PAES 304:2000 PDF - Engineering Materials - Keys and Keyways for Agricultural Machines

PHILIPPINE AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING STANDARD PAES 304: 2000 Foreword The development of this National Standard was initiated by the Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center (AMTEC) under the project entitled "Enhancing the Implementation of the AFMA Through...

PHILIPPINE AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING STANDARD PAES 304: 2000 Foreword The development of this National Standard was initiated by the Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center (AMTEC) under the project entitled "Enhancing the Implementation of the AFMA Through Improved Agricultural Engineering Standards" which was funded by the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) of the Department of Agriculture (DA). This Standard was reviewed by the Technical Committee for Study 2 – Development of Standards for Engineering Materials and was circulated to various private and government agencies/organizations concerned for their comments and reactions. These standards were presented to the Philippine Society of Agricultural Engineers (PSAE) and subjected to a public hearing organized by the National Agriculture and Fisheries Council (NAFC). The comments and reactions received during the presentation and public hearing were taken into consideration in the finalization of the standards. This Standard has been technically formulated in accordance with PNS 01:Part 4:1998 – Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Philippine National Standard. It provides specifications of keys and its corresponding keyways and does not cover manufacturing specifications. This standard was based from JIS B 1301:1996, Keys and their corresponding keyways. In the preparation of this standard, the following references were considered. Faires, V. M. 1969. Design of Machine Elements. Macmillan Company, New York USA. Dodge design manual PHILIPPINE AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING STANDARD PAES 304:2000 Engineering Materials – Keys and Keyways for Agricultural Machines – Specifications and Applications 1 Scope This Standard specifies the parallel keys, taper keys and Woodruff keys made of steel used for agricultural machines (hereafter referred to as “keys” in generic term) and their corresponding keyways. 2 Reference The following normative references contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard: PAES 305:2000, Engineering Materials – Shafts for Agricultural Machines – Specifications and Applications 3 Application Keys are used to prevent relative movement of rotating members and the shafts or spindles to which they are mounted. 4 Classification Keys are classified into the following classes: 1) Parallel keys – keys whose longitudinal sides are parallel with each other. 2) Taper keys – keys with a tapered longitudinal section. 3) Woodruff keys – keys with a semi-circular cross-section. 