Baby Food & Development Guide PDF

What can babies not drink until 6 months old? Why? Can’t drink water Water doesn’t have any nutrients, nutritionally useless How many times a day should newborn babies be fed? 8-12 redesign per day Every 2-3 hours How big is a newborn baby’s stomach? size of a cherry What is colost...

What can babies not drink until 6 months old? Why? Can’t drink water Water doesn’t have any nutrients, nutritionally useless How many times a day should newborn babies be fed? 8-12 redesign per day Every 2-3 hours How big is a newborn baby’s stomach? size of a cherry What is colostrum? aka liquid gold Baby first vaccine Filled with antibodies, produced by mother Baby should be fed first hour born, to protect from infections Why might breast milk come in different colours? (ie: green, deep yellow, or pink/red) change to different colours because of mother’s diet Change to green ○ Mother eating lots of green coloured food Spinach Kale Change to deep yellow ○ A lot of fat in the milk ○ Eating yellow-orange foods Carrots Squash ○ Freezing breast milk ○ Drinking orange soda/drinks Change to pink/red ○ Eating red food items ○ A little bit of blood in the milk When do babies start getting their teeth? 6-12 months after birth What should you do with their food to ensure they don’t choke on it? Food should be blended or mashed How should you introduce potential allergens? do it slowly One at a time How many major food allergens are there (that we covered)? 8 major allergens Milk Eggs Fish Crustacean Shellfish Tree nuts Peanuts Wheat Soybeans Why shouldn’t ‘treat’ foods be used as rewards? bring association these foods bring joy Result in eating one’s feelings later in life Eaten in moderation, don’t make a big deal Can be part of balance diet How many food groups were on the old food guide? The new one? Old food guide: 4 food groups ○ Vegetable/fruits ○ Grain products ○ Milk and alternative ○ Meat and alternative New guide: 3 food groups ○ Vegetables and fruits ○ Grains ○ Protein foods Which food group should we eat the most of? The least of? Should eat the most; vegetables and fruits Least: grains and protein(maybe not protein) Why should toddlers not eat popcorn or marshmallows unsupervised? Can choke on them ○ Because they’re small, hard, round, or sticky Cut into smaller pieces What strategies do companies use to catch the attention of children? (4 methods) bright colors and character targeted media freebies and collectables Peer influence ○ fomo Which country has banned all cartoon characters on food products? mexico What are nutrition warnings? Why is the visual element important? under the nutrition label, there is often a warning stating that the product may contain allergens such as nuts and soy to warn those with allergies because you can see green and red ○ green meaning good ○ red meaning bad What are the four strategies of product placement? show the product Talk about the product Use the product Talk about and use product Where are the products with the highest profit margin placed in-store? cash register What is meant by “eye-level is buy level”? if they are able to see it, they are more inclined to buy or ask someone to buy it for them What is sensory, constructive, imaginative, and physical play? sensory play ○ develop tactile and sensory awareness playing with sand and water books with various textures constructive play ○ foster critical thinking and creativity using building blocks using art supplies physical play ○ improve coordination and health running climbing jumping riding bike swimming imaginative play ○ foster storytelling abilities and social skills role play with dolls pretend cooking Know seven stage of development (in relation to play) – specifically what types of toys would be best of children at those stages hand to mouth ○ rattle ○ soft toys toddling ○ push-pull toys ○ ride on toys ○ blocks exploring ○ picture books ○ large size puzzle pretending ○ dress up clothes ○ pop up books ○ dolls ○ house/shop center creative ○ books ○ costumes ○ clay ○ crafts ○ building materials active ○ skates ○ skis ○ battery operated toys l ○ cookbooks mastery ○ sport equipment ○ computer ○ hobby supplies ○ mystery books Define solitary, onlooker, parallel, cooperative, and symbolic play. Solitary - children play by themselves Onlooker - watching other child play, may or may not join eventually Parallel - children play side by side with different toys Cooperative - children play together in structured games with rules Symbolic - spontaneous play; use toys or objects to represent something very different What does it mean to develop ‘discrimination’ in relation to play? understating the difference between… ○ shapes  ○ sizes ○ and patterns Know the 4 major safety guidelines for toys. age recommendations and warning labels regularly check toys for damage, discard broke ones