiness directives, and other approved data acceptable to the Authority. (f) Each owner/operator shall include in the inspection programme the name and address of the person responsible for the scheduling of the inspections required by the programme and provide a copy of the programme to the person performing inspection on the aircraft. (g) If the progressive inspection is discontinued, the owner or operator shall immediately notify the Authority, in writing, of the discontinuance. (1) After the discontinuance, the first annual inspection under Part 8 is due within 12 calendar-months after the last complete inspection of the aircraft under the progressive inspection. (2) The 100-hour inspection is due within 100 hours after that complete inspection. (3) A complete inspection of the aircraft, for the purpose of determining when the annual and 100 hour inspections are due, requires a detailed inspection of the aircraft and all its components in accordance with the progressive inspection. (4) A routine inspection of the aircraft and a detailed inspection of several components are not considered to be a complete inspection. CAA/ORG-ZCARs PART 8 OPERATIONS AUGUST 2015 CAA/ORG-ZCARs Page 37 of 220 Rev 0 Aug 2015 ZAMBIA CIVIL AVIATION ZCARs REQUIREMENTS PART 8 8.3.1.6 CONTINUOUS AIRWORTHINESS MAINTENANCE INSPECTION (a) The registered owner or operator of each large aeroplane certificated with a maximum take-off mass of over 5,700 kg, turbine-powered multi-engine aeroplane, and turbine-powered rotorcraft shall select, identify in the aircraft maintenance records, and use one of the following continuous airworthiness maintenance inspection programmes for the inspection of the aircraft— (1) A current inspection programme recommended by the manufacturer; (2) A continuous airworthiness maintenance programme for that make and model of aircraft currently approved by the Authority for use by an AOC holder; or (3) Any other inspection programme established by the registered owner or operator of that aircraft and approved by the Authority. (b) Each owner/operator shall include in the selected inspection programme the name and address of the person responsible for the scheduling of the inspections required by the programme and provide a copy of the programme to the person performing inspection on the aircraft. (c) The aircraft manufacturer’s inspection programme and any other inspection programme approved by the Authority, shall specify who can perform aircraft maintenance, inspections and return of the aircraft to service. 8.3.1.7 CHANGES TO AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE INSPECTION PROGRAMMES (a) Whenever the Authority finds that revisions to an approved inspection programme are necessary for the continued adequacy of the programme, the owner or operator shall, after notification by the Authority, make any changes in the programme found to be necessary. (b)