5 Parallel keys 5.1 Nomenclature of parallel keys and keyways Parallel keys can also be either square or rectangular with respect to its cross section. The designation of dimensions of parallel keys and parallel keyways are shown in Figure 1 and 2 respectively and are defined as follows: b – the cross-sectional width of the key t1 – height of keyway for the shaft h – the cross-sectional height of the key t2 – height of keyway for the hub l – length of the key d – shaft diameter b1 – width of keyway for the shaft r – radius of curvature b2 – width of keyway for the hub  PAES 304:2000 b b l h Figure 1 – Designation of dimension of parallel keys Section of keyway r2 t2 h b2 t1 d b1 r1 Figure 2 - Designation of dimension of keyway for parallel key 2  PAES 304:2000 5.2 Classification of key ends The end of the parallel key shall be classified into three classes as shown in Figure 3 according to its shape. If not specified, key ends shall be both ends rectangular or square. Both ends round Both ends rectangular One end round (A) or square (C) (B) R R b b l l l Figure 3 – End of key 5.3 Specifications of parallel keys and keyways Dimensions of parallel keys and keyways are specified in Tables 1 and 2 respectively. Table 1 – Dimensions of parallel keys, mm Nominal Nominal dimension of key l dimension of key l bxh bxh 2x2 6 to 20 25x14 70 to 280 3x3 6 to 36 28x16 80 to 320 4x4 8 to 45 32x18 90 to 360 5x5 10 to 56 (35x22) 100 to 400 6x5 14 to 70 36x20 - 6x6 14 to 70 (38x24) - (7x7) 16 to 80 40x22 - 8x7 18 to 90 (42x26) - 10x8 22 to 110 45x25 - 10x10 22 to 110 50x28 - 12x8 28 to 140 56x32 - 14x9 36 to 160 63x32 - (15x10) 40 to 180 70x36 - 16x10 45 to 180 80x40 - 18x11 50 to 200 90x45 - 20x12 56 to 220 100x50 - (24x16) 70 to 280 Note: For other sizes of keys and keyways, refer to manufacturer’s catalog. Those of parenthesized nominal dimensions which are not specified in the International Standards shall not be used in new design 3  PAES 304:2000 Table 2 –Dimension of keyways for parallel keys, mm Nominal Applicable dimension of Basic dimension Basic dimension Basic dimension shaft key b1 and b2 of t1 of t2 diameter, d bxh 2x2 2 1.2 1.0 6 to 8 3x3 3 1.8 1.4 8 to 10 4x4 4 2.5 1.8 10 to 12 5x5 5 3.0 2.3 12 to 17 6x6 6 3.5 2.8 17 to 22 (7x7) 7 4.0 3.3 20 to 25 8x7 8 4.0 3.3 22 to 30 10x8 10 5.0 3.3 30 to 38 12x8 12 5.0 3.3 38 to 44 14x9 14 5.5 3.8 44 to 50 (15x10) 15 5.0 5.3 50 to 55 16x10 16 6.0 4.3 50 to 58 18x11 18 7.0 4.4 58 to 65 20x12 20 7.5 4.9 65 to 75 22x14 22 9.0 5.4 75 to 85 (24x16) 24 8.0 8.4 80 to 90 25x14 25 9.0 5.4 85 to 95 28x16 28 10.0 6.4 95 to 110 32x18 32 11.0 7.4 110 to 130 (35x22) 35 11.0 11.4 125 to 140 36x20 36 12.0 8.4 130 to 150 (38x24) 38 12.0 12.4 140 to 160 40x22 40 13.0 9.4 150 to 170 (42x26) 42 13.0 13.4 160 to 180 45x25 45 15.0 10.4 170 to 200 50x28 50 17.0 11.4 200 to 230 56x32 56 20.0 12.4 230 to 260 63x32 63 20.0 12.4 260 to 290 70x36 70 22.0 14.4 290 to 330 80x40 80 25.0 15.4 330 to 380 90x45 90 28.0 17.4 380 to 440 100x50 100 31.0 19.5 440 to 500 Note: Those of parenthesized nominal dimensions which are not specified in the International Standards shall not be used in new design 6 Taper keys 6.1 Nomenclature of taper keys and keyways The designation of dimensions