Mod 12 Erikson Online (Independent Module) PDF

PSYC 1130 Psychology for Social Service Workers Erik Erikson: Identity Theory Image Source: http://www.nndb.co...

PSYC 1130 Psychology for Social Service Workers Erik Erikson: Identity Theory Image Source: http://www.nndb.co m Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.  Use of Ppt slides Download the Ppt slides as there are companion notes attached to many of the slides within the presentation. This slide presentation represents a condensed version of what the chapter reading contains (plus other additions (e.g., audio/video links). It is not meant as a substitute for the required reading. If you see this icon; click on it to hear recorded audio or video clips  Use of Ppt slides continued.. You may have to click on interactive links within the Ppt slides or you may be directed to go to another online learning activity within the Module folder. If the web links don’t work when you click on them, try copying and pasting the link into a new browser. If you are experiencing technology problems, contact IT Services Help Desk at: 519-452-4430 ext. 4357 Approaches to Example Theorists personality development Psychoanalytic Psychoanalysis: Sigmund Freud Neo-psychoanalytic Neurotic Needs & Trends: Karen Horney Individual Psychology: Alfred Adler Behavioural Reinforcement Theory: BF Skinner Cognitive Cognitive Theory: Aaron Beck Humanistic Self-Actualization Theory: Carl Rogers Positive Psychology: Martin Seligman Genetics (Trait) Five-Factor Theory: McCrae & Costa Sensation Seeking: Marvin Zuckerman Social-Learning Locus of Control: Julian Rotter LIFESPAN APPROACH (E.G., ERIKSON) An approach to the study of personality theory that looks at understanding personality through developmental changes across through out one’s life time. 1. Life of Erikson 2. Psychosocial Stages of Personality Development 3. Basic Weaknesses 4. Questions About Human Nature 5. Assessment 6. Research 7. Reflections Chapter Outline Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Once upon a time…… Image Source: http://www.doc stoc.com/docs/ 69419568/Erik- Erikson- KIRSTEN- MOTZ Image Source: http://www.110to220.com Image Source: http://www.rcgates.com/psyc/erikso n.html  Life of Erikson 1902 – 1994 Born in Germany Mother: Gave birth out of wedlock Father: Erikson raised by stepfather whom Erikson thought was biological his father Rejected by German peers for being Jewish & having Nordic appearance Quest for an identity Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.  Image Source: http://www.fanpop.com/clubs/psych ology/images/1348080/title/anna- freud-photo Image Source: http://www.philosophersim ages.com/freud.html Image Source: http://wikisota.pbworks.c om/w/page/14680139/The %20Sioux%20Uprising %201862 Image Source: http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboe r/erikson.html  Trained in psychoanalysis Analyzed by Anna Freud Placed importance on social influences Wife became intellectual partner & editor Private psychoanalytic practice Study of child-rearing practices of Sioux Indians Life of Erikson, cont’d. Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.  Goal: Epigenetic Principle: Refocus instinctual Development governed by energy for the needs of sequence of stages each stage Depend on genetic factors Achieve adaptive balance Crisis: Basic Strengths: Turning point at each Motivating beliefs from developmental stage crisis resolution Psychosocial Stages of Personality Development Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. W ill l i t y i d e F 1. Trust vs. Mistrust 2. Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt 3. Initiative vs. Guilt 4. Industriousness vs. Inferiority 5. Identity Cohesion vs. Role Confusion 6. Intimacy vs. Isolation 7. Generativity vs. Stagnation 8. Ego Integrity vs. Despair Psychosocial Stages Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 1. Trust vs. Mistrust Birth – 1 year (Oral Stage) Based on interaction with mother Trust: consistency & continuity Mistrust: inconsistency, suspicion, & fear Basic Strength: HOPE Belief that desires will be satisfied Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 2. Autonomy vs. Shame 2 – 3 years (Anal Stage) Developing physical and mental abilities Autonomy: exercising independence Shame: self-doubt & sense of shame Basic Strength: Will Determination to exercise freedom Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 3. Initiative vs. Guilt 3 – 5 years (Genital Stage) Ability to accomplish Initiative: initiates activities & fantasies; knows permissible behaviors Guilt: punishment of initiative; guilt feelings about self-direction Basic Strength: PURPOSE Courage to envision & pursue goals Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 4. Industry vs. Inferiority 6 – 11 years (Latency Stage) School & social experiences Industriousness: praise & reinforcement; completing tasks Inferiority: scolding, ridicule; feelings of inadequacy Basic Strength: COMPETENCE Exerting skill & intelligence tasks Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 5. Identity vs. Role Confusion 12 – 18 years Identity Cohesion: Ego Identity consistent & congruent self-image Role Confusion: Identity Crisis confusion of belonging, purpose, direction Basic Strength: FIDELITY Sincerity, genuineness, & sense of duty Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 6. Intimacy vs. Isolation 19 – 35 years Functioning as mature, responsible adult Intimacy: establishment of caring & committed relationships Isolation: