MIL-MIDTERMS-REVIEWER.pdf

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY LESSON 1: COMMUNICATION, MEDIA AND MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY INFORMATION ,AND OTHER RELATED CONCEPTS - Combining media literacy with information literacy fo...

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY LESSON 1: COMMUNICATION, MEDIA AND MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY INFORMATION ,AND OTHER RELATED CONCEPTS - Combining media literacy with information literacy for informed engagement with media and COMMUNICATION information. Origin: Latin word "communicate" meaning "to TECHNOLOGY LITERACY share" - Using technology tools responsibly and effectively. Definition: Conveying meanings through mutually understood signs, symbols, and rules DIGITAL LITERACY - Using digital technology and networks to find, Components: Sender, message, medium, intended evaluate, use, and create information. recipient WHY WE NEED MEDIA AND MEDIA INFORMATION LITERACY: Origin: Derived from "MEDIUM" meaning "CHANNEL" or "METHOD" Freedom Of Expression: Right to seek, receive, and share information. Definition: Physical objects used for mass communication (e.g., radio, television, Freedom Of Information: Right to access computers, film) information held by public bodies. INFORMATION BEING A RESPONSIBLE MEDIA - Broad term covering data, knowledge, signals, or AND INFORMATION USER: symbols. Inquisitiveness: Eagerness to learn and seek INFORMATION truth. Data: Raw facts, figures, or symbols. Possession Of General Knowledge: Having a Information: Processed data that provides broad understanding of relevant facts. meaning. Critical Thinking: Evaluating claims and making Knowledge: Understanding and applying informed conclusions. information. Ability To Communicate: Clearly expressing and Wisdom: Applying knowledge and experience to understanding ideas. make wise decisions. Professionalism: Following established rules and MEDIA, INFORMATION, DIGITAL,TECHNOLOGY standards. LITERACY, AND MIL Objectivity: Being unbiased and free from MEDIA LITERACY personal prejudices. - Understanding how media works, its techniques, and its effects. Being Ethical: Adhering to principles of right and wrong. INFORMATION LITERACY - Knowing how to find, evaluate, organize, and use information effectively. Page | 1  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY THE PROCESS OF MEDIA AND Acta Diurna (Rome): A daily gazette, precursor to INFORMATION LITERACY: modern newspapers. Investigative: Asking challenging and important Printing Press (Wood Blocks): Early form of questions. printing using carved wooden blocks. Being Thorough: Gathering all necessary Dibao (China): Publications issued by Chinese information. governments. Detail-Oriented: Paying attention to all available Codex (Mayan Region): Books containing Mayan facts. ceremonies, astronomy, history, and mythology. Creative: Presenting information in an engaging Johannes Gutenberg (1400-1468): Introduces and appropriate way. movable-type printing to Europe, starting the Printing Revolution. MEDIA HABITS, LIFESTYLE AND PREFERENCE INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700S - 1930S) Media Habits: Media usage patterns of a group. Steam Power: Harnessing steam power for machinery. Lifestyle: Buying habits based on life stages. Machine Tools: Development of tools for Preferences: Media platforms that influence manufacturing. mindsets. Iron Production: Increased iron production for industrial use. LESSON 2: THE EVOLUTION OF MEDIA - Manufacturing: Mass production of various goods, TRADITIONAL TO NEW MEDIA including books. NOTABLE EVENTS & MILESTONES: PRE-INDUSTRIAL AGE (BEFORE 1700S) 1830s: Wireless Telegraphy Fire Discovery: Humans learn to control fire. 1867: Typewriter Paper Development: Plant-based materials are used to create paper. 1876: Telephone Tool & Weapon Forging: Stone, bronze, copper, 1880s: Motion Picture: and iron are used to create tools and weapons. - Kinetograph: Early motion picture camera. NOTABLE EVENTS & MILESTONES: - Kinetoscope: Machine for projecting moving images. Cave Paintings (France): Early forms of art and communication. 1913s: Commercial Motion Pictures: - Cinématographe: Projector for showing moving Clay Tablets (Mesopotamia): Writing system images. developed on clay tablets. - Early Films: Black and white, silent, and under a Papyrus (Egypt): A writing material made from minute long. papyrus reeds. 