LU2-1FA_Trim PDF - Function Analysis & Trimming

TMS/N/T1003 SYSTEMATIC INNOVATION AND INNOVATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING Semester 1 2022/2023 Learning Objective At the end of this lesson, students should be able to: 1. Describe what is function analysis. 2. Illustrate the process of component analysis, interaction analysis and funct...

TMS/N/T1003 SYSTEMATIC INNOVATION AND INNOVATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING Semester 1 2022/2023 Learning Objective At the end of this lesson, students should be able to: 1. Describe what is function analysis. 2. Illustrate the process of component analysis, interaction analysis and function model. 3. Demonstrate trimming process  Functionality People buy Functions or functionality, not products Understanding Functions and functionality at the most basic level is fundamental to the successful application of TRIZ Solutions change, but Functions stay the same Knowledge classification by Function allows ready access to other’s solutions  Function Analysis Component Interaction Function Analysis Analysis Model Identifies Identifies the Identifies and Components interaction evaluates the of the between the Functions Engineering Components performed by System and its the Components Supersystem  Function Analysis Function Action - verb Subject Object Carrier of the Parameters are Function changed/maintained due to action Function Analysis is an analytical tool that identifies Functions, their characteristics, and the cost of the System and the Supersystem Components Subject and Object are both Components in, or interact with, the Engineering System A Function is an action between a Subject and an Object, in which the Subject acts upon and modifies or maintains a parameter of the Object A parameter describes some inherent property of a Component Function Analysis Subject(Tool) Function Object moves Hammer Nail pull Hammer Nail Paper hold Weight Money  Function Language Function Models use simple language (which a child can easily understand) to describe functions hold Table Book hold Table Dog 7 Function Language remove Bristle Food String remove Food Stick remove Food  Avoid technical jargon Technical language is sometimes difficult for people to mentally image & restrict potential solutions Function language enables a bigger scope of potential solutions Technical language Function language Etch Remove Distill Separate Encapsulate Include Stream Deliver Zip Reduce Main Function: Delivers the system product The Product is what the Engineering System was designed to do or produce and the one that people pay for Most Engineering Systems contain only one Product Subject Function Object Engineering Systems Main Function Product  What is the Main Useful Function? When analyzing an Engineering System, firstly, define or decide what the system is designed to do, or to achieve. Identify and understand its main useful function. What is the purpose of the chair? Holds Person What is the purpose of the car? Moves Driver Exercise: What is the main useful function of the table? holds Table Bottle Exercise: What is the main useful function of the bottle? Bottle holds Liquid Exercise: What is the main useful function of the cap? seals Cap Bottle Exercise: What is the main useful function of the cap? seals Cap Bottle Exercise: What is the main useful function of the cap? stops Cap Liquid Exercise: What is the main useful function of the book? ??? Book ??? informs Book Person Function Analysis - Door Allow person to pass Stop person Provide open passage There are no functions between an open door and the person who walks through it because there are no interactions between them  Function Analysis - People Function Wait for bus There are no functions Waste time between the people who are Queue for bus waiting for the bus and the bus, because there are no interactions between them  Function Analysis: Tooth Brush Function Clean teeth Remove plaque Brighten teeth Remove food Keep teeth clean Prevent cavities Make teeth healthy Functions Subject Function Object Plane moves passengers Cup holds coffee Computer Processes (translates) Information Memory Remembers (retains) Information sentence informs user  Function Analysis Normal way of saying Function writing Hot air dries hair Air remove water Fan cools the body Lens magnifies the object Incandescent bulb illuminates the room Incandescent bulb illuminates the room Lightning rod attracts lightning Lightning rod attracts lightning Windshield protects the driver Windshield protects the driver  To understand an Engineering System, we need to analyze and identify the “interrelated and interdependent” Components that are organized and structured to deliver the main useful function of the system Component The Components of the Engineering System contain internal and external Analysis elements with which the object of analysis interacts, or co-exists with These elements continually “interact” and influence one another, directly or indirectly to maintain their activity and the existence of the system  What is Component ? Component is an identifiable Object