Modul English Conversations 2020-2021 PDF
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Uploaded by NobleTortoise6134
Subang International Hotel Institute
2021
SIHI
Reisa Laksmi Riani
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Summary
This document is an English conversation module for hotel students. The module covers various aspects of conversation, including greetings, introductions, giving and asking information, and more. It is designed for a short course, focusing on 70% practical application, and is suitable for professional development in the hospitality industry.
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REISA RIANI, S.Pd. ENGLISH CONVERSATION KODE PROGRAM PELATIHAN: SIHI/EC /20-21/01 SIHI SUBANG INTERNATIONAL HOTEL INSTITUTE 2020 Preface Based on...
REISA RIANI, S.Pd. ENGLISH CONVERSATION KODE PROGRAM PELATIHAN: SIHI/EC /20-21/01 SIHI SUBANG INTERNATIONAL HOTEL INSTITUTE 2020 Preface Based on the government regulations and guidance of education system, a training or course of in-formal sector, it is necessary to adapt and develop its quality in running the program. This module is constructed to meet the standard of national work competency frame especially in English Conversation. The writer has tried her best to accomplish this module at frame standard on the needs of English Conversation which needed by hotel students. Every unit on this module contains the objective learning and learning assessment that both sides between instructor and students would engage and aware the expected targets of learning and studying processes at the same quality. The contents of this module take much of knowledge/ summaries needed where they could support students in doing their English Conversation Practice sessions. This construction is expected in fulfilment of our curriculum which focuses on 30% theory and 70 % dry practice. Why do we apply it? The curriculum is obviously aware of the system of short course target. In the long run, the writer would like to thank you to all sides that help to present this module. Subang, July 2019 Writer Reisa Laksmi Riani Table of Contents EXPRESSION 1 Greeting.......................................................................................................... 1 EXPRESSION 2 Introduce Yourself and Others....................................................................... 2 EXPRESSION 3 Time & Calculation......................................................................................... 3 A. TALKING ABOUT TIME........................................................................................................ 3 B. CALCULATION....................................................................................................................... 6 EXPRESSION 4 How to Describe Objects............................................................................... 8 A. HOW TO DESCRIBE OBJECTS.................................................................................... 8 B. EXPLAINING STEPS IN AN INSTRUCTION (HOW TO…)........................................ 10 EXPRESSION 5 Asking and Giving Information..................................................................... 12 A. ASKING FOR INFORMATION........................................................................................... 12 Yes / No Questions........................................................................................................... 12 WH- Questions................................................................................................................. 14 B. GIVING INFORMATION...................................................................................................... 16 C. DIALOGUE USING EXPRESSION OF ASKING AND GIVING INFORMATION........ 16 EXPRESSION 6 Telephoning................................................................................................. 19 EXPRESSION 7 Asking & Offering Help................................................................................. 23 A. ASKING FOR HELP............................................................................................................ 23 B. GIVING HELP....................................................................................................................... 23 C. MAKING OFFERS................................................................................................................ 23 D. RESPONSE.......................................................................................................................... 24 EXPRESSION 8 Asking & Giving Suggestion........................................................................ 25 A. ASKING FOR SUGGESTION............................................................................................. 25 B. GIVING SUGGESTION....................................................................................................... 25 C. ACCEPTING SUGGESTIONS........................................................................................... 25 D. REFUSING SUGGESTIONS.............................................................................................. 26 EXPRESSION 9 Apologizing................................................................................................... 27 EXPRESSION 10 Complaint................................................................................................... 28 EXPRESSION 11 Gratitude.................................................................................................... 30 EXPRESSION 12 Opinion....................................................................................................... 31 A. ASKING FOR OPINIONS:.................................................................................................. 31 B. GIVING OPINIONS:............................................................................................................. 31 C. AGREE & DISAGREE......................................................................................................... 32 EXPRESSION 14 How to Give Instructions & Directions....................................................... 33 A. THE INSTRUCTIONS.......................................................................................................... 33 B. DIRECTIONS........................................................................................................................ 35 EXPRESSION 15 Making Appointment.................................................................................. 41 EXPRESSION 16 Prohibition.................................................................................................. 43 EXPRESSION 17 Giving Bad & Good News.......................................................................... 45 EXPRESSION 1 Greeting After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Greet people in formal way Greet people in informal way How do you say Hello in English? Besides some simple greeting words such as “Hello” or “Hi”, there are many different ways to say hello to someone in English. Here are some common greeting expressions that you can use when you meet someone. General greetings (Formal) General greetings (Informal) Hello Hi Good morning/ Good afternoon/ Good Hey evening What’s up? How are you? How’s it going? How are you doing? How have you been? Nice to meet you What’s new? It’s nice to meet you What’s going on? I’m pleased to meet you. How are things? It’s a pleasure to meet you. How’s your day? I’m glad to see you. How’s your day going? How do you do? Good to see you. Greeting someone you haven’t seen for a Useful responses when greeting people long time. I’m doing very well, thank you. And you? Long time no see. I’m fine, thank you. It’s been a while. Great, thanks. How are you? It’s been a long time. Not bad. You? It’s been such a long time. Couldn’t be better? How about you? It’s been too long. Wonderful, thank you. I’m so happy to see you again. Wow, it’s so good to see you again! What have you been up to? EXERCISE Greet someone that you’ve never known before Greet your friend English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 1 EXPRESSION 2 Introduce Yourself and Others After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Introduce yourself Introduce someone else There are many different ways to introduce yourself and other people in English. Here are some common phrases and expressions often used: Introducing yourself Hello. My name is … Hi. I’m … Nice to meet you. I’m … Pleased to meet you. I’m … It’s a pleasure to see you. I’m… May I introduce myself? I’m… How do you do? My name is… Let me introduce myself. I’m … I’d like to introduce myself. I’m … Introducing others: Useful responses John, I’d like to when introducing introduce you to Mary. yourself or other John, please meet people: Mary. Nice to meet you. John, I’d like you to I’m pleased to meet meet Mary. you. John, have you met It’s a pleasure to meet Mary? you. John, let me introduce Glad to meet you. you to Mary. How do you do? John, this is Mary. Mary, this is John. EXERCISE Now, try to make a simple, short dialogue with your partner, talking about introducing each other in English. Then, try to introduce your partner to the other person. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 2 EXPRESSION 3 Time & Calculation After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Listen to catch what time it is according to information given on an audio file Write the time and calculation correctly based on the situation Say the time and calculation correctly based on the situation Apply the time and calculation vocabularies correctly in a conversation. A. TALKING ABOUT TIME Here are some common sentences and expressions you can use when talking about time in English: - What time is it? - It’s too late now. - What’s the time? - My watch is stopped. - Could you tell me the time? - My watch is slow. - Do you know what time it is? - Don’t waste your time doing nothing. - How long have you been waiting? - I didn’t think it was so late. - Do you have free time this - We have plenty of time. afternoon? - Give me a little more time. - What time can we meet? - It’s time to leave. - What should we do to kill time? - It’s almost time to go home. - It’s ten o’clock. - Time went by so fast. - It’s midnight. - The supermarket opens at 9 a.m. - It’s 6 A.M now. - The class starts at 8 in the morning. - See you at 8 P.M. - I can’t tell you exactly what time we will arrive. GENERAL CONCEPT OF A CLOCK To say time in English, here’s the formula: Minute(s) + past/ to + hour 1 to 30 minutes : past 31 to 59 minutes : to Mention the minutes first, then ‘past’ or ‘to’, and the hour For example : 07:25 Read : 25 past 7 (twenty-five past seven) English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 3 1. When to use o'clock o'clock (abbreviation: of the clock) only on the hour 2. Quarter past and to Quarter → 15 minutes half → 30 minutes 3. The minutes Multiplies of 5: leave out the word minutes (but: 6.01 → It's one minute past 6.) Examples: Timetables, Analogue Digital Normal Use Hints TV, etc. 6:00 It's 6 o'clock. 6:05 It's 5 past 6. It's six oh five. past and the It's 6:15 previous It's six fifteen. quarter past 6. hour (here: 6) 6:30 It's half past 6. It's six thirty. to and the following It's six thirty- 6:35 It's 25 to 7. hour (here: five. 7) English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 4 Timetables, Analogue Digital Normal Use Hints TV, etc. It's quarter to It's six forty- 6:45 seven. five. It's six fifty- 6:55 It's 5 to 7. five. 7:00 It's 7 o'clock. The 12-hour-system in English In English there is no 24-hour-system (sometimes it is used on TV and in timetables). 15:00 is 3 o'clock (p.m.) (on TV: fifteen hundred). That's why you use a.m. (Latin: ante meridiem) and p.m. (post meridiem) in situations where it is necessary to point out that you want to say in the morning or in the evening. In other situations (or when it is clear that school starts in the morning and the party in the evening) it is left out. 24 hours 12 hours 0:00 Midnight 0:01 12:01 am 8:00 8:00 am 12:00 Noon 12:01 12:01 pm 14:00 2 pm 18:00 6 pm 23:59 11:59 pm English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 5 B. CALCULATION 10 + 5 = 15 Ten plus five equals/is fifteen Ten plus five equals fifteen or Ten plus five is fifteen. 22 - 11 = 11 Twenty-two minus eleven equals/is eleven Twenty-two minus eleven equals eleven, or Twenty-two minus eleven is eleven. 17 x 3 = 51 Seventeen multiplied by three equals/is fifty-one Seventeen multiplied by three equals fifty-one Or Seventeen multiplied by three is fifty-one. 15 ÷ 5 = 3 Fifteen divided by five equals/is three Fifteen divided by five equals three or Fifteen divided by five is three. WRITING TEST Try to say the following time and calculation in English. 1. 16.00 =................................................................................................................................... 2. 3.10 =................................................................................................................................... 3. 4.03 =................................................................................................................................... 4. 17.30 =................................................................................................................................... 5. 6.15 =................................................................................................................................... 6. 12.00 =................................................................................................................................... 7. 10 + 7 = ……................................................................................................................................... English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 6 8. 25 - 13 = ……................................................................................................................................... 9. 2 x 8 = ……................................................................................................................................... 10. 24 : 2 = ……................................................................................................................................... LISTENING TEST Listen to the audio file and write down what you hear. 1. _________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________ 5. _________________________________________________________________ 6. _________________________________________________________________ 7. _________________________________________________________________ 8. _________________________________________________________________ 9. _________________________________________________________________ 10. _________________________________________________________________ English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 7 EXPRESSION 4 How to Describe Objects After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Describe someone/ something using the correct language features Explaining the steps of making something Write the description of a specific objects correctly Apply the description of an object in a conversation Apply the adjectives order and cooking vocabularies correctly in a conversation. A. HOW TO DESCRIBE OBJECTS Learning English means hearing many new words you've never come across before. When you talking to someone and say a word you don't know it's important for you to find out what it is. Here's how we can ask for the meaning of a noun and how we can describe objects. This exercise will help you learn a few useful expressions as well as reviewing your vocabulary. How many of these objects do you know? What's a pen? What's a telescope? It's something we use to write with. It's the tube shaped object we use to see the stars or things that are far away. What's a balloon? It's a brightly colored rubber bag that What's a giraffe? gets bigger when filled with air or It's an African animal that has a very long gas. They are used as party neck. decorations. What's a spoon? It's the thing we use to stir your coffee / it's the thing we use to eat soup with. WARMING UP Now read through these questions and decide which objects are being described. 1) What's a stamp? 2) What's a plate? a. It's the object you wear on your a. It's the colored liquid we use to change wrist that shows you the time. the color of walls. b. It's the small piece of paper we put on b. It's the flying vehicle that has an engine letters before we send them. and wings. c. It's the thing you wear around our c. It's the flat round object we put food on. waists to keep our trousers up. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 8 3) It's the school subject where you learn about 4) It's the spicy, dark powder that's made from the past. crushed seeds we use to flavor food. a. What's biology a. What's sugar b. What's history? b. What's pepper? c. What's geography? c. What's salt? 5) Scissors are the things we use to…. 