1926s: Motion Picture with Sound: Sound is synchronized with moving images. Page | 2  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY ELECTRONIC AGE (1930S - 1980S) EMERGING TRENDS IN TECHNOLOGY THAT Transistor Invention: Leads to the development AFFECT MEDIA AND INFORMATION of transistor radios, electronic circuits, and early computers. Internet of Things - One of the technological trends that is considered to have a significant NOTABLE EVENTS & MILESTONES: impact on M&I in the near future. 1941: Television: Transmission and reception of Artificial Intelligence - Another emerging trend is moving images, monochrome or color, with or the rise of AI. without sound. 1949: Large Electronic Computers: Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator LESSON 3: INFORMATION LITERACY (EDSAC) was an early British computer. It ran its first programs on May 6, 1949, calculating a table INFORMATION LITERACY of squares and a list of prime numbers. - Ability to find, evaluate, and use information effectively from sources like books, websites, UNIVAC 1: Commercial data-processing computer, videos, podcasts, and people. replacing punched-card accounting machines. - Helps us learn, gain knowledge, and improve critical thinking. IBM 704 (1960): Designed for solving complex problems in large-scale settings. CRITICAL THINKING - Ability to assess information, understand interrelationships, and make objective judgments. Hewlett-Packard 9100A: World's first programmable scientific desktop calculator. AN INFORMATION LITERATE PERSON CAN: Identify who: Determine the relevant person(s). Information Age (1900s - 2000s) Know what: Understand what information is needed. Internet led to faster communications and social network creation. Know when: Identify the time or date. WEB BROWSERS MICROBLOGS Know where: Locate a place. - Mosaic - Twitter - Tumblr Know why: Understand the purpose or reason. - Internet Explorer Know how: Demonstrate the process or method. PORTABLE BLOGS COMPUTERS INFORMATION LITERACY PROCESS: - Blogspot - Laptop - Livejournal - Netbooks 1. Identify - Wordpress - Ipad Tablets 2. Determine Sources 3. Locate SOCIAL SMARTPHONES 4. Evaluate - E-Book 5. Organize NETWORKS - E-Book Reader 6. Use - Friendster 7. Communicate - Multiply - Google Play Books - Facebook - Apple Books - Instagram Page | 3  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY LESSON 4: TYPES OF MEDIA: PRINT, BROADCAST, ACCURACY - AND NEW MEDIA Arguments must flow logically without fallacies. PRINT MEDIA -Consists of Logical Fallacies paper and ink, mechanically reproduced, providing a tangible product. Ad Hominem: Attacking the person, not the argument. - Dominated by mainstream media with large distribution channels. Appeal to Authority: Claiming correctness due to famous support. Examples: Books, Newspapers, Newsletters, Magazines, Journals, Brochures Bandwagon: Believing something is true because many people do. BROADCAST MEDIA - Initially used airwaves and now uses direct Begging the Question: Premise and conclusion are satellite broadcasting to reach global audiences. the same. Examples: Radio, Television, Film False Dichotomy: Limiting options to two when more exist. NEW MEDIA - Internet-based media, organized and distributed Hasty Generalization: Conclusion based on small on digital platforms. sample size. Examples: Augmented Reality, Hologram, Virtual Post Hoc/False Cause: Correlation mistaken for Reality causation. MEDIA CONVERGENCE Missing the Point: Conclusion doesn't follow - The coexistence of traditional and new media, premises. allowing content to flow across various platforms (print, broadcast, radio, TV, internet, mobile). Spotlight: Assuming popular cases represent the majority. MULTIMEDIA PERSONALITY - A person with a presence in both traditional and Straw Man: Attacking a weaker version of the new media, followed across platforms, reaching argument. diverse audiences. TIMELINESS - Up-to-date, relevant, and considers changes over LESSON 5: MEDIA AND INFORMATION SOURCES time. CHARACTERISTICS OF USEFUL INFORMATION: At Publication: Information may be accurate when published but can change over time. RELIABILITY - Comes from trustworthy, verifiable, and cross- Relevance Over Time : Some information remains checkable sources. relevant; some becomes outdated. Verifying Information: Cross-check information Developing Stories: Check for updates in breaking with other credible sources. news. Fact-Checking: Validate statements using primary Historical Records: Reliable over time, such as sources and expert opinions. scientific laws and moral principles. Independent