Nervous System Cells PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by FortuitousJasper4429
Tags
Summary
These notes provide an overview of the cells within the nervous system. They include descriptions of neurons and glial cells with points about their respective roles and functions. The information is presented in a clear and concise manner, facilitating learning of the subject matter.
Full Transcript
1 Cells of the Nervous System Neurons are the basic structural and functional units of the nervous system. ▹ Receive, integrate, and transmit information ▹ Operate through electrical impulses ▹ Communicate with other neurons through chemical signals Glial Cells accou...
1 Cells of the Nervous System Neurons are the basic structural and functional units of the nervous system. ▹ Receive, integrate, and transmit information ▹ Operate through electrical impulses ▹ Communicate with other neurons through chemical signals Glial Cells account for about half of the volume of the nervous system. ▹ Support neurons (provide physical support as well as nutrients) ▹ Cover neurons with myelin ▹ Clean up debris ▹ “Housewives” 2 Astrocytes Astrocytes regulate external environment (ions, etc.). They are the most abundant glial cell. They may contribute to blood-brain barrier and to synapses. 3 Nerves Nerves are tissues that individual neurons are organized into. Bundles of neurons are grouped together and surrounded by protective connective tissue. They extend neurons throughout the PNS. ▹ Some carry information from sensory receptors ▹ Other carry information to the muscles or glands. 4 Neurons Sensory Neurons Interneurons Motor Neurons 5 6 Nerve Impulse Pathway 7 Reflex Arc A reflex arc is a simple connection of neurons that explains reflexive behaviours. Unlearned and involuntary responses that allow your body to react rapidly in times of danger, even before you are consciously aware of a threat. Use very few neurons to transmit messages ▹ rapid, ~50 milliseconds 8 Withdrawal Reflex