of taper keys and keyways are shown in Figure 4 and 5 respectively and are defined as follows: b – the cross-sectional width of the b1 – width of keyway for the shaft key b2 – width of keyway for the hub h – the cross-sectional height of the t1 – height of keyway for the shaft key t2 – height of keyway for the hub h1 – height of the gib head d – shaft diameter l – length of the key r – radius of curvature 4  PAES 304:2000 6.2 Classification The classifications of tapered keys are as follows: Without gib head - T With gig head - TG Tapered key without gib head Tapered key with gib head (C) (TG) b b c l l 30° A-A (enlarged figure) A h f b Slope 1 + _ 1 100 1000 h1 h h2 h c A Figure 4 – Designation of dimension of tapered key Section of keyway A A-A r2 t2 b2 t1 d b1 r1 A Figure 5 - Designation of dimension of keyway for tapered key 6.3 Dimensions of tapered keys and keyways Dimensions of tapered keys and keyways are specified in Tables 3 and 4 respectively. 5  PAES 304:2000 Table 3 – Dimension of tapered keys, mm Nominal Key body dimension of key l b h h1 bxh 2x2 6 to 30 2 2 - 3x3 6 to 36 3 3 - 4x4 8 to 45 4 4 7 5x5 10 to 56 5 5 8 6x6 14 to 70 6 6 10 (7x7) 16 to 80 7 7.2 10 8x7 18 to 90 8 7 11 10x8 22 to 110 10 8 12 12x8 28 to 140 12 8 12 14x9 36 to 160 14 9 14 (15x10) 40 to 180 15 10.2 15 16x10 45 to 180 16 10 16 18x11 50 to 200 18 11 18 20x12 56 to 220 20 12 20 22x14 63 to 250 22 14 22 (24x16) 70 to 280 24 16.2 24 25x14 70 to 280 25 14 22 28x16 80 to 320 28 16 25 32x18 90 to 360 32 18 28 (35x22) 100 to 400 35 22.3 32 36x20 - 36 20 32 (38x24) - 38 24.3 36 40x22 - 40 22 36 (42x26) - 42 26.3 40 45x25 - 45 25 40 50x28 - 50 28 45 56x32 - 56 32 50 63x32 - 63 32 50 70x36 - 70 36 56 80x40 - 80 40 63 90x45 - 90 45 70 100x50 - 100 50 80 Note: For other sizes of keys and keyways, refer to manufacturer’s catalog. Those of parenthesized nominal dimensions which are not specified in the International Standards shall not be used in new design 6  PAES 304:2000 Table 4 –Dimension of keyways for tapered keys, mm Nominal Applicable dimension Basic dimension Basic dimension Basic dimension shaft of key of b1 and b2 of t1 of t2 diameter d bxh 2x2 2 1.2 0.5 6 to 8 3x3 3 1.8 0.9 8 to 10 4x4 4 2.5 1.2 10 to 12 5x5 5 3.0 1.7 12 to 17 6x6 6 3.5 2.2 17 to 22 (7x7) 7 4.0 3.0 20 to 25 8x7 8 4.0 2.4 22 to 30 10x8 10 5.0 2.4 30 to 38 12x8 12 5.0 2.4 38 to 44 14x9 14 5.5 2.9 44 to 50 (15x10) 15 5.0 5.0 50 to 55 16x10 16 6.0 3.4 50 to 58 18x11 18 7.0 3.4 58 to 65 20x12 20 7.5 3.9 65 to 75 22x14 22 9.0 4.4 75 to 85 (24x16) 24 8.0 8.0 80 to 90 25x14 25 9.0 4.4 85 to 95 28x16 28 10.0 5.4 95 to 110 32x18 32 11.0 6.4 110 to 130 (35x22) 35 11.0 11.0 125 to 140 36x20 36 12.0 7.1 130 to 150 (38x24) 38 12.0 12.0 140 to 160 40x22 40 13.0 8.1 150 to 170 (42x26) 42 13.0 13.0 160 to 180 45x25 45 15.0 9.1 170 to 200 50x28 50 17.0 10.0 200 to 230 56x32 56 20.0 11.1 230 to 260 63x32 63 20.0 11.1 260 to 290 70x36 70 22.0 13.1 290 to 330 80x40 80 25.0 14.1 330 to 380 90x45 90 28.0 16.1 380 to 440 100x50 100 31.0 18.1 440 to 500 7 Woodruff keys 7.1 Nomenclature of Woodruff keys and keyways The designation of dimensions