Online Quiz 12-1-2025 PDF

Online Quiz 12-1-2025 1. use of atropine (antagonist of muscarinic receptors) prevent peristalsis in the entire gut by: A-distention B-enhance sympathetic activity C-physical irritation of the epithelial lining in the gut D- paralyze the cholinergic nerve endings of the myenteric plexus E- chemi...

Online Quiz 12-1-2025 1. use of atropine (antagonist of muscarinic receptors) prevent peristalsis in the entire gut by: A-distention B-enhance sympathetic activity C-physical irritation of the epithelial lining in the gut D- paralyze the cholinergic nerve endings of the myenteric plexus E- chemical Irritation of the gut epithelial lining 2- vago-vagal reflex is an important reflex in stomach. A- Initiation of peristalsis movements B-Initiation of secondary wave of contraction C-Relaxation of stomach wall D-Contraction of stomach wall E-All the choice are wrong 3- A 34-year-old woman eating in a restaurant, about 30 min later she feels the urge to defecate Which of the following reflexes results in the urge to defecate when the stomach is stretched? A- Duodenocolic reflex B- Enterogastric reflex C-Gastrocolic reflex D-Intestino-intestinal reflex E- Rectosphincteric 4- Salivary constituent that play a role in killing of bacteria is A-Lysosomes B-IgE C- mucin D-α-amylase E-sodium 5- The ability of saliva to neutralized the gastric acidity that may reflux into esophagus, related to A- Absorption of Na and CL in salivary acini B-Secretion of Na and CL in salivary ducts C-Absorption of bicarbonate and K in the salivary acini D-Secretion of bicarbonate that make the saliva alkaline E- All of above 6- Pariatal cells one of an important gland in stomach, it secretes the following A-hydrochloric acid B-pepsinogen C- Intrinsic factor D-mucus E-A and C 7- Regarding Pepsin Enzyme. Its activity decreases when PH exceeds A-1 B-3.2 C-1.5 D-5 E-2.3 8- The characteristics of pancreas secretion A- It is rich in bicarbonate but poor in enzyme B- Its pH is lower than 7 C- In response to secretin secretion is low in bicarbonate D-Contains enzymes that digest fat, proteins and carbohydrates. E-Contains enzymes that convent disaccharides to monosaccharides 9- Which of the functions below is NOT performed by the liver in adult human? A-production of RBCs B-synthesis of lipoproteins to transport fatty acids C- deamination of amino acids to form keto-acids D-conversion of non-carbohydrate molecules to glucose E-Production of coagulation factor 10- The composition of bile is A-Contains enzymes required for digestion of fat B-Contains conjugated bilirubin C-high concentration of cholesterol D-Pigments contain Iron E-Becomes more acidic during storage in the gall bladder 11- enterochromaffin-like cells (ECL cells) is an important cell, enterochromaffin-like cells (ECL cells) secrete A-ACh B-Gastrin C- pepsinogen D-Histamine E-All of the above 12- Regarding Protein Digestion. It has the ability to digest the protein collagen which is rich is aromatic amino acids and required acidic conditions for digestion.......... A-Trypsin B- Pepsin C- Elastase D-Carboxypolypeptidase E-Chymotrypsin 13. Q 20-Most cholesterol in the diet is in the form of cholesterol esters, which are combinations of free cholesterol and one molecule of fatty acid. Phospholipids also contain fatty acid within their molecules. Cholesterol ester in digested by ………………….enzyme, and phospholipid digested by.............Enzyme A-Lipase, phospholipase AZ C-phospholipase A2, Lipase B-cholesterol ester hydrolase, phospholipase A2 D-phospholipase A2, cholesterol ester hydrolase E-cholesterol ester hydrolase, phospholipase D 14- Enterocyte have different types of digestive enzymes. These enzymes include all of the following Except: A-Amylase B-maltase C-lactase D-galactase E-Oligosaccharidase 15- A clinical experiment is conducted in which one group of subjects is given 50 grams of glucose intravenously and another group is given 50 grams of glucose orally. Which factor can explain why the oral glucose load is cleared from the blood at a faster