supervise play with small parts ensure toys meet safety standards How many minutes of activity are elementary school students required to have in-school per day as dictated by government policy? minimum 20 min per day ○ DPA What role does physical activity (or the lack of it) play in obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer? Lack of physical activity can lead to health issues Obesity is linked to heart disease, diabetes, joint problems and asthma Cancer can be caused from a lack of physical activity Understand the importance of child-proofing, and what needs to be child-proofed Children are clumsy and nosey Potential hazards need to be childproof Child-proof ○ Sharp corners ○ Lock unsafe doors ○ Electrical outlets ○ Cabinets and drawers, need to be child locked Could fall onto them ○ Colouring plants with dirt Kids will eat the dirt Children naturally mimic most things that parents or older siblings do. How might this mimicry back-fire? (hint: ****) Copying what you do like, ○ Swearing ○ Kicking ○ Pushing ○ idk What is an I-message? A way to verbalize your feelings ○ constructive or ○ positive You should know how to identify and write an I-message State how you feel about behaviour State what child did State consequences State appropriate behaviour for situation What is circle time? Held most preschools and elementary schools Teach read to group of students Student can answer questions about book, play ○ Do book-based activities What are effective strategies when reading to children? Point to words on page and connect to picture Read slowly and expressively ○ Character voices Ask open ended questions Have child ○ Finish sentences ○ Repeat words ○ Sound out words How does emergent curriculum flip that standard teacher-student learning relationship? Teacher see emerging interest in students Teacher brainstorm ways for students to study topic Student interest change, process begins again What are the two types of child care in Ontario? Licensed child care providers ○ Has child care centre ○ Overseen by licensed agencies Unlicensed child care providers ○ Can operate independently, but follow specific rules ○ Parent must be informed about licensed facility What is the ratio of adults to children in each setting? Age Ratio of adult - children Infants (18 month below) 3-10 Toddlers (18 - 30 m) 1-5 Preschool (30 months - 6 yr old) 1-8  Kindergarten (44 months - 7yr old) 1-13 Primary + junior school age (68 months - 13 yr old) 1-15 Junior school age (9 - 13 yr old) 1-20 What are two things people need to do before working with children? (Hint: CRC and CPR) Vulnerable sector check, from the police CPR-C and AED certification How is fluency defined? Speaking, listening, writing and reading skills Undering humour in a language or thinking in a language ○ Signs of verbal fluency What is unconscious bias? Unconscious biases are stereotypes about certain groups of people formed beyond our conscious awareness What is a disability? Disabilities are severe or prolonged impairments in mental of physical functions Accommodations should be considered carefully to ensure proper integration of the child What is the duty to report? If you have a reason to suspect the abuse, you have to report it Could be fined up to $5000 for not reporting It is not the responsibility of the person reporting it to prove abuse - only to report it What are the differences between physical, emotional, and sexual abuse? What is the one commonality? Physical - Includes harming one’s body, or failing to properly supervise and make sure the child is physically safe. Includes hitting, burning, kicking, physical assault Emotional - Includes harming a child through verbal or psychological attack, or failing to protect them from emotional harm. Ex. Threatening, bullying Sexual - Sexual molestation of a child; using a child for sexual purposes (ie: human trafficking), or failing to protect a child from sexual abuse. Ex. prostitution, pornography What is neglect? Family violence? Failing to provide the necessities of life, including food, water, shelter, clothing, and health care, leaving young child alone with no supervision  An abuse of power in a relationship, or failing to protect a child from witnessing violence between a caregiver and his/her partner Children who witness are also victims (psychological and emotionally) How might cultural norms cause tension between family members? Children may continue to respect many norms present in their families, while adopting others present in others they meet at school New values can cause tension between family members How might cultural norms cause miscommunications between child and caregiver? Some cultures (like some First Nations) consider it disrespectful for children to look directly at an adult BUT a caregiver may interpret the lack of eye contact as a sign of dishonesty