6) A stethoscope is the thing a doctor uses to.... a. glue paper a. listen to your heart b. fold paper b. check your weight c. cut paper c. look inside your ears Language Features: Specific participant : has a certain object, is not common and unique (only one). for example: Bandengan beach, my house, Borobudur temple, uncle Jim The use of the adjective (an adjective) to clarify the noun, for example: a beautiful beach, a handsome man, the famous place in jepara, etc. The use of simple present tense: The sentence pattern used is simple present because it tells the fact of the object described. Action verb: verbs that show an activity (for example, run, sleep, walk, cut etc….) Adjectives order Words examples Sentences Examples difficult, horrible, easy, beautiful, There is a beautiful girl Opinion important, good, nice It’s an easy question large, tiny, little, big, small, tall, high, She’s a beautiful tall girl Size enormous a big fat dog square, round, flat, rectangular, Shape It’s a new rectangular table annular, triangular Age young, old, ancient, new He’s a kind young man red, black, white, blue, reddish, There are big black clouds Color purple, green, brown floating in the air Lunar, French, Eastern, Greek, Raisa is a popular Indonesian Origin American, Indonesian, Thai singer At my home there is a wooden, metal, cotton, paper, gold, Material beautiful square wooden marble, silk table in the dining room travelling, meeting, sleeping, It’s my mom’s beautiful Purpose/qualifier swimming, touring, weeding wedding dress Is there any object that is unique to your country or culture that native English-speakers might not know? What is its name and what is it used for? Write a sentence describing this object here: ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 9 B. EXPLAINING STEPS IN AN INSTRUCTION (HOW TO…) Language Features: Using Simple Present Tense. Use imperative sentence which is a form of sentence usually used to give orders. Examples don't mix, turn on, cut into slices and so on. Uses connective of sequence (then, while, next, etc.). Use numbering (first, second, third, etc.). Use action verbs. For example, turn, plug, put, etc.). Use adverb. Examples: slowly, carefully, and so on. COOKING VOCABULARIES Here are some vocabularies that you can use for describing steps of cooking. Try to find out the definition of each words from the dictionary and try to apply them in a sentence. 1. ADD : ___________________________ 22. MELT : __________________________ 2. BAKE : __________________________ 23. MICROWAVE : ____________________ 3. BARBECUE : _____________________ 24. MINCE : _________________________ 4. EAT : ____________________________ 25. MIX : ____________________________ 5. BLEND : _________________________ 26. OPEN : __________________________ 6. BOIL : ___________________________ 27. PEEL : __________________________ 7. BREAK : _________________________ 28. POUR : __________________________ 8. BROIL : __________________________ 29. OAST : __________________________ 9. CARVE : _________________________ 30. SAUTÉ : _________________________ 10. CHOP : __________________________ 31. SCRAMBLE : _____________________ 11. COMBINE : _______________________ 32. SIFT : ___________________________ 12. COOK : __________________________ 33. SLICE : __________________________ 13. CRUSH : _________________________ 34. SPRINKLE : ______________________ 14. CUT : ___________________________ 35. SQUEEZE : ______________________ 15. DRAIN : _________________________ 36. STEAM : _________________________ 16. FRY : ___________________________ 37. STIR : ___________________________ 17. GRATE : _________________________ 38. STIR-FRY : _______________________ 18. GREASE : ________________________ 39. TENDERIZE : _____________________ 19. GRILL : __________________________ 40. WASH : _________________________ 20. KNEAD : _________________________ 41. WEIGH : _________________________ 21. MEASURE : ______________________ 42. WHISH : _________________________ EXERCISE Now you know the language and vocabularies you need in describing objects, so it’s time for you to try to describe something/ someone orally (without any script) using the language features and structures of describing objects correctly. (In front of the class or video recorded)* *at least 5 sentences (function, colour, shape, material, steps of making) **you are allowed to add some more things to explain (opinion, age, size, price, etc.) English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 10 English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 11 EXPRESSION 5 Asking and Giving Information After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Listen to get specific and detailed information Write the expression of asking and giving information correctly Apply the expression of asking and giving information correctly in a conversation A. ASKING FOR INFORMATION Asking for information is our expressions to ask questions or to ask about explanations from what we said to someone else, so we get what we asked. Yes/No Question WH- question Using Modal verb Present: Can, Will, Shall, Must, May Past: Could, Would, Should, Had to, Might Using WH-Questions: Using To Be Verb What, When, Who, Where, Why, and Present: Is, Are How Past: Was, Were Using Auxiliary Verb Present: Do, Does Past: Did There are many different ways to form questions. We will look at two kinds of questions. One is called a yes / no question and the other is called a WH- question. Yes / No Questions A yes / no question is a question that can be answered with yes or no. Yes / no questions can be formed using the words is / are or do / does. The most common type of yes / no question is formed by putting a ‘to be verb’ (for example, is or are) at the beginning of a question. Making a Question with a “To Be” Verb English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 12 Example (be-verb: IS) Statement Question Answers Yes, he is. Elliot is reading a book. Is Elliot reading a book? No, he isn't. Example (be-verb: ARE) Statement Question Answers Yes, they are. They are from Greece. Are they from Greece? No, they are not. Another common type of yes / no question is formed by adding do or does at the beginning of a sentence. The form of this kind of yes / no question is: Do / Does + subject +verb* Making a Question with “Do” or “Does” Statement Question Answers Yes, I do. I eat breakfast at 7 a.m. Do you eat breakfast at 7 a.m.? No, I don't. Yes, I do. I listen to music. Do you listen to music? No, I don't. Yes, he does. He doesn't work on the Does he work* on the computer? No, computer. he doesn't. Yes, we do. We don't watch TV every night. Do we watch TV every night? No, we don't. Yes, I do. I start work at 8 p.m. Do you start work at 8 p.m.? No, I don't. Does it take an hour to walk Yes, it does. It takes* an hour to walk home. home? No, it doesn't. * Note that the -s is never added to the verb when using do / does in a question. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 13 WH- Questions Questions can ask for information. You ask for information using WH- question words (who, what, where, how, whose, why, and when). WH- questions have a different structure when "who" is the subject. Information Questions Question WH- Word Structure Answer Where is the hotel? Where question word + The hotel is on Information about auxiliary verb + Douglas Street. place subject What is your What question word + My name is name? Information about auxiliary verb + Rachael. things subject Why is the road Why question word + The road is wet wet? Information about auxiliary verb + because it was just the reason for subject raining. something When do you get When question word + I get up at 7:00 up? Information about auxiliary verb + every morning. time subject (+ verb) How do you drink How question word + I drink my coffee your coffee? Information about auxiliary verb + with milk and the manner or way subject (+ verb) sugar. in which something is done Who lives in that Who (subject) question word + My mother lives in house? Information about verb that house. people Whose pen is this? Whose question word + That is Camilla's Information about subject + verb pen. possession (who the owner is) English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 14 WRITING TEST Make YES/NO questions or WH- questions from each sentence. For WH- questions, make a question which asks about the bold words. (Untuk pertanyaan WH-question, buatlah pertanyaannya sesuai kata yang dicetak tebal/ bold sebagai jawabannya.) 1. The girls like cats. (yes/no) Do the girls like cats? 2. The girls like cats. (WH) What do the girls like? 3. Sue likes cats. (yes/no) _____________________________________________________________________ 4. Sue likes cats. (WH) _____________________________________________________________________ 5. Ann hates Bill. (yes/no) _____________________________________________________________________ 6. Ann hates Bill.