MLBE - Prelims PDF

MLBE – PRELIMS mode of an unhealthy condition CONCEPTS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE Keywords 9. Virtues of healthcare providers- 1. Determinants of health – ethical values and moral conduct of predisposing factors afflicting...

MLBE – PRELIMS mode of an unhealthy condition CONCEPTS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE Keywords 9. Virtues of healthcare providers- 1. Determinants of health – ethical values and moral conduct of predisposing factors afflicting the body to cause illness or disease, (host what is the health care providers ought to do when dealing with himself, lifestyle, environment and socio- patients economic status) 10. Wellness- a state of dynamic 2. Disease- a state of manifesting physical, mental, and spiritual well- abnormalities in the body organs and being of a person in achieving his/her system functions 3. Illness- a sociopath logical concept full potential and an enjoyable life. which simply means a subjective HEALTHCARE SYSTEM feeling of not being well. An organization of healthcare delivery that 4. Dimension of good health and caters to the heath needs of the target wellness – include spiritual, mental, population. physical, emotional, environmental It consist of all organization, people and and financial actions whose primary intent is to promote, 5. Health- a state of complete physical , restore or maintain health. mental and social well being and not WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GOAL OF THE merely the absence of disease and HEALHCARE SYSTEM? infirmity 6. Healthcare providers – Promote quality heath and state of wellness professionals who are authorized to to everyone examine, diagnose, and treat any 1. Showing the interrelationships of the disease or disorders and maintain the components health and wellness of the patient. 2. Providing additional institutional 7. Patients’ rights – rights of patients support that are needed to be respected. 3. Vehicles for health improvement and 8. Sickness- the external and public equity in response to legitimate expression of views or opinions. 7. Equal access 4. Defining its goals in terms of providing RESPONSIBILITIE OF HGEATHCARE healthcare service PROVIDERS 5 COMPONENTS OF THE HEATHCARE 1. Respect the rights of patients SYTEMS 2. Solicit informed consent 1. Organization – group of organized 3. Provide a seamless continuous care people 2. Internal system MLBE – PRELIMS 3. Individuals 4. Attend to the needs of patients. 4. Community 5. Deliver services effectively and 5. Healthcare professionals efficiently. ROLES OF HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS 6. Spend public funds prudently and 1. Provide culturally appropriate and wisely. accessible health education. 7. Provide a safe working environment. 2. Ensure that people will get the DUTIES AND RESPONSINLITIES OF needed services. PATIENTS 3. Extend informal counseling and 1. Communicate openly to healthcare support, especially in preventive providers medicine. 2. Provide their complete medical 4. Advocate for individuals or for the history. community as a whole 3. Patients and physicians should 5. Deliver direct and actual services mutually agree on the treatment (basic first aid) and goals for therapy 6. Building individual and community 4. Patients should pay the physicians healthcare services. and healthcare providers with just RIGHTS OF HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS compensation for services rendered 1. Be respected 5. Committed to heath maintenance 2. Be involved RIGHTS OF PATIENTS – Philippine bill of 3. Written agreement rights AO 2008-001 series 2008 4. Care and services be reviewed (implementing 5. Privacy and confidentiality rules and regulations of RA 9439) 6. Compensation The rights to : 1. Information - Behavioral patterns, personally 2. Choose medical care providers traits, rugs, alcohol and diet 3. Self-determination ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS 4. Religious beliefs - All other factors which are external 5. Medical records to a person 6. Leave the hospital premises 7. Refuse to be subject to medical DIMENSIONS OF GOOD HEALTH AND research. WELLBEING 8. Express grievances 1. Intellectual dimension – the HEATH & WELLNESS interaction of the mind with the HEATH environment surrounding of a person - A complete physical , mental and Ex. A person learns how to solve problems social well-being, not the absence of illness and injury (WHO) 2. Environmental dimension- employing strategies to protect WELLNESS - A positive endpoint of health oneself from environmental hazards continuum Ex. Every individual is encouraged to - Total physical, emotional, social contribute to a healthy community and and spiritual well-being that initiate better communication with one enables a person to achieve his/her another full potential for the enjoyment of 3. Financial dimension – ability of a life person to strategize the financial input and output of the family DETERMINANT OF GOOD HEATH Ex. Saving more money for the future HOST FACTORS 4. Physical dimension- rooted from the - Age, gender, ethnicity, and fact that a healthy body can be biological factors maintained by having good nutrition, SOCIAL FACTORS doing regular exercise and avoding - Status, education, occupation, and harmful habits. stress Ex. Consulting a physician when LIFESTYLE necessary  good deeds by choosing the right MLBE – PRELIMS course of action 5. Emotional dimension – a person is - Ex. In case of surgical operations, required to understand one’s feelings, the surgeons should use practical accept one’s limitations and achieve reason inc arryng out surgical emotional stability procedures. 6. Spiritual dimension- a guide to FORTITUDE achieve healthy living - The virtue of being firm and Ex. Attend the church every Sunday with courageous in times of troubles your family. and difficulties CONCEPTS OF DISEASE (2 categories of Ex. Medtech students are expected to diseases) perform well academically and do their best 1. Infectious disease in their practicum subjects because they will - Caused by pathogens and can be dealing with the health and life of a spread from person to person by patient in the future. air, food, water, inanimate objects, insects or by direct or indirect JUSTICE contact with an infected person - Policy of establishing equity with respect to the person and the Ex. Influenzas, malaria, AIDS common good 2. Chronic disease - Long term condition that cannot Ex. Treating patients equality regardless of spread from one person to their economic standing another, TEMPERANCE - This virtue means moderation and Ex. Diabetes, asthma, heart disease self-control - It measures man’s will over VIRTUES OF HEATHCARE PROVIDERS instinct, which is done by keeping PRUDENCE desires within the limits of what tis - Refers to practical reasoning morality good and honorable. - It is required in the dispositon of VIRTUES ACCORDING TO PROFFESIONAL COMMITMENTS MLBE – PRELIMS 1. Fidelity to trust - This virtue is equivalent to loyalty. scientific judgement about the Ex. Important for MedTech doing lab results of the lab exams. examinations to earn the trust of the 6. Truthfulness patient for his/her dedication to work - A patient must assess the counts a lot. competence and fruitfulness of 2. Intellectual honesty registered MedTech in providing - A virtue earned through hardships reliable results. and dedication to work. Ex. An admission from a MedTech that he does not know a procedure is not a violation intellectual honesty provided that the latter admits such lack of knowledge and experience with honesty and humility 3. Courage - Reinforced by fortitude. - MedTech should have such quality especially when confronted by difficulties and hardships at work. 4. Benevolence - Latin “primum non nocere” meaning: first, do not harm” - Physicians must do good to the patient-Hippocrates 5. Compassion - A registered medtech must assume the predicament that the patients’ rights are attuned with his/her