Validation: Peer reviews, audits, or Evaluating Timeliness: Consider publication date, third-party evaluations ensure reliability. latest updates, and changing details. Page | 4  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY VALUE Indigenous Radio Station: - Meets user needs, aids in decision making, and is Community-operated radio broadcasting in an audience-appropriate. indigenous language. VALUE OF INFORMATION Indigenous Newspaper: Local newspaper focusing on news and culture relevant to an indigenous Fulfills User’s Needs: Information is valuable if it community. educates, updates, or helps decisions. Indigenous TV Network: TV network run by an Relevance to the User: Value depends on the indigenous organization, featuring cultural user’ s specific needs. programming. Urgency and Importance: Determine if Open Education Sources: Free and openly information is urgent or requires further review. licensed materials for teaching, learning, and research. Purpose of Information: Inform, persuade, entertain, or sell. Open Educational Resources (OER): Intended Audience: Identify who would find the Accessibility: Publicly accessible resources that information valuable. users can remix, improve, and redistribute. AUTHORITATIVENESS Notable OER Sources: - Source has expertise, objectivity, and ethical Khan Academy: Online exercises, videos, and standards. personalized learning dashboards. Indicators of Authoritativeness: Source’s Open Textbook Library: Curated, peer-reviewed reputation, expertise, transparency, and open textbooks used in higher education. standards. Benefits of OER: Increased access to resources, Evaluating Authoritativeness: Assess author promoting flexibility and personalized learning. credentials, publisher reputation, and use of reliable data. Challenges of OER: Maintaining quality, reliability, and sustainability in adoption and use. Authoritative Sources: Academic journals, government publications, and reputable news Alternative M&I Sources outlets. Blogs: Personal websites offering commentary and MEDIA AND INFORMATION SOURCES insights. Community Media: Local newspapers, radio, and Podcasts: Audio discussions on media topics. TV stations serving specific communities. Online Forums: Communities for discussing media Library: Collections of books, journals, and and information management. resources for public access and research. Alternative News: Non-traditional outlets with Internet: A global network providing access to alternative perspectives. vast information and communication services. Social Media Influencers: Influential individuals Cyberspace: The digital landscape for online sharing opinions on media trends. interactions and data exchange. Peer-to-Peer Networks: Decentralized platforms for information exchange. Page | 5  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY LESSON 6: MEDIA AND INFORMATION LANGUAGES Media Conventions How the Audience Gets the Message? Producers - Production - Message - Media - Audience - Standards or norms governing media production. Producers: Create and assemble media content into finished products. - Story principles, structuring of time, generic structures, character arcs, and Message: Information sent from a source to a point of view. receiver/audience. Criteria for Evaluating Media Codes and Symbols Other Stakeholders: Libraries, archives, museums, internet, distributors, and venues that 1. Attractiveness: Eye-catching and visually provide access to media content. pleasing. 2. Creativity: Imaginative and aesthetically Audience: Consumers for whom the media presented. message is created, including anyone exposed to it. 3. Validity of Information: Reliable, accurate, and authoritative. Target Audience: Specific group addressed by media content based on shared characteristics 4. Meaningfulness: Cohesive presentation (age, gender, profession, etc.). with supporting details. Active Audience: Theory that audience interpretation of media messages varies based on their history and perspective. MEDIA LANGUAGE - Vocabulary used by media professionals to communicate ideas, including codes, conventions, formats, symbols, and narrative structures. NARRATIVE - The sequence of events that tell a story in media texts. MEDIA CODES - Tools used to construct meaning in media: Technical Codes: Sound, camera lighting, camera angles, editing, camera shots, color grading. Symbolic Codes: Language, setting, actions, costumes, props, colors. Written Codes: Text, captions, typography, writing styles, graphics, titles. Page | 6