of Woodruff keys and keyways are shown in Figure 6 and 7 respectively and are defined as follows: dO – the diameter of the key b – the cross-sectional width of the key h – the cross-sectional height of the key h1 – height of Whitney form key l – length of the key b1 and b2 – width of keyway for the shaft and hub respectively d1 – diameter of the cross-section of the keyway t1 – height of keyway for the shaft t2 – height of keyway for the hub d – shaft diameter 7  PAES 304:2000 7.2 Classification The symbols for Woodruff keys are as follows: Normal form - WA Whitney form - WB Normal form Whitney form (WA) (WB) l b l b c A d0 h1 d0 h h A c c Figure 6 – Designation of dimensions of Woodruff key (In the case of conical shaft) A-A A b2 r2 t2 t1 d1 d1 t1 t2 r1 b1 d d A Figure 7 - Designation of dimension of keyways for Woodruff keys 8  PAES 304:2000 7.3 Dimensions of Woodruff keys and keyways Dimensions of Woodruff keys and keyways are specified in Tables 5 and 6 respectively. Table 7 specifies the applicable shaft diameter applicable to Woodruff keys. Table 5 –Dimension of Woodruff keys, mm Nominal Informative Dimension of key dimension of reference key l (Calculated b dO h h1 b x dO value) 1x4 1 4 1.4 1.1 - 1.5x7 1.5 7 2.6 2.1 - 2x7 2 7 2.6 2.1 - 2x10 2 10 3.7 3.0 - 2.5x10 2.5 10 3.7 3.0 9.6 (3x10) 3 10 3.7 3.55 9.6 3x13 3 13 5.0 4.0 12.6 3x16 3 16 6.5 5.2 15.7 (4x13) 4 13 5.0 4.75 12.6 4x16 4 16 6.5 5.2 15.7 4x19 4 19 7.5 6.0 18.5 5x16 5 16 6.5 5.2 15.7 5.19 5 19 7.5 6.0 18.5 5x22 5 22 9.0 7.2 21.6 6x22 6 22 9.0 7.2 21.6 6x25 6 25 10.0 8.0 24.4 (6x28) 6 28 11.0 10.6 27.3 (6x32) 6 32 13.0 12.5 31.4 (7x22) 7 22 9.0 8.5 21.6 (7x25) 7 25 10.0 9.5 24.4 (7x28) 7 28 11.0 10.6 27.3 (7x32) 7 32 13.0 12.5 31.4 (7x38) 7 38 15.0 14.0 37.1 (7x45) 7 45 16.0 15.0 43.0 (8x25) 8 25 10.0 9.5 24.4 8x28 8 28 11.0 8.8 27.3 (8x32) 8 32 13.0 12.5 31.4 (8x38) 8 38 15.0 14.0 37.1 10x32 10 32 13.0 10.4 31.4 (10x45) 10 45 16.0 15.0 43.0 (10x55) 10 55 17.0 16.0 50.8 (10x65) 10 65 19.0 18.0 59.0 (12x65) 12 65 19.0 18.0 59.0 (12x80) 12 80 24.0 22.4 73.3 Note: For other sizes of keys and keyways, refer to manufacturer’s catalog. Those of parenthesized nominal dimensions which are not specified in the International Standards shall not be used in new design 9  PAES 304:2000 Table 6 –Dimension of keyways for Woodruff keys, mm Nominal dimension Basic dimension Basic dimension of Basic dimension d1 of key of b1 and b2 t1 of t2 b x dO 1x4 1 1.0 0.6 4 1.5x7 1.5 2.0 0.8 7 2x7 2 1.8 1.0 7 2x10 2 2.9 1.0 10 2.5x10 2.5 2.7 1.2 10 (3x10) 3 2.5 1.4 10 3x13 3 3.8 1.4 13 3x16 3 5.3 1.4 16 (4x13) 4 3.5 1.7 13 4x16 4 5.0 1.8 16 4x19 4 6.0 1.8 19 5x16 5 4.5 2.3 16 5.19 5 5.5 2.3 19 5x22 5 7.0 2.3 22 6x22 6 6.5 2.8 22 6x25 6 7.5 2.8 25 (6x28) 6 8.6 2.6 28 (6x32) 6 10.6 2.6 32 (7x22) 7 6.4 2.8 22 (7x25) 7 7.4 2.8 25 (7x28) 7 8.4 2.8 28 (7x32) 7 10.4 2.8 32 (7x38) 7 12.4 2.8 38 (7x45) 7 13.4 2.8 45 (8x25) 8 7.2 3.0 25 8x28 8 8.0 3.3 28 (8x32) 8 10.2 3.0 32 (8x38) 8 12.2 3.0 38 10x32 10 10.0 3.3 32 (10x45) 10 12.8 3.4 45 (10x55) 10 13.8 3.4 55 (10x65) 10 15.8 3.4 65 (12x65) 12 15.2 4.0 65 (12x80) 12 20.2 4.0 80 Note: For