(WH) _____________________________________________________________________ 7. Ana went to Nanaimo last weekend. (yes/no) _____________________________________________________________________ 8. Ana went to Nanaimo last weekend. (WH) _____________________________________________________________________ 9. Jose is in the library. (yes/no) _____________________________________________________________________ 10. Jose is in the library. (WH) _____________________________________________________________________ 11. David will make pizza tonight. (yes/no) _____________________________________________________________________ 12. David will make pizza tonight. (WH) _____________________________________________________________________ 13. Sandy cooks well. (yes/no) _____________________________________________________________________ 14. Sandy cooks well. (WH) _____________________________________________________________________ 15. Emily drove to school yesterday. (yes/no) _____________________________________________________________________ 16. Emily drove to school yesterday. (WH) _____________________________________________________________________ 17. Heather will marry Adam because he's rich. (yes/no) _____________________________________________________________________ 18. Heather will marry Adam because he's rich. (WH) _____________________________________________________________________ 19. Ed ate all the food. (yes/no) _____________________________________________________________________ 20. Ed ate all the food. (WH) _____________________________________________________________________ English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 15 There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English. Here are some of the most common: - Could you tell me...? - Excuse me, could you tell me how to get - Could anyone tell me....? to the bus station? - Can you tell me...? - Can you show me on the map? - Do you know...? - Excuse me. Do you know where the - Do you happen to know...? police station is? - I'd like to know... - How far is it to the beach form here? - Could you find out...? - How are you today? - Could you give me some idea of... - Where is Johan? - I'm interested in... - What is in the box? - I'm looking for.. - Who is this? - Have you got an idea of....? - What's your name? - Don't suppose you (would) know...? - Where do you live? - I wonder if you could tell me...? - What time is it? - I wonder if someone could tell me...? - What does your company do? B. GIVING INFORMATION There are some responses, for example: - Yes, it is / was / will... - On your right - Oh yes, I did / Oh no, I didn't. - Turn left and it is beside post office - That's (quite) right. - Not so far, just 1 kilometer from here - No, it isn't really so. - I'm fine - I'm sorry but that isn't correct. - In his room - Well, it's the contrary in fact. - A dozen of book - We provide technical support. - This is Ani - It's this way - I am Johnny C. DIALOGUE USING EXPRESSION OF ASKING AND GIVING INFORMATION Here are some dialogues using expression of asking and giving information. Dialogue 1 A : Excuse me. Can you tell me where the library is? B : Sure. It's in front of the language laboratory Dialogue 2 A : What's the matter with you? B : I've got stomachache A : You should go to the sickbay B : You are right, but where? Can you tell me where it is? A : Sure. It's next to the principal's office B : Thanks English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 16 EXERCISE A. Translate these questions into Bahasa Indonesia. 1. Do you recognize her? __________________________________________________________________ 2. Are you okay? __________________________________________________________________ 3. How do you go to the hotel? __________________________________________________________________ 4. Why do you say like that? __________________________________________________________________ 5. What did you do last night? __________________________________________________________________ 6. When does she come here? __________________________________________________________________ 7. How long have you been here? __________________________________________________________________ 8. What if the sky fell? __________________________________________________________________ 9. How big is your opponent? __________________________________________________________________ 10. Have you exercise today? __________________________________________________________________ B. Translate these questions into English. 1. Kamu lagi apa? __________________________________________________________________ 2. Kamu kemana aja? __________________________________________________________________ 3. Kemarin kamu pergi sama siapa? __________________________________________________________________ 4. Apa yang kamu lakukan selama liburan? __________________________________________________________________ 5. Dimana kah toilet? __________________________________________________________________ 6. Gimana perasanmu sekarang? __________________________________________________________________ 7. Kapan biasanya kamu belajar? __________________________________________________________________ 8. Mengapa kamu memilih bekerja di bidang perhotelan? __________________________________________________________________ 9. Apakah orang tuamu baik-baik saja? __________________________________________________________________ 10. Apakah kamu mau mengerjakan tugas kuliah dengan ku? __________________________________________________________________ English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 17 SPEAKING TEST Make a conversation with your friends/ family 1. Try to ask someone about his/her weekend, then you have to retell his/her story (based on the information you’ve got) 2. Try to ask someone about his/her family, then you have to retell his/her story (based on the information you’ve got) 3. Try to ask someone about how to use Google translate, then you have to retell his/her story (based on the information you’ve got) 4. Try to ask someone about his/her house, then you have to retell his/her story (based on the information you’ve got) 5. Try to ask someone about what he/she is going to do next weekend, then you have to retell his/her story (based on the information you’ve got) English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 18 EXPRESSION 6 Telephoning Speaking on the Telephone at Work After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Listen to get specific and detailed information on the phone Apply the expressions of speaking on the telephone based on different situation TELEPHONING Common Expressions for Speaking on the Telephone at Work Type Formal Informal Hello. This is Susan. (Personal) Hello, thank you for calling [name of company]. This is Susan – how 1. Answering the Hello. can I help you? (Professional) Phone Susan speaking. Good morning (good afternoon), this is Susan. How can I help you? (Professional) Hi. It’s Laure. This is Laure from [company Hi – it’s me. (Use this name]. 2. Greeting and when the other person will Hello. This is Laure. I am calling Introducing recognize your voice. For Yourself about… (your advertisement, example, your mother, information about your services, your best friend, or your to make a reservation, etc.) brother.) Is _______ available? (Example: Is John available?) Is _______ free? May I speak to ________? 3. Asking to (Example: Is John free?) (Example: May I speak to the Speak to Can I talk to ______? doctor?) Someone (Example: Can I talk to I’d like to talk with _______. mom?) (Example: I’d like to talk with Mr. Adams.) English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 19 Can I put you on hold for a moment, please? Would you mind holding for just a moment? If it is ok with you, I am going to Hold on a sec. (Note: put you on hold for a moment. I “Sec” is short for “second” 4. Putting will see if she is available. and is another way to say Someone on “Hold on a moment.”) Hold NOTE: These expressions can also Just a sec. be used when you are not ready to Just a moment. speak in English on the phone. You can use this moment to calm yourself and prepare yourself to speak English. I’m sorry – I didn’t catch that. Could you please repeat yourself? I’m sorry – do you mean to say [identify what you understand]? Just to clarify, you said… I’m sorry. Could you 5. Clarifying and (Example: Just to clarify, you said repeat that? Asking for you were calling from RTR Can you spell that? Repetition Industries?) Would you mind spelling that for me? Would you mind slowing down? Would you mind speaking a little more slowly? I’m sorry. She isn’t available at the moment. Can I take a message for her? If you leave a message, I will be 6. Taking a I’ll let him/her know that sure to get it to him as soon as Message for you called. he is available. Someone Who’s calling, please? She is away at the moment. May I ask who is calling? Would you like me to connect you to his voicemail? Yes. Thank you. Please tell her Selma called. Ask her to call me back at 430.444.4444. No thanks. I’ll call back 7. Leaving a Could you have her return my call later. Message for tomorrow? Yeah, tell him Selma Someone Please tell him I’ll be available on called. Thursday at 9:00. Yes, please put me through to her voicemail. Thank you. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 20 I need to let you go. Thank you for calling. I will make I have a meeting soon so sure to give him the message. I have to run. (Americans Thanks for calling – I have would also say: “I have a 8. Ending Your another phone call so I will need meeting soon so I gotta Call to let you go. run. “Gotta” is short for Thanks for calling and have a “got to” or “have to.“) great day. It was great to chat. I’ll talk to you again soon. People spend a lot of time talking on the phone. Phone calls will be different depending on the situation. For example, a group of friends will use different language on the phone than business associates. Watch two phone conversations to learn how to use both formal and informal English on the phone. Here are the scripts with some explanations: Informal Call Formal Call L : Hello. A : Good afternoon, this is Rachel. How P : Hey is Sasha there? may I help you? L : Uh, yeah. Who’s this? B : Hello. Is Mr. Donny available? P : It’s Peter. A : May I ask who’s calling? L : Hang on just a second (wait a minute). B : My name is Wilson. I’m calling in Sasha, phone’s for you. regards to our meeting this week. S : Who is it? A : Would you mind holding for a minute, L : It’s Peter. Mr. Wilson? S : Hey, what’s up (slang way to say “What B : Not at all. are you doing?”) A : Thanks so much. P : Nothing. Just chillin‘ (relaxing) at home. C : Hello. How bout you? A : Mr. Donny, you have a phone call from S : Just hanging out. a Mr. Wilson about a meeting this week. P : You wanna grab a bite (go out for food)? C : Great. Put him through (transfer the call S : Sure, what were you thinking? to me). Hello, Mr. Wilson. What can I do P : Let’s just go out and find something. I’m for you? down for whatever (I’ll eat anything). B : Hi, Mr. Donny. I was just calling to S : Sounds good… I’m starving (really confirm the details of our meeting. hungry). What’s a good time for you? P : Meet ya down there in ten (minutes)? A : Well I’m pretty swamped (very busy) S : Cool see ya then. tomorrow. How about 10 o’clock on P : Later. Friday? B : I may not be able to make it at ten. Would 10:30 be OK? A : Sure that works for me. I’ll pencil you in (put you on my schedule) for 10:30 on Friday. B : Great. I’m looking forward to it. See you soon. A : Sure… thanks for calling. Take care (have a nice day). English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 21 LISTENING TEST Listen to an audio file given, then answer the following questions: 1. What is the name of the hotel and where is the location of it? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. Where does the man come from? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. What does the man require? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. When will the man be arriving to the hotel? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. How many days the man is going to stay at the hotel? ____________________________________________________________________ 6. How much is the cost for his staying? ____________________________________________________________________ 7. Is there any hidden charges? ____________________________________________________________________ 8. What kind of view the man prefer for his room? ____________________________________________________________________ 9. What is the name of the man? ____________________________________________________________________ 10. How will the booking confirmation be given? ____________________________________________________________________ SPEAKING TEST Make a formal telephone conversation at work with your group (3 people). The first person is going to be a job applicant, another is going to be the receptionist, and the other is going to be a recruiting manager. The situation is, the job applicant want to ask about a job vacancy. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 22 EXPRESSION 7 Asking & Offering Help After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Ask for help Offer something/ help Respond to an offer A. ASKING FOR HELP Response Asking for Help Accepting Declining Could you possibly help me? Could I possibly ask you to help me? I’m sorry, I can’t Okay Would you be willing to help me? Sorry, I can’t do it Yes, I can Could you do me a favor, Sorry, I’m busy No problem please? You better manage it Sure Can you help me, please? on your own Certainly Could you please give me a I’m afraid I can’t do it hand? Etc. B. GIVING HELP I will do it for you Let me help you I’d like to help you Let me give you a hand I’d be happy to help you C. MAKING OFFERS If you want to offer something or to do something for another person in English, you can use below phrases and expressions: Making Offers: Can I…? Let me…(do something) Shall I…? I can…If you’d like Would you like me to…(do something)? I’d be happy to…(do something) Would you like…(something)? May I offer you… (something)? Do you want me to…(do something)? May I help you? Do you want…(something)? I will…If you’d like Dou you need…? What can I do for you? Can I do anything to help? English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 23 Examples: Would you like something to drink? Would you like me to open the door? Can I help you? Can I give you a hand? Let me help you. Would you like me to answer the phone? Do you want some more tea? Do you want me to turn down the TV? Do you need any help? I’d happy to take you to the airport. May I offer you a cup of coffee? D. RESPONSE Accepting Offers: Refusing Offers: Yes, please. No, thanks. Yes, I’d love to. It’s Ok. I can do it myself. Yes. That would be great. Thank you for your kindness but I can do it Yes please, that would be lovely. myself. Yes, if you wouldn’t mind. Don’t worry. I can do it. That’s very kind of you. I appreciate that but I can do it myself. That sounds nice. Thank you. I’d like to. With pleasure, thank you. Yes, please. I really appreciate that. Example: Anita : Hello Ms. Ratu you looks so busy, may I help you? Ms. Ratu : Yes I am. Could you please bring students' homework books in my table? Anita : Sure. Where should I bring it to? Ms Ratu : Please bring the books to your class, and say sorry to your friends that I may come late to the class. Anita : Okay Miss Ratu. Is there anything else? Ms Ratu : No it's enough. Thank you very much for your help Anita. Anita : You’re welcome. EXERCISE Now, try to make a simple, short dialogue with your partner using the expression of asking and offering help/something. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 24 EXPRESSION 8 Asking & Giving Suggestion After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Ask for a suggestion Give a suggestion Respond to a suggestion Here are some common phrases and expressions you can use when asking and giving suggestions in English: A. ASKING FOR SUGGESTION What should I do? Do you have any ideas? Do you have any suggestions for me? Can you tell me what I should do? Do you have any advice for me? Will you give me some suggestion, please? Any idea? Can you give me some advice about…? What do you recommend………? Please tell me what should I do? B. GIVING SUGGESTION You should try to learn English every day. I think you should go home early. Why don’t you join an English club? You’d better wake up early. Let’s have dinner together. What about having a cup of coffee with me? How about going to the cinema? Don’t you think it would be a good idea to have a picnic this Sunday? If I were you, I’d call her. I suggest that you take a nap. You may want to try on this T-shirt. Perhaps you could take an umbrella with you. I strongly advise you to do more work out. I recommend that you get some rest. It’s better for you to sleep a little more. C. ACCEPTING SUGGESTIONS Thanks, I’ll do it. It sounds good. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 25 That sounds like a good idea. Thanks. It’s a good suggestion. I think you’re right. Why didn’t I think of that? D. REFUSING SUGGESTIONS No, I’d rather not. I don’t think so. I don’t feel like it. No, I don’t think it’s a good idea. What a bad idea! Example Jean : Hi Chris, would you like to do something with me this weekend? Chris : Sure. What shall we do? Jean : I don't know. Do you have any ideas? Chris : Why don't we see a film? Jean : That's sounds good to me. Which film shall we see? Chris : Let's see "Action Man 4". Jean : I'd rather not. I don't like violent films. How about going to "Mad Doctor Brown"? I hear it's quite a funny film. Chris : OK. Let's go see that. When is it on? Jean It's on at 8 p.m. at the Rex. Shall we have a bite to eat before the film? Chris : Sure, that sounds great. What about going to that new Italian restaurant Michetti's? Jean : Great idea! Let's meet there at 6. Chris : OK. I'll see you at Michetti's at 6. Bye. Jean : Bye. Chris : See you later! EXERCISE Now, try to make a simple, short dialogue with your partner using the expression of asking and giving suggestions. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 26 EXPRESSION 9 Apologizing After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Do an apology Respond to an apology How to say sorry in English There are many different ways to say sorry in English. Discover some of the most common phrases and expressions to express your apologies as below. Apologies Expressions To accept an apology, you can use these I’m sorry… sentences and expressions: I’m so sorry… That’s all right! I’m very sorry… Don’t worry about it. I’m terribly sorry… Forget it! Sorry, I didn’t mean to do that. No problem. Sorry about that. Never mind. It doesn’t really matter. Can you forgive me? No big thing. I apologize for… It’s not your fault. Please forgive me. Please don’t blame yourself. I owe you an apology. Think nothing of it. You can blame me for this. How should I apologize to you? I beg your pardon. Sorry, it’s my fault. Example Sorry for keeping you waiting. A : Excuse me for being late to work. Sorry, I’m late! B : Where have you been? A : My car broke down. B : That's too bad. Please try to fix it so that it doesn't happen again. A : Yes, I'll work on it. B : Thank you, have a seat. We are working on the new project A : Great! Fill me in. B : Let's take a look at the Campbell Project. A : I don't understand the projected revenues. B : Let's take another look at it for those of you who don't understand. EXERCISE Now, try to make a simple, short dialogue with your partner using the expression of making apologies. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 27 EXPRESSION 10 Complaint After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Make a complaint Respond to a complaint Here are some common phrases and expressions you can use to make a complaint in English: Making a complaint Accepting a complaint Rejecting a complaint I’m sorry to say this but… I’m so sorry, but this Sorry, there is nothing I hate to tell you but… will never happen we can do about it. I’m angry about… again. Sorry but it’s not our I have a complaint to make… I’m sorry, we promise fault. There seems to be a problem never to make the I’m afraid there isn’t with… same mistake again. much we can do I’m afraid there is a slight I can’t tell you how about it. problem with… sorry I am. Sorry to bother you but… I wish I never I’m not satisfied with… happened. Wouldn’t be a good idea to… There appears to be something wrong with… I was expecting… but… I want to complain about… I’m afraid I’ve got a complaint about… I have to make a complaint about… I don’t understand why… Excuse me but there is a problem… Would you mind…? English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 28 Example Dialogue 1 Operator : Good morning. My name is Lia. Who am I speaking with? Burhan : Good morning. I’m Burhan. Operator : OK Mr. Burhan, can I help you? Burhan : I want to make a complaint about Cleverfren internet service. Operator : Well, what is the problem, Sir? Burhan : I have a problem with my internet connection. A few days ago I bought Cleverfren internet package, but it is not work well. Its motto is “I hate slow”, but it is very contradictive. I get slow internet speed. I must wait for a few minute to open Facebook site. Operator : First, I have to know where you are. Burhan : I’m in Jakabaya. Operator : I’m sorry Sir, but there is not our coverage area. You can’t get fast internet speed if you are not in our coverage area. Dialogue 2 Receptionist : Good evening, Ma’am. Is there anything I can do to help you? Guest : Yes, I have some complain about my room. Receptionist : What is it, Ma’am? Guest : I just checked in earlier and when I came into the room, the smell suddenly struck me. It’s cigarette smoke. The room smells like cigarette smoke. Receptionist : I’m sorry, Ma’am, but I’m sure we have cleaned it very thoroughly. Moreover, there is a no smoking inside the room rules. Guest : If you don’t believe me you can check it yourself. I can’t believe this hotel doesn’t treat their guests right. You can’t even air out a room properly! I am so going to give this hotel a bad review. Receptionist : I’m very sorry, Ma’am. I believe you. I’ll see what we can do for you. Guest : I want another room! I want a superior room with a bathtub. Or else I’m going to report this to the manager. Receptionist : Of course, Ma’am. I will see what I can do about that. Please hold on a minute. Guest : This is so disappointing for me. I was looking forward to stay in this hotel. Receptionist : Ma’am, we have found a room for you. It is a deluxe room with a bathtub just like you asked. Here is the key for the room. It is on the 6th floor. Guest : And what about the expenses? Receptionist : Because of this incident, your stay here will be free of charge and we will reimburse your money when you checkout tomorrow. Guest : Now this is what I call quality service. Receptionist : Thank you for your patience, Ma’am. I hope you enjoy your stay. Please let me know if there’s anything else we can do to help you. EXERCISE Now, try to make a simple, short dialogue with your partner using the expression of making complaints. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 29 EXPRESSION 11 Gratitude After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Express thanks and gratitude Respond to thanks Do you know how to say “thank you” in English? Besides some simple expressions such as “Thank you” or “Thanks”, there are many different ways to say thank you in English as well. Below are some useful thank you phrases to show your gratitude and appreciation to someone for something they have done for you. Express thanks and gratitude: Useful Responses: Thank you. You’re welcome! Thanks. You’re very welcome! Thank you very much. It was my pleasure. Thanks a lot! My pleasure. Many thanks. Don’t mention it. Sincerely thanks. Forget it. Thank you so much! No big deal. Thanks a million for your help. It’s was nothing. I really appreciate your help. Think nothing of it. You are so kind. I’m glad that I can help you. I don’t know how to express my thanks. Not at all There are no words to show my appreciation! What you’ve done means a lot to me. That’s so kind of you. You’ve made my day. I owe you a great deal Thank you from the bottom of my heart for everything. How can I ever possibly thank you? EXERCISE Now, try to make a simple, short dialogue with your partner using the expression of gratitude. Make a list of the things you feel grateful about. (at least 10 things) English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 30 EXPRESSION 12 Opinion After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Ask for an opinion Give an opinion Respond to an opiniom Sometimes you need to ask for someone’s opinions about something. You can use some common phrases and expressions for asking opinions as below. A. ASKING FOR OPINIONS: What do you think about this problem? What’s your view? What do you think of my new house? Please tell me your opinion on this subject. Do you have any thoughts on that? What is your opinion about that? How do you feel about that? Can you give me your thoughts on the What is your opinion? report? Do you have any idea? What are your feelings about his behavior? Do you have any opinion on this I’d like to hear your views on this matter. matter? If you need to express your opinions about someone or something, then here are some common ways to do that. B. GIVING OPINIONS: I think we need to buy a house. In my opinion, this is the best website for learning Spoken English. I don’t think we should get a new car. Personally, I think you’re right. From my point of view, she is the best student in the class. As far as I’m concerned, this T-shirt doesn’t suit you. My personal view is that he is a liar. In my point of view, this is the most beautiful island on earth. It seems to me that we get lost. To my mind, it’s the right thing to do. I personally believe we’re in the right way. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 31 C. AGREE & DISAGREE Here are some common phrases and expressions you can use to express your agreement or disagreement in English. 1. Agreeing: 2. Partly agreeing: 3. Disagreeing: I agree with this opinion. I agree up to a point, but I don’t agree! I completely agree. I … I don’t agree with you. completely agree with That’s partly true, but … I totally disagree! you. That may be true, but… I’m sorry, but I disagree. You’re absolutely right. I see your point, but … Absolutely not! This is absolutely right. I guess so, but… I’m afraid I can’t agree I agree with you entirely. That seems obvious, with you. I totally agree with you. but… That’s not right! I couldn’t agree more. I’m not so sure about That’s not always true. Exactly. that. I don’t think so. Absolutely! No, that’s not true. You’re right. No way! Me too! I think you’re wrong. I agree. I see exactly what you mean! That’s exactly what I think. There is no doubt about it. EXERCISE Practice a conversation using the expressions of asking and giving opinion along with the responses. Read this dialogue! Andy : Well, what do you think of my car? Bimo : Well, personally, it looks comfortable. By the way, is it an expensive American car? Andy : No, it’s a cheap small Japanese car. Bimo : How many people can it take? Andy : There’s room for five people. Bimo : Has it got brakes? Andy : Yes, there’re very good. The engine’s in the front, and there’s a big boot in the back. Bimo : It looks well made Andy : Would you like to come for drive? Bimo : OK. Drive carefully, won’t you. There’s a lot of traffic today. Answer the questions. 1. How many persons are involved in the conversation? 2. Who is the owner of the car? 3. How does the car look like? 4. What does Bimo think about Andy’s car? English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 32 EXPRESSION 14 How to Give Instructions & Directions After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Give instructions Give directions Respond to an instruction/ direction A. THE INSTRUCTIONS Do you know how to give instructions in English? What sort of instructions can you give someone? How to make a cup of coffee? How to search for a topic on Google? How to make a call on your cell phone? Or listen to your voice mail? There are two parts to giving instructions. What we call Sequencers and then the actions. Sequencers help order your instructions 1. Sequencers It is like the 1, 2, 3, 4 of your actions. The most common are: First(ly)... Then... Next... After that... Finally... 2. Instructions 1) Tell people what is necessary 3) What is wrong “Eat your vegetables!” 4) What is not necessary “Turn left and go straight on.” You (don't) need to... 2) Give a warning or advice, and (if you You have to... use “please”) to make a request. You must/mustn't... “Practice English for ten minutes a day!” You should/shouldn't... “Be careful!” “Don’t go!” “Please take a seat.” “Do not walk on the grass.” To make the imperative, use the infinitive of the verb without ‘to’: “Come here!” “Sit down!” So now that you know the basics...here is an example: Today I am going to tell you how to make the best sandwich in the world. First, you must roast a chicken and slice it into thick pieces. Then, toast your favorite bread (two slices). After that, you need to put mayonnaise and mustard on the toast and then the chicken slices. Next, you are going to add your vegetables (tomatoes, lettuce, onions, English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 33 cucumbers etc.). Finally, put a couple slices of cheese on the sandwich, close it with the other piece of toast, and your sandwich is ready to serve. Giving extra help When you give instructions, you can help the other person with extra information and advice. Remember: turn off the electricity before touching any cables. Be careful not to … (touch any live wires) Try to … (see if the lightbulb is broken or just loose) Try not to … (touch the lightbulb with your hands) You need to … (check the wattage of the lightbulb first) It’s important to … (make sure the electricity is off) It helps to … (wait for the lightbulb to cool down before you remove it) Be sure to … (turn off the electricity before you you touch the lightbulb) Always … (wear gloves when you touch a lightbulb) Never … (touch a socket with wet hands) Useful verbs for instructions Turn on / switch on = activate power or electricity: “First, turn on the PC.” Turn off / switch off = deactivate power or electricity: “Turn off the lights when you leave.” Take off / remove = detach something from another thing: “Remove the plastic before you put the meal in the microwave.” Take out = take one thing out from another thing: “Take the television out of the box.” Attach / connect = put two things together: “Connect the wires.” Check / make sure = be sure about something: “Check that the light is on.” Proceed / continue: “Continue to stir until the mixture is thick.” Plug in = connect to the electricity: “Plug the modem in.” Put back / replace: “Replace the cover after changing the battery.” EXERCISE Choose the correct answer. 1) __ a seat! 5) Don't to__ go. 9) __ the batteries a. Please to take a. Please don't when they stop b. Take b. Please not to working. c. To take c. Please to a. Put back 6) __ your full address. b. Remove 2) __ down. a. Be sure to write c. Turn on a. Please sit b. Be sure write b. Please to sit c. Sure to write 10) __ the printer to the c. Sitting PC. 7) __ the television. a. Connect 3) __ cry! a. Plug in b. Switch off a. Do not to b. Take off c. Turn on b. Don't c. Take out 4) __ read the question 8) __ the light is on. carefully. a. Make sure a. It's important b. Switch on b. It's important to c. Turn off c. It's too important to English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 34 B. DIRECTIONS Giving Directions go straight turn left Go straight on Main Street. Turn left on the supermarket. turn right go past Turn right on the next corner. Go past the cinema and you'll find the library. cross If you cross the street, you'll find a bookstore there! go along turn back / go back go through Go along the main road until If you get to the bridge, you Take a shortcut to the school you find the gas station. went too far, you'll have to going through the park. turn back. in front of around the corner The market is in front of the The museum is just around go down City Hall. the corner. Go down the hill and you'll find the entrance to the park. beside between My school is beside a small You can find the coffee shop go over park. between the office building To get to the building, you and the movie theater. have to go over the walkway. near I live near the forest behind go up There's a nice park behind Go up the hill and you'll find the parking lot. the bus stop. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 35 Asking for directions Excuse me, where is the...? Excuse me, how do I get to...? Excuse me, is there a ______ near here? How do I get to...? What's the way to...? Where is _____ located? Directions Vocabulary roundabout sidewalk zebra crossing traffic lights EXERCISE Translate into Bahasa Indonesia street = avenue = road = corner = sidewalk = highway = crossroad = junction = T-junction = signpost = walkway = intersection = bridge = country road = exit ramp = freeway = lane = overpass = alley = boulevard = tunnel = English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 36 ASKING FOR AND GIVING DIRECTIONS Under this topic title, we will learn how to ask for directions and how to give directions to someone who asked us. Before Asking For Directions: Starting to conversation kindly is very good way. So, when we start talking, we can use the following forms: Examples: Excuse me / Excuse me sir or madam. I am new here. I’m lost. I am sorry to interrupt you, but… Excuse me, could you help me, please? I am sorry. Sorry, I am not from around here. Excuse me madam, I seemed to be lost. Hello / Hello sir or madam. Asking directions: Sometimes we or someone need to find a place. And we need to ask someone else for help. When we’re asking for directions to someone, we use some phrases. These are given below; Examples: Can you give me directions to the Is there a sports shop around here? nearest hospital? Can you tell me how to get to train Are we on the right road for London? station from here? How do you get to the bus stop? How can I get to the pub? Where is the carnival? What’s the best way to get to the Where can I find the nearest car park? amusement park from here? How do I get to library? What’s the quickest way to get to the Is there a pet shop near here? airport from here? Where is the nearest post office? What’s the easiest way to get to the Do you know where the shopping nearest drugstore from here? center is? English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 37 Could you tell me where the nearest Do you have a map? grocery store is? I am trying to find an exchange office. Where are you exactly? Could you tell me how to get there? How do you get to the supermarket I am trying to get to the police station; from here? can you show me on the map? I am looking for this address, am I in Could you help me, please? I’m the right place / how can I get there? looking for the bank. Can you tell me the way to the Nature Does this bus go to the center? Hotel? Do you know the cafe? Is this the right way for the campground? Answering the question: 1. If we don’t know the answer, we can say; I am sorry. I don’t know. I am stranger here myself. 