Cellular Injury - Nursing 302 Week 3

Cellular Injury Nursing 302: Week One  Injury to components of a cells can lead to disease as the cells lose their ability to adapt. Cell injury may result from any of several intrinsic or extrinsic causes and may be classified as: Toxic, infectious, physical, or deficit. Toxic Injur...

Cellular Injury Nursing 302: Week One  Injury to components of a cells can lead to disease as the cells lose their ability to adapt. Cell injury may result from any of several intrinsic or extrinsic causes and may be classified as: Toxic, infectious, physical, or deficit. Toxic Injury Caused by factors outside the body (endrogenous factors) or outside the body (exogenous factors). Endrogenous Factors Genetically determined metabolic errors, gross malformations, hypersensitivity reactions. Exogenous Factors Alcohol, lead, carbon monoxide, cigarette smoke, pesticides, carcinogens, chemo therapeutic agents, immunosuppressive drugs. Deficit Injury When a deficit of water, oxygen, or nutrients occurs or if constant temperature and adequate water disposal aren’t maintained, cellular synthesis can't take place. A lack of just one of these basic requirements can cause cell disruption or death. Physical Injury Results from a disruption in cell or in the relationships of the intracellular organelles (such as mitochondria, nuclei, lysosomes, and ribosomes). Two major types: Thermal (electric or radiation). Mechanical (trauma or surgery). Infectious Injury Viral, fungal, protazoal, and bacterial organisms can cause cell injury or death. These organisms can affect cell integrity, usually by interfering with cell synthesis, producing mutant cells. HIV kills T-cells and inserts its own RNA into the T-cell DNA. The T-cell cannot defend the body anymore and acts as a factory of making more HIV