avoidance of social contacts; rejection of others Basic Strength: Mutual devotion in a shared identity Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 7. Generativity vs. Stagnation 35 – 55 years Concern for future generations & society Generativity: teaching, mentoring, guiding the next generation Stagnation: boredom, pseudo-intimacy, self-absorption & childlike behaviors Basic Strength: CARE Broad concern for others; need to teach Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 8. Ego Integrity vs. Despair 55 years – end of life Examination of one’s life. Ego Integrity: sense of fulfillment & satisfaction; self-acceptance Despair: regret, anger, frustration; Basic Strength: WISDOM Detached concern for whole of life Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vapEpQmz86o&featur e= related A Review of Erikson’s Stages  At each stage (driven by physical & sexual growth & approx. ages) we face a crisis and learn how to cope: adaptively (positive) (psychologically healthy attitude) and/or maladaptively (negative) (psychological problems) Ideally, we should have a greater portion of adaptive coping however; we usually incorporate some portion of maladaptive coping to balance the ego (imagine, for example, you tried to take on everything, by yourself, all the time (i.e., only cope using automony)? It is better to have some amount of self doubt or involvement of others. This will balance the ego. Once the ego is balanced the crisis (and stage) can be satisfactorily resolved Resolution of a stage is not permanent If the crisis is satisfactorily resolved (i.e., healthy balance of the two opposing forces), a strength will emerge The strengths are interdependent: the strength in the previous stage must be developed in order for the strength in the current stage to develop if not satisfactorily resolved…future problems………………………… Summary of Stage Development  Motivating characteristics from unsatisfactory resolution of crises. Maldevelopment When the ego consists solely of a single way of coping with conflict Basic Weaknesses Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 1. Oral----------- Trust…………………… Sensory maladjustment Mistrust………………… Withdrawal 2. Anal---------- Autonomy……….......…. Shameless willfulness Doubt, Shame………….. Compulsion 3. Genital------- Initiative……...……… Ruthlessness Guilt…………………… Inhibition 4. Latency----- Industriousness………… Narrow virtuosity Inferiority……………… Inertia 5. Adolescence- Identity cohesion……… Fanaticism Role confusion………… Repudiation 6. Young Adult- Intimacy……………… Promiscuity Isolation………………… Exclusivity 7. Adult--------- Generativity…………… Overextension Stagnation……………….. Rejectivity 8. Older Adult-- Ego integrity……………. Presumption Despair………………… Distain Maldevelopment Maladaptions- Neuroses Tendencies Malignancies- Psychoses 1. Oral---------- Trust…………………… Sensory maladjustment Mistrust………………… Withdrawal 2. Anal---------- Autonomy……….......…. Shameless willfulness Doubt, Shame………….. Compulsion 3. Genital------- Initiative……...……… Ruthlessness Guilt…………………… Inhibition 4. Latency----- Industriousness………… Narrow virtuosity Inferiority……………… Inertia 5. Adolescence- Identity cohesion……… Fanaticism Role confusion………… Repudiation 6. Young Adult- Intimacy……………… Promiscuity Isolation………………… Exclusivity 7. Adult--------- Generativity…………… Overextension Stagnation……………….. Rejectivity 8. Older Adult-- Ego integrity……………. Presumption Despair………………… Distain Maldevelopment Maladaptions- Neuroses Tendencies Malignancies- Psychoses  Free will & determinism Nature & nurture influence Past & present focus Uniqueness & universality Growth throughout life Optimistic Questions About Human Nature Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.  Play therapy Anthropological studies Psychohistorical analysis for major life themes Assessment Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.  Research Focus Case study method Play constructions Generativity Trust & security Maturity Psychosocial stages Ethnic identity Adolescent Gender preference development identity Identity Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Contributions Extension of Freud’s theory Personality through lifespan Identity crisis in adolescence Recognition of cultural, social, & historical influences Useful concepts for practitioners Play therapy Reflections Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Criticisms Ambiguity in terms & concepts Incomplete definition of maturity Lacking in negative aspects of aging Sex differences Stages may not be applicable for women or people in reduced economic circumstances Reflections Schultz & Schultz Theories of Personality and Development, 10th Edition Copyright 2013 Wadsworth, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.  Purpose: http ://kimflynn.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/What-is-the-PURPOSE-of-you r-business- anyway.jpg Hope: http ://www.timsstrategy.com/blog/never-give-up-hope-in-your-job-search/ Love: http://bellasvitas.blogspot.ca/2011/07/clip-art-love-heart.html Wisdom: http ://blog.centresource.com/2012/07/31/learning-leadership-wisdom-knowledge / Competence: http://www.whywesuffer.com/tag/creativity/ Care: http://care-hhh.web.cern.ch/CARE-HHH/HHH-2004/general-HHH- meeting.html Erikson Chart: http ://scary-pictures.feedio.net/225px-erik-erikson-stages-erikson2-erik-erikson-s tages-of-development/592f46.medialib.glogster.com*media*d6f176e6b17338 ab41e805b0634c1b982f29fb08f695d512fffa27e5b68b1033*erik-erikson-stag es-of-development.png / Image Sources