Module 4 - Genetic Modification Of Crops - Precision Farming And Sustainable Agriculture PDF

Module IV - Genetic Modification of Crops, Precision Farming & Sustainable Agriculture Indumathi Sathisaran, BSED, NIT Calicut.  Genetic Modification of Crops Involves addition of a specific stretch of DNA into the plant's genome,...

Module IV - Genetic Modification of Crops, Precision Farming & Sustainable Agriculture Indumathi Sathisaran, BSED, NIT Calicut.  Genetic Modification of Crops Involves addition of a specific stretch of DNA into the plant's genome, giving it new or different characteristics. - Transfection is the process of introducing naked or purified gene into plant cells. - Transgenic crops are crops that contains the foreign gene. https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/projects/gm-plants/what-is-gm-and-how-is-it-done/(Accessed on 27_08_2023). Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 2  Genetically Modified (GM) /Transgenic Crops Bt Brinjal Golden Rice Bt Cotton Source gene – Bt gene from Source gene - Phytoene synthase Source gene – Bt gene from Bacillus thuringiensis gene from Zea mays and Carotene Bacillus thuringiensis desaturase gene from common soil bacterium https://www.isaaa.org/kc/cropbiotechupdate/article/default.asp?ID=18732 (Accessed on 27_08_2023). https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/scitech/science/800840/philippines-approves-commercial-use-of-genetically-engineered-golden- rice/story/ (Accessed on 27_08_2023). https://blog.frontiersin.org/2018/09/28/gm-agriculture-mexico-cotton-environment/ (Accessed on 27_08_2023). Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 3 Genetically Modified (GM) /Transgenic Crops ‘Flavr Savr’ tomato Bt corn Source gene - a reversed Source gene – Bacillus antisense polygalacturonase gene thuringiensis gene Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 4 Genetic Modification of Crops - Benefits GM crops facilitates increase in yield. Improved shelf-life and increased fungal resistance (Ex. ‘Flavr Savr’ tomatoes). GM crops are less dependent on pesticides and insecticides (Ex. Bt cotton). GM crops have enhanced nutritional content (Ex. Golden rice). These crops have been engineered to have decreased post-harvest losses (Ex. ‘Flavr Savr’ tomatoes). Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 5 Disadvantages of GM Crops Cultivation is expensive. More inclined towards marketization of farming than on human benefits. GM crops can impose a human health risks since the genes are altered. GM crops can affect the natural process of gene flow. Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 6 Precision Farming A farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. Also known as precision agriculture, satellite agriculture, as-needed farming and site-specific crop management (SSCM). Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 7 Precision Farming Cycle https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/precision-agriculture (Accessed on 26_08_2023). Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 8 Components of Precision Farming Information Technology Management https://www.agrivi.com/blog/precision-farming/ (Accessed on 26_08_2023). Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 9 5 R’s of Precision Farming Right Right Right input amount place Right Right time manner Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 10 Applications for Precision Farming Agricultural mapping and field scouting. Soil sampling and analysis. Weather monitoring. Labor management. Equipment management. https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/precision-agriculture-precision-farming (Accessed on 26_08_2023). Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 11 Challenges with Precision Farming Data management. Integration of all the different data sources. Equipment and software required for precision agriculture can be expensive. https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/precision-agriculture-precision-farming (Accessed on 26_08_2023). Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 12 Sustainable Agriculture Farming in such a way to protect the environment, aid and expand natural resources and to make the best use of nonrenewable resources. Also known as ‘Sustainable Farming’. https://www.nal.usda.gov/farms-and-agricultural-production-systems/sustainable-agriculture(Accessed on 28_08_2023) Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 13  Different Parts of Sustainable Agriculture https://www.nal.usda.gov/farms-and-agricultural-production-systems/sustainable-agriculture(Accessed on 28_08_2023) Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 14  Components of Sustainable Agriculture https://www.nal.usda.gov/farms-and-agricultural-production-systems/sustainable-agriculture(Accessed on 28_08_2023) Indumathi Sathisaran 04-12-2024 15