Water Resources on Earth 2 - MELC 8 PDF

EARTH’S WATER RESOURCES  STUDENT REFLECTION ACTIVITY (15 minutes) Each student will enumerate at least 3 uses of water in his/her notebook and write a sentence or two describing that use of water in his/her life. Using the wheel of names, the teacher will randomly choose 3-4 students to share...

EARTH’S WATER RESOURCES  STUDENT REFLECTION ACTIVITY (15 minutes) Each student will enumerate at least 3 uses of water in his/her notebook and write a sentence or two describing that use of water in his/her life. Using the wheel of names, the teacher will randomly choose 3-4 students to share an output.  71% 2.5% Earth’s surface is covered with water Earth’s freshwater 97.5% 0.4% Earth’s water in Earth’s freshwater oceans humans can easily use Where and Hydrologic Cycle in what (Water Cycle) forms is Water is constantly water moving among Earth’s different spheres—the available on hydrosphere, the Earth? atmosphere, the geosphere, and the biosphere. Source: UNESCO The United Nations World Water Development Report 2  Hydrologic Cycle (Water Cycle) Processes involved in the cycle are Evaporation Precipitation Infiltration Runoff Transpiration Evapotranspiration  Water volume, in Water volume, in Percent of Percent of Water source cubic miles cubic kilometers freshwater total water Earth’s Water Distribution Oceans, Seas, & Bays 321,000,000 1,338,000,000 -- 96.54 Ice caps, Glaciers, & 5,773,000 24,064,000 68.7 1.74 Permanent Snow Groundwater 5,614,000 23,400,000 -- 1.69 Fresh 2,526,000 10,530,000 30.1 0.76 Saline 3,088,000 12,870,000 -- 0.93 Soil Moisture 3,959 16,500 0.05 0.001 Ground Ice & Permafrost 71,970 300,000 0.86 0.022 Lakes 42,320 176,400 -- 0.013 Fresh 21,830 91,000 0.26 0.007 Saline 20,490 85,400 -- 0.006 Atmosphere 3,095 12,900 0.04 0.001 Swamp Water 2,752 11,470 0.03 0.0008 Rivers 509 2,120 0.006 0.0002 Biological Water 269 1,120 0.003 0.0001 Source: Igor Shiklomanov's chapter "World fresh water resources" in Peter H. Gleick (editor), 1993, Water in Crisis: A Guide to the World's Fresh Water Resources (Oxford University Press, New York)  How does 10% Earth’s freshwater is water move found in the atmosphere from the atmosphere Precipitation to the ground and 40% back? Source: UNESCO The United Nations World Water Development Report 2  The drier the How does climate, the water move higher the from the proportion of atmosphere precipitation to the that returns to ground and the back? atmosphere. Source: UNESCO The United Nations World Water Development Report 2 How much freshwater 0.25% Earth’s surface is found at freshwater the Earth’s surface?  75% Earth’s freshwater How much is frozen freshwater is found at the Earth’s surface? Source: fromthelabbench.com How much Lakes are the freshwater largest amount of is found at fresh surface the Earth’s water. surface? How much 45% of Earth’s area is freshwater covered by is found at major drainage or river basins the Earth’s surface?  How much freshwater can Non- be found renewable underground? or Renewable? 96% Source: Tarbuck, 2014 Earth’s freshwater found underground ROCKS STORE GROUNDWATER Aquifer – rocks that store groundwater in between intergranular spaces (zone of aeration when empty, zone of saturation when filled with water)  ASSIGNMENT: DETERMINE WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ARE PATHWAYS AND RESERVOIRS. The water cycle consists of interconnected pathways and reservoirs. Reservoirs are the places where water resides for varying amount of time. Pathways are the processes that allow water to move between reservoirs and subsystems by completing the table in the next slide. Accomplish in your notebook as a Notes Portfolio entry.  PATHWAY VS. RESERVOIR Write “reservoir” or “pathway,” whichever is applicable” 1. Oceans 2. Evaporation 3. Transpiration 4. Glacier 5. Condensation 6. Rivers 7. Precipitation 8. Groundwater 9. Sublimation 10. Infiltration