that make up a part of an Engineering System Component can be Substances and/or Fields ◦ Substance is defined as an Object with rest mass (e.g. table, book, hammer, nail) ◦ Field is defined as an Object without rest mass that transfers an interaction between Substances (e.g. magnetic field, electric field) List of Components in and around the Engineering System back rest frame seat screws  Supersystem Components Supersystem Components interact with Engineering System but are not part of System Air Floor Humidity Person Lights Dust  Interaction Analysis Interaction Analysis is an analytical tool that identifies and understands the interaction between the components of the Engineering System Component Component C1 C6 Interaction C3 Interaction C2 Interaction C7 Interaction C5 C4 C8  Function Model Function Model is an analysis of the interaction between components of the Engineering System and Supersystem. It identifies the advantages and disadvantages of the functions acting on each of the components. Engineering System Supersystem Component Component C1 C6 Component Interaction C3 C2 Product Interaction Supersystem C5 C4 Component Component C7 Boundary of Engineering System  What is Function Model ? The main goal of Function Analysis is to identify specific disadvantages of an Object - namely, harmful Functions as well as useful Functions performed insufficiently, and those that are performed excessively Useful (Normal) Subject Object Useful (Insufficient) Subject Object Useful (Excessive) Subject Object Harmful Subject Object Definition of Interactions – Useful Functions Useful Function is defined as the product that delivers the purpose or functional requirement to its users as designed 1 Equal or Normal If the actual parameter value equal the Example: Interaction between Robotic required or designed value, the related arm and Plastic Bottle Function is defined as NORMAL Normal Useful Function: Insufficient Robotic arm holds Plastic 2 If the actual parameter value is less or falls below the required or designed bottle value, the related Function is defined as Insufficient Useful Function: INSUFFICIENT Robotic arm drops Plastic bottle Excessive 3 If the actual parameter value is more or falls above the required value, the Excessive Useful Function: Robotic arm crushes Plastic Function is defined as EXCESSIVE bottle Definition of Interactions – Harmful Functions A harmful function is defined as a function that worsens the parameters of the object of the function 4 Harmful Example: If the actual parameter value Interaction between generate damaging or Robotic arm and Plastic undesirable effects on their Bottle objects, the related Function is defined as HARMFUL Harmful Function: Robotic arm scratches Plastic bottle Harmful Robotic Plastic Arm Bottle Robotic arm stained Plastic bottle with grease Examples Refrigerator Cools product Useful Cools food Useless Heating of back portion of refrigerator Harmful Noise of compressor, CFC (causes global warming) Sufficient Normal cooling to a set temperature Excessive Excessive cooling (below required temperature) Insufficient Insufficient cooling(above required temperature) Exercise Gas stove Heats objects Useful Heat objects Useless Heating of environment Harmful Gas leak Sufficient Normal heating of object to desired temperature Excessive Excessive heating of object Insufficient Insufficient heating of object Examples/Exercise Automobile Moves people Useful Moves people Useless Energy waste when engine is running at a traffic light Harmful Emission of exhaust gas into atmosphere thereby polluting Sufficient Normal functioning of automobile Excessive Design for speed exceeding speed limit Insufficient When automobile cannot get out of snow/water/mud Example/Exercise Computer Process information Useful Process information Useless Energy consumed when switched on/left idle Harmful Electro-magnetic radiation, fan noise Sufficient Normal operation Excessive Insufficient Inability to process a task Example/Exercise Telephone Transmit audio signal e.g. speech Useful Useful Transmit audio signal e.g. speech Useless Useless If telephone has no signal Harmful Harmful Electro-magnetic radiation Sufficient Sufficient Works properly Excessive When sound transmission is too strong or distorted Insufficient When sound is difficult to hear  Exercise Carrier function object type Blade cuts grass useful Motor turns blade useful Gasoline powers motor useful Gasoline polutes air harmful Blade hits rock harmful Function Types Function Type Description Main function Purpose for which system exist Basic function Interaction between Tool and Product Auxiliary function Interaction between system components Additional function Computer Main function Information processing Basic function System unit for receiving, processing, storing and outputting of digital signal, keyboard for entering alphanumeric information, monitor for information display on screen Auxiliary function Power supply unit to provide electrical energy Example Telephone Main function Audio signal transmission Basic function Microphone for conversion of audio to electrical