other sizes of keys and keyways, refer to manufacturer’s catalog. Those of parenthesized nominal dimensions which are not specified in the International Standards shall not be used in new design 10  PAES 304:2000 Table 7 – Shaft diameter applicable to Woodruff keys, mm Nominal Shearing dimension Series 1 Series 2 Series 3 cross of key sectional area b x dO 1x4 3 to 4 3 to 4 - - 1.5x7 4 to 5 4 to 6 - - 2x7 5 to 6 6 to 8 - - 2x10 6 to 7 8 to 10 - - 2.5x10 7 to 8 10 to 12 7 to 12 21 3x10 - - 8 to 14 26 3x13 8 to 10 12 to 15 9 to 16 35 3x16 10 to 12 15 to 18 11 to 18 45 4x13 - - 11 to 18 46 4x16 12 to 14 18 to 20 12 to 20 57 4x19 14 to 16 20 to 22 14 to 22 70 5x16 16 to 18 22 to 25 14 to 22 72 5.19 18 to 20 25 to 28 15 to 24 86 5x22 20 to 22 28 to 32 17 to 26 102 6x22 22 to 25 32 to 36 19 to 28 121 6x25 25 to 28 36 to 40 20 to 30 141 6x28 - - 22 to 32 155 6x32 - - 24 to 34 180 7x22 - - 20 to 29 139 7x25 - - 22 to 32 159 7x28 - - 24 to 34 179 7x32 - - 26 to 37 209 7x38 - - 29 to 41 249 7x45 - - 31 to 45 288 8x25 - - 24 to 34 181 8x28 28 to 32 40 to - 26 to 37 203 8x32 - - 28 to 40 239 8x38 - - 30 to 44 283 10x32 32 to 38 - 31 to 46 295 10x45 - - 38 to 54 406 10x55 - - 42 to 60 477 10x65 - - 46 to 65 558 12x65 - - 50 to 73 660 12x80 - - 58 to 82 834 Remarks 1. The series one and two are the shaft diameters given in the corresponding International Standards and are as follows: Series 1: Adequate for the assembly where the torque is transmitted by the key. Series 2: Adequate for the case where the positioning is made by key and the torque is not transmitted by it, e.g., where the shaft and the hub are in the fit of “interference fit”. 2. Series 3 corresponds to the shearing strength at the shearing cross-section area shown in the Table. This shearing cross-section area is the calculated value of the part to be sheared at the time when the key is sinking completely in the keyway. 11  PAES 304:2000 8 Materials The key shall be free from cracks and harmful flaws, burrs and rust in appearance. Materials used for keys are of AISI designation 1020 as annealed. Its tensile strength shall be 393 MPa. The key shall have a lower shearing strength than the shaft and hub material. 9 Key, shaft and hub assembly The three types of key, shaft, and hub assembly are shown in Table 8. Table 8 – Assembly of shaft and hub by key Type Explanation Applicable key Assembly that shaft and hub can slide relatively Sliding type Parallel key in axial direction Assembly that hub is put into the key fixed on Normal type Parallel key and Woodruff key the shaft Assembly that hub is fastened on the key fixed Parallel key, Taper key, and Fastening type on the shaft or assembly that the key is driven Woodruff key in between the combined shaft and hub. 10 Shafts Use of appropriate shafts with keys and keyways are discussed in PAES 205:2000. 11 Marking The following information shall be marked on the package of the keys. 1) Classification 2) Nominal dimension x length (only nominal dimension in case of Woodruff key) 3) Shape of end (in case of parallel key) 4) Manufacturer’s name, its trademark, and address 12