MIP 10303 Fluoroscopic Imaging System PDF

Medical ImagingInstrumentation [MIP 10303] Nur Hamizah Mohd Zainudin, PhD School of Medical Imaging Faculty of Health Sciences,UniSZA   In 8 November 1895, Wilhelm Roentgen noticed a barium platinocyanide, screen fluorescing can be use...

Medical ImagingInstrumentation [MIP 10303] Nur Hamizah Mohd Zainudin, PhD School of Medical Imaging Faculty of Health Sciences,UniSZA   In 8 November 1895, Wilhelm Roentgen noticed a barium platinocyanide, screen fluorescing can be used for fluoroscopic images First fluoroscopes consisted of x-ray tube and fluorescent screen In 1896, Thomas Edison discovered that cadmium tungstate screens produced brighter images Later on zinc cadmium sulfide was used as screen Hand held fluoroscope  Radiologist positioned the screen between patient and himself with x- ray tube behind the patient Other early fluoroscope screens were held or worn on the head like goggles Examination would have occurred in a darkened room  Early fluoroscopes were cardboard funnels with an open at the narrow end for the observers’ eyes while the wide end was closed with a thin cardboard piece that had been covered on the inside layer of fluorescent metal. This procedure had to be done in a dark room due to limited light produced from the fluorescent screens. As a result, there were radiation doses to the radiologist looking through the screen.  Disadvantages: Images with insufficient brightness Radiologist had to adapt his eyes to the dark by stay in dark room for at least 10 mins before procedures Red adaptation goggles were introduced – allow radiologist stay in dark adaptation  In 1950s, invention of X-ray image intensifiers allowed the image on the screen to be visible under normal lighting conditions Image intensifier (II) devices were developed – to overcome the deficiencies of viewing the dim fluorescent screen image II provide sufficient brightness gain to improve spatial and contrast resolution PURPOSE OF FLUOROSCOPY Evaluate the condition of coronary arteries during cardiac catherization Evaluate blood flow through an artery during angiography Guide some diagnostic and surgical procedure (eg: placement of a catheter during angiography, insertion of needle during biopsy and removal of fluid from a body cavity) Evaluate the digestive tract to diagnose tumors, bleeding and bowel obstruction PURPOSE OF FLUOROSCOPY Evaluate the large intestine during a barium enema, Evaluate the structure and function of the urinary tract Evaluate woman’s reproductive organs such as uterus and fallopian tubes Used during orthopedic surgery to realign a fractured bone @ to place a pin in fracture bone https://youtu.be/DOvU7YlPGaE  🡪 Using Charge Couple Device (CCD) / Flat Panel Device (FPD) to produce images