signal, earphone for conversion of electrical signal to audio, keypad for entering alpha-numeric information Auxiliary Entering input function(keypad) Automobile Main function Moving of people Basic function Fuel tank for storage of fuel, engine for conversion of fuel into translational motion, transmission for conversion of translational motion to rotational motion Auxiliary function Piston and cylinder for fuel consumption Additional function  Function Analysis Summary Component Interaction Function Analysis Analysis Model Identifies Identifies the Identifies and Components interaction evaluates the of the between the Functions Engineering Components performed by System and its the Components Supersystem Component Analysis Example Supersystem: Dust Ambient air Electric current Surface (floor) System: User Vacuum cleaner Subsystem: Floor brush Tube Dust collector Bod Fan motor Power cord y Sucking canal of Fan case the pipe Rotor Exhaust canal of Dust collector basket Rotor blades the pipe Floor brush case Fan stator Handle Filter of the motor protection Case of electric Brush Joint motor Control unit Intake air windows Control panel Stator of electric motor Sucking central Power cord reel Rollers hose Rotor of electric Exhaust canal motor Joint connector Exhaust outside hose Braid Absorption filters of Ball bearings Turbo-brush exhaust air Control wire Plug Collector Bearings of turbo- Sack Exhaust vents of brush Connector the wheel Electric brush Electric wire Holder Sample Project by Institute of Innovative Design: TRIZ Master Y.SALAMATOV [Shree Padnis, 2011]  Class Activity: Describe the functionalities and relationships of each components in a vacuum cleaner Source: Meriam Webster Visual Dictionary Class activity Formulate primary functions performed by: Shaving razor Toothbrush Mailbox Computer keyboard Flashlight Ski. Share your answers online by using Trello Board. Instructors Guide: Structural/Component Analysis Interaction Matrix Function Model Trimming TRIZ Tool : Trimming Content What is Trimming? Understand Trimming Rules How to use Trimming? Exercise Trimming Case Study What is Trimming? Trimming is a method of eliminating Components from an Engineering System to reduce or eliminate the disadvantages of those trimmed Components Trimming is used to increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of the Engineering System Trimming Rules RULE A The Function is not needed any more because the Object of the Function no longer exists RULE B The Object being worked by the Function performs the Function itself RULE C The Function is transferred to another Component in the System or Supersystem Rule A So Function can be trimmed Rule A: Computer X X informs CD Player Object CD not needed anymore informs Handy drive Rule B Luggage moves iitself Luggage moves X holds moves moves Trolley Person Rule C Plant holds X X X holds vase holds Table Trimming Factor – Product Diagnostic Analysis Function2 Trimming factor (T) = (Problem + Cost) Function Rank Reduce cost High Functionality High Functionality Low Problems and Costs High Problems and Costs functionality Increase Best Low Functionality candidates for High Problems and Costs trimming are Low Functionality in this Low Problems and Costs quadrant Problem + Cost Rank A more ideal system is one that is less costly and has fewer components  Exercise - Trimming Case Study #1 1 How do you trim a toothbrush? Step 1: Do a component analysis - what are the components of the system? Step 2: Understand the interaction - what is the main useful function? Step 3: Build a function model – which part can be trimmed? 2 Which trimming rules did you apply? Rule A: You don’t need the function anymore Rule B: The object performs the function itself Rule C: Some other components does the function 3 What does it look like?  Exercise - Trimming Case Study #1 1 What is the main useful function of a toothbrush? To remove plaque from teeth 2 Perform Function Analysis of a toothbrush hold hold remove Hand Handle Bristles Food 3 Perform Trimming. Which trimming rules did you apply?  Rule C: Some other components does the function hold hold remove Hand Handle Bristles Food hold remove Hand Bristles Food 4 What does it look like?  Exercise - Trimming Case Study #2 1 How do you trim a skipping rope? Step 1: Do a component analysis - what are the components of the system? Step 2: Understand the interaction - what is the main useful function? Step 3: Build a function model – which part can be trimmed? 2 Which trimming rules did you apply? Rule A: You don’t need the function anymore Rule B: The object performs the function itself Rule C: Some other components does the function 3 What does it look like?  Exercise - Trimming Case Study #2 1 What is the main useful function of a skipping rope? To exercise 2 Perform Function Analysis of a skipping rope hold hold move Hand Handle Rope People 3 Perform Trimming. Which trimming rules did you apply?  Rule C: Some other components does the function hold hold move Hand Handle Rope People hold move Solution 1 Hand Rope People hold move Solution 2 Hand Handle People What does it look 4 like?