PARA1043 Human Behaviours and Crisis Intervention PDF
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N. Sparrow
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These notes provide an introduction to human behaviours and crisis intervention, covering topics such as mental health, mental illness, Maslow's hierarchy of needs, social determinants of health and crisis management.
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PARA1043: Human Behaviours and Crisis Intervention N. SPARROW PARA1043 SEPT 2024 Mental Health What is ‘Mental Health’? A state of psychological, emotional and social well-being What are the key indicators of someone who is...
PARA1043: Human Behaviours and Crisis Intervention N. SPARROW PARA1043 SEPT 2024 Mental Health What is ‘Mental Health’? A state of psychological, emotional and social well-being What are the key indicators of someone who is ‘Mentally Healthy’? Ability to think logically and rationally Discussion Ability to choose amongst thoughts and emotions, move flexibly between them Ability to match moods and emotional expressions to situation Ability to cope with change, stress, trauma Ability to accept limitations and boundaries Ability to be productive and achieve our potential Ability to make meaningful contributions to society Disrupts the way a person thinks, feels or behaves Brain is just like any other organ - vulnerable to illness Stigma – often mental illness is looked upon and treated differently to physical illness Mental Illness Causes are complex Partly biological (genes, brain structure/chemistry, illness/injury) Partly developmental (adverse childhood experiences or neurodevelopmental differences) Partly environmental (social issues, poverty, violence, food insecurity) Maslow’s Hierarch y of Needs Thinking about Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs, can you identify groups of people who are at higher risk of mental illness? Discussion 1. Income and social status 2. Employment and working conditions 3. Education and literacy 4. Childhood experiences 5. Physical environments Social 6. Social supports and coping skills Determinants 7. Healthy behaviours 8. Access to health services of Health 9. Gender 10. Culture & Race Equity vs Equality? https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/health-promotion/ Equity vs Equality Crisis Management What is a mental health ‘crisis’? Developmental Crisis: Crisis resulting from a normal/expected life change Puberty Leaving home Marriage Birth of children Crisis Retirement Situational Crisis: Crisis resulting from an unexpected trauma, loss or change Death Divorce Critical illness/injury Assault/Violence Property destruction What is our role in crisis management? Developmental Crisis: Crisis Goals for assessment? Management? Management Situational Crisis: Goals for assessment? Management? Sympathy: You understand the feelings the other person is having, but do not necessarily share them Empathy: You are feeling the same feelings as the other person, you have experienced similar and can directly relate Pity: A superficial response to a person’s suffering Key Compassion: Sympathetic concern for the feelings and misfortune of others Terminology Diplomacy: The art of dealing with people in a sensitive, yet effective manner Tact: Using skill and sensitivity when dealing with difficult situations Discretion: The quality of behaving or speaking in such a way as to avoid causing upset or offense, or revealing private information Emotions and Emotional Reactions What types of emotional reactions might we see as paramedics? Typical? Atypical? “Healthy” Religion Seeking social support Seeking professional support Exercise/meditation Coping Mechanisms ‘Unhealthy” Substance Use Risky Behaviours Isolation Overworking Avoidance/Denial How can we provide emotional support on a difficult call? Providing Words Emotional Proximity Support Presence Touch Time Avoid using negative words which perpetuate stereotypes, prejudice, or discrimination (Stigmatizing language): Crazy, Nuts, Mad Drug addict, drug user Try ‘has a substance use disorder’ or ‘Uses _____ regularly’ Words Try to mimic the the language the person uses: Schizophrenic/Has schizophrenia Matter! Autistic/Has autism With respect to suicide and self-harm: ‘Commit’ implies it is a sin or crime ‘Successful/Unsuccessful’ imply there is an aspect of achievement Try ‘Died by suicide’ or ‘fatal vs non-fatal suicide attempt’ or ‘is having suicidal thoughts/ideations’
