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Questions and Answers
What is the role of atropine in preventing peristalsis throughout the gut?
What is the role of atropine in preventing peristalsis throughout the gut?
Which reflex is important for initiating peristalsis in the stomach?
Which reflex is important for initiating peristalsis in the stomach?
What reflex is triggered by the stretching of the stomach to induce the urge to defecate?
What reflex is triggered by the stretching of the stomach to induce the urge to defecate?
Which salivary constituent is primarily responsible for killing bacteria?
Which salivary constituent is primarily responsible for killing bacteria?
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What is the primary secretion role of parietal cells in the stomach?
What is the primary secretion role of parietal cells in the stomach?
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What is the primary function of enterochromaffin-like cells (ECL cells)?
What is the primary function of enterochromaffin-like cells (ECL cells)?
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Which enzyme is responsible for digesting cholesterol esters?
Which enzyme is responsible for digesting cholesterol esters?
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Which statement about bile is incorrect?
Which statement about bile is incorrect?
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Which digestive enzyme effectively breaks down collagen?
Which digestive enzyme effectively breaks down collagen?
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What role do bile salts play in the absorption of dietary lipids?
What role do bile salts play in the absorption of dietary lipids?
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What is the primary reason for the quicker clearance of oral glucose compared to intravenous glucose?
What is the primary reason for the quicker clearance of oral glucose compared to intravenous glucose?
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Which of the following enzymes is NOT typically found in enterocytes?
Which of the following enzymes is NOT typically found in enterocytes?
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Which section of the gut is primarily involved in the digestion and absorption of nutrients?
Which section of the gut is primarily involved in the digestion and absorption of nutrients?
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Which of the following blood cells do NOT have a nucleus?
Which of the following blood cells do NOT have a nucleus?
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Which statement about erythrocytes is false?
Which statement about erythrocytes is false?
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What condition is megaloblastic anemia primarily associated with?
What condition is megaloblastic anemia primarily associated with?
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Which of the following statements about WBCs is NOT true?
Which of the following statements about WBCs is NOT true?
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How does fructose move across the luminal cell membrane of an enterocyte?
How does fructose move across the luminal cell membrane of an enterocyte?
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Iron absorption in the duodenum occurs through which transporter?
Iron absorption in the duodenum occurs through which transporter?
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Which of the following is NOT classified as a plasma protein?
Which of the following is NOT classified as a plasma protein?
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Which type of blood is considered the 'universal donor'?
Which type of blood is considered the 'universal donor'?
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Study Notes
Online Quiz Questions (12-1-2025)
- Atropine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist, prevents gut peristalsis by paralyzing cholinergic nerve endings in the myenteric plexus, not by physical or chemical irritation.
- The vago-vagal reflex in the stomach initiates peristalsis and secondary contraction waves, not relaxation or other functions. A 34-year-old woman experiencing the urge to defecate 30 minutes after eating likely corresponds to the gastrocolic reflex.
- Salivary lysosomes play a role in killing bacteria, not mucin, a-amylase, or sodium.
- Saliva neutralizes gastric acid reflux, primarily through bicarbonate secretion, not absorption of sodium, chloride, or bicarbonate.
- Parietal cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor.
- Pepsin enzyme activity decreases when the pH exceeds 3.2.
- Pancreatic secretion is rich in bicarbonate, not enzymes, and its pH is alkaline.
- The liver does not produce red blood cells (RBCs).
- Bile contains conjugated bilirubin, cholesterol, and essential enzymes for fat digestion, not enzymes required for digestion of other nutrients.
- Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells secrete histamine.
- Trypsin is a major enzyme aiding in protein digestion, specifically involving aromatic amino acids in acidic conditions.
- Cholesterol ester hydrolase and phospholipase A2 digest cholesterol esters and phospholipids, respectively.
- Pancreatic enzymes, like amylase, maltase, and lactase, aid in carbohydrate digestion.
- Oral glucose is absorbed faster than intravenous glucose due to GIP-induced insulin release.
- Bile salts facilitate fat absorption by emulsifying and solubilizing fats into micelles.
- The majority of digestion and absorption occurs in the duodenum and jejunum.
- Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, lack a nucleus.
- Erythrocytes transport oxygen, buffer blood pH, and have a biconcave disc shape.
- Normal hemoglobin (Hb) in red blood cells is approximately 34g/100ml of cells.
- Megaloblastic anemia is related to vitamin B12 deficiency and intrinsic factor deficiency.
- White blood cells (WBCs) are part of the body's immune system, providing rapid defense against infections and inflammation.
- Transport of fructose into enterocytes via facilitated diffusion.
- Iron absorption occurs in the duodenum via DMT1 transporter.
- Plasma proteins, like albumin, globulins, and fibrinogen, are vital components of blood.
- Pepsin hydrolyzes peptide bonds between certain amino acids during protein digestion.
- Examples of endopeptidases for protein digestion are pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin.
- Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates contraction of pancreatic acinar cells and increases enzyme secretion, not closing sphincter of Oddi, regulating esophageal motility, or stimulating bile synthesis.
- Persons with type O negative blood are considered universal donors.
- The liver plays critical roles in processing nutrients and removing waste.
- Amylase, an important enzyme in carbohydrate digestion, begins in the mouth. The end product of starch digestion is glucose. Glucose is absorbed through active transport from the intestinal cells, fructose through facilitated diffusion. Insulin has little effect on intestinal transport of sugars.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the physiology of digestion with questions covering key concepts such as muscarinic receptors, the gastrocolic reflex, and the functions of salivary components. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of digestive processes and their mechanisms.