2. If we or someone know the question, give the directions; * Commonly used verbs for giving directions are colored below. a. Giving Directions to Say ‘Go Straight’; Go straight Continue straight on past two traffic Go along the road. lights. Go down there. Continue straight ahead for about two Go down or walk down the street. kilometers. Go up or walk up the street. Keep going for another station. Go straight along this road. Keep going down this Street. Go past the bus stop. Keep going for another shop hundred Go toward the church. meters. Go ahead. Keep going straight ahead you will see Go straight ahead it on the right. Go ahead and ask someone. Keep on the straight road. Go on ahead. Keep walking ahead. Go straight on until you come to the Take this road. crossroad. Walk to the corner. Go straight on left / right. Follow this street for 300 meters. Go straight at the lights / at the Follow the road until you get to the roundabout /at the junction. bank. b. Giving Directions to Say ‘Turn’; Turn right. Turn left on to Daniel Street. Turn left. Turn left at the end of the corridor. Turn left past the bank. (pass the Turn right / left at the traffic lights / bank and then turn left) roundabout, etc. Turn back. (go back) Turn right on after you pass the Turn left after the bridge. market on the right also. Turn right at the second turning Turn left after you pass the bakery. (turn left when you reach the Turn left past the phone shop. turning) Turn right from the first alley. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 38 When you see a school on your Take the second exit at the T- right hand side, turn left in to junction and then turn right at the European Street. traffic rights. Turn left after you pass the bakery. When you get to Paris Street, take Go right / left at the end of the your next right. road. After you pass the restaurant on Take the first right”. your left, take a right at the next Take the first / second / third street crossroad. on the left / right. If you take the road on the left, Take the first left when you enter you’ll come to the post office. Steven Road. Take a left when you come to the You need to take a left / a right at main street. the next traffic lights. Round the corner from the post Take a right / left at the junction. office. c. Giving Directions to Say ‘Cross’; Cross the pub. Pass the school. You will cross some traffic lights. Cross the taxi rank and you are there. Go over the bridge. d. Giving locations: * Commonly used prepositions for giving locations are colored below. It is … on the left. on the right in between the pet on left. shop and the grocery store. on the right. at the end of Paris Street. on right side. on/at the corner of Daniel Road. on the straight ahead. over there, near the police station. on left after the gas station. just right / left around the corner. straight ahead on the right. (just) around the corner. straight ahead of you. just around the corner on the left / straight ahead on the left next to right side. the book shop. left around the corner next to the opposite. market. opposite the bank. left around the corner from the on opposite side of the Street. subway. across the road. further down the road on the left. near my office. the biggest / smallest building on next to Mall. the left. behind the hospital. in the center of the town. in front of the bus station. the first turning on the right after between the our office and the the bank. supermarket. Other useful phrases for giving direction: It is this way / that way. It will be on your left or right. You are going to wrong way. This straight road will lead you to You are going in the wrong the hospital. direction. You will see the entrance on the You will pass a bakery on your left. left. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 39 You will pass a taxi rank on your Come off the motorway / highway left. at the junction. Follow the sign for the town center. The signpost said “London 18 You will see the car park in front of miles” or “America”. you. Follow the signs to… You can’t miss it. You will come to a bus station. You will see the Black Lake. Landmarks: When giving directions we will often use landmarks help the other person understand where to find it. These are listed below; traffic lights, crossroads, junction, level crossing, signpost, T-junction, dead end, underpass, roundabout, flyover, motorway, bridge, railway bridge, railway line, dual carriageway, pedestrian crossing, zebra crossing, stop sign, hospital, police station, shopping center, garage, petrol station, Airport, bus stop, station, Bookshop, Building and etc.… Asking for repetition: Sorry, I didn’t catch that. Could you say that again please? Could you repeat it again please? What did you say the street’s name was? Could you speak up please? Could you speak a little louder? Could you show me please? Finishing Conversation: Thanks for help. Bye. Thank you for help. Good bye. Thank you for spending your time with me. Have a nice day! English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 40 EXPRESSION 15 Making Appointment After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Make an appointment Respond to an appointment offer A. MAKING B. ACCEPTING AN C. CANCELING/REJECTING APPOINTMENT: APPOINTMENT: AN APPOINTMENT: Can we meet on the Sure. I’ll come. Sorry. I have another 14th? Yes, Sunday is fine. appointment at that time. Can we meet next Friday would be perfect. I’m sorry. I can’t come. Friday? I’ll be there at that time. I’m afraid I can’t on the Are you available on the 14th. 14th? I’m sorry, I won’t be able Are you free next week? to make it on Sunday. Let’s meet this evening. Sorry. I don’t think I can When can I talk to you? make it. Can I meet you tomorrow afternoon? How about tomorrow afternoon? Is next Monday convenient for you? Do you have any time available this week? When would be a good time to meet you? Would today evening be all right? Can you give me an appointment on Sunday? Example: A : I would like to make an appointment for a project meeting. B : Of course, I have Monday or Tuesday available. What day would be best for you? A : I would like to meet on Monday. B : Very well then. Are mornings or afternoons best? A : I want to come in the morning. B : I will have my assistant check my calendar and get back to you with the exact time. Can you bring me an outline of the project when you come? English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 41 A : Yes, I can bring the outline when I come to the meeting. B : Do you think that we should include the entire committee in the meeting or just our sub-committee? A : I think that we should have just the sub- committee. B : OK then, I will make the arrangements for them to attend. Do you know how to get there? A : No, I need directions, please. B : Fine, we will make sure that we send you all of the information that you need. See you there! EXERCISE Now, try to make a simple, short dialogue with your partner using the expression of making an appointment. English Conversation By Reisa L. R., S.Pd. 42 EXPRESSION 16 Prohibition After learning this chapter, you will be able to: Express prohibition Here are some common phrases and expressions for expressing prohibition in English: It is forbidden to… You are not allowed to … You are not permitted to… It is prohibited to … You must not … You are not to… You can’t… Examples: You are not allowed to smoke in this area. It is forbidden to swim here. You are not to feed the animals. It is prohibited to walk on the grass. You must not tell anyone about it. You must not leave the window open. You are not permitted to be late. Giving prohibition is the way of giving instruction to some
