Reproductive System PDF

UNIT III – LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT Prepared by: Jesa Marie J. Mariñas Coordinated Functions of the Reproductive, Endocrine, and Nervous Systems REPRODUCTIV E SYSTEM Male And Female Reproductive System: Parts and Functions MALE internal organs that function...

UNIT III – LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT Prepared by: Jesa Marie J. Mariñas Coordinated Functions of the Reproductive, Endocrine, and Nervous Systems REPRODUCTIV E SYSTEM Male And Female Reproductive System: Parts and Functions MALE internal organs that function to produce, support, REPRODUCTIV transport, and deliver viable E SYSTEM sperm for reproduction. ▪Is network of external and PARTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM seminiferous tubules. ▪ Penis. The primary organ for PARTS OF THE MALE sexual intercourse and urination. It REPRODUCTIVE consists of three parts: the root (anchored to the pelvic floor), the SYSTEM body (shaft), and the glans (tip). ▪ Seminiferous tubules. Large coiled tubes that are the chief ▪ Scrotum. A fibromuscular sac that site for production of sperm. houses the testes and maintains an optimal temperature for sperm ▪ Epididymis. A coiled tube production through attached to each testicle, where thermoregulation. sperm mature and are stored ▪ Testes. Oval-shaped glands until ejaculation. located within the scrotum. They ▪ Ductus (Vas) deferens. A are responsible for producing muscular tube that transports sperm through mature sperm from the spermatogenesis in the epididymis to the ejaculatory and citric acid to semen, ducts during ejaculation. maintaining its fluidity and PARTS OF THE MALE supporting sperm viability. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: ▪ Bulbourethral (Cowper's) ACCESSORY GLANDS glands. Secrete a clear mucus ▪ Seminal vesicles. Produce a that lubricates the urethra and fructose-rich fluid that nourishes neutralizes residual acidity from the sperm and contributes to urine. semen volume. ▪ Prostate gland. Adds enzymes ▪ The testes (singular: testis) are the primary reproductive organs in males. ▪ The testes begin to produce sperm when males reach puberty. ▪ Adult males produces several hundred million sperm cells each day. ▪ After sperm is produced in the testis; it enters the epididymis where it is stored until maturity. Mature sperm then travels from the epididymis to the vas deferens. It exits the body through the urethra during ejaculation. THE HUMAN SPERM CELL Is the male reproductive cell and has three (3) parts: 1. Head. Made up of a nucleus covered by a cap called acrosome which stores the enzymes needed to penetrate the egg cell.  2. Midpiece. Contains the mitochondria that supply the energy needed to propel the sperm through the female reproductive tract. 3. Tail. Powerful flagellum that enables the sperm to move. MALE HORMONES AND FUNCTIONS ▪ Luteinizing Hormones (LH). Secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It stimulates the production of the sex hormone, testosterone. ▪ Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH). Also secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It stimulates sperm production in the seminiferous tubules. ▪ Testosterone. Produced by the Leydig cells. It is responsible for the development of secondary male characteristics during puberty such as deepening of the voice, growth of facial hair, broadening of shoulders, and increase in muscle mass.