rate compared with the Intravenous glucose load? A-CCK-induced insulin release B-CCK-Induced vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) release C-GIP-induced glucagon release D-GIP-induced insulin release E-VIP-induced GIP release 16. Concerning digestion and absorption of ingested oral meal. Bile salts are essential for absorption of fat because they: A-solubilize & emulsify dietary lipids in micelles B-increase surface tension C- are hydrophobic D-solubilize & depredate proteins E-stimulate insulin secretion 17- Which sections of the gut perform the majority of the digestion of food and absorption of the digested products? A-stomach and duodenum B-duodenum and jejunum C-Jejunum and cecum D-Rectum E-ascending colon and transverse colon 18- Concerning blood cells physiology, which of the following cells do NOT have a nucleus? A-Erythrocytes B-Granulocytes C-Leukocytes D- Monocytes E-Lymphocytes 19- erythrocyte is very important cells in the blood, the following Information are true about erythrocyte EXCEPT A-it transport O2 from the lung to the tissue B-The quantity of RBC in female more than male C-Its buffering blood PH D-it shape is: biconcave disks E-Normal amount of Hb in the cell: 34g/100ml of cells 20- Regarding Type of Anemia Megaloblastic anemia is related to: A- Blood loss B-lack of functioning bone marrow C-vitamin B12 deficiency D-Intrinsic factor deficiency E-C and D 21. WBCs is very important cells in the blood, the following information are true about WBC EXCEPT A-WBCs are the mobile units of the body's protective system. B-The importance (value) of WBCs is their transport to areas of serious infection and inflammation, thus providing a rapid and potent defense against infectious agents. C-Granulocytes and monocytes and B-lymphocytes are formed in the bone marrow. D-It is called leucocytes. E-WBC life span is 120 days 22. Which of the following best describes the mechanism for fructose movement across the luminal cell membrane of an enterocyte in a normal adult human? a- Endocytosis b- Exocytosis c- Facilitated diffusion d- Passive diffusion e- Primary active transport 23. Iron is absorbed in the duodenum via a- Passive diffusion b- DMTI transporter c- Active transport by transferrin d- Lipid micelles e- Chylomicron formation 24. Which of the following is NOT a plasma protein? a- Albumins b- Globulins c- Fibrinogen d- collagen e- Transferrin 25, according to protein digestion, Pepsins hydrolyze the bonds between ……. and a second amino acid a-lysine b-tyrosine c- glycine d-arginine e-alanine 26- According to protein digestion, the example of endopeptidases is a-trypsin b- lipase c- gastrin d-pepsin e-chymotrypsin 27. Which of the following describes a physiological action of CCK? a) Enhancing esophageal motility d) Causing contraction of b) Closing the sphincter of pancreatic acini Oddi e) Increases enzyme secretion c) Stimulating bile synthesis from the pancreas 28. Persons with type…….. blood are "universal Doners" a-A- b-B+ c-O+ d-O- 29. The liver is the largest gland in the body and is essential for life because it performs a wide range of functions. Which of the following is correct regarding its role? a) Its functions include biochemical and metabolic processes, removing harmful substances from the body, and excreting drug metabolites. b) It serves as the secondary point of processing for most nutrients absorbed across the gut wall. c) The liver produces a limited amount of protein that is supplied to the blood. d) The liver synthesizes bile, which primarily aids in the absorption of proteins. e) Blood from the intestines and other visceral organs reaches the liver via the hepatic vein. 30. All of the following statements about carbohydrate absorption are true EXCEPT: a) Starch digestion starts in the mouth. b) The end product of starch digestion is glucose. c) Glucose is absorbed from the gastric epithelial of stomach cells by active transport. d) Fructose is absorbed by facilitated diffusion. e) Insulin has little effect on intestinal transport of sugars.