LITE REVIEWER (1) PDF - Historical Computing Devices

Historical Computing Devices  Abacus: A mechanical device used to assist in performing mathematical calculations.  Arithmometer: A mechanical calculator invented by Thomas de Colmar in 1820.  Napier’s bones: Allows operators to multiply, divide, and calculate square and cube roots by...

Historical Computing Devices  Abacus: A mechanical device used to assist in performing mathematical calculations.  Arithmometer: A mechanical calculator invented by Thomas de Colmar in 1820.  Napier’s bones: Allows operators to multiply, divide, and calculate square and cube roots by moving rods around and placing them on specially constructed boards.  Tally Sticks: An ancient memory aid device used to record and document numbers, quantities, or even messages. Important Figures in Computing  Augusta Ada Byron: Known as the first programmer, she wrote programs for Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine.  Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz: Invented the Stepped Reckoner, an early calculating machine.  John Atanasoff: Built the first electronic digital computing device, the Atanasoff-Berry Computer.  Konrad Zuse: Invented the Z1, an early mechanical computer. Early Computers  ENIAC: The first electronic general-purpose computer.  Harvard Mark I: The first electromechanical computer, used for general-purpose calculations during World War II; invented by Howard H. Aiken.  Osborne 1: The first portable computer, released in 1981.  UNIVAC I: The first commercial computer, designed by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. Technology Concepts  Malware (Trojan Horse): Malicious software disguised as legitimate software.  Phishing: Online schemes aimed at stealing personal information by pretending to be trustworthy entities.  Robotics: An expanding field combining computers with science and engineering to create machines that can replace humans.  Mechanical Age: The period when connections began to emerge between early mechanical devices and modern technology. Laws and Acts  Republic Act No. 10173: Data Privacy Act of 2012, focusing on data protection and privacy.  Republic Act No. 10175: Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, aimed at combating cybercrimes in the Philippines. Internet and Web Concepts  Application Server: Manages the business logic of an application.  Browser: An application program that allows users to search for information on the web.  Encryption: Uses complex formulas to encrypt private data, making it unreadable to unauthorized users.  Internet: A global system connecting thousands of computer networks via data lines and wireless systems.  ISP (Internet Service Provider): Provides services for accessing and using the internet.  Social Media: Websites and apps that enable users to share comments, photos, and videos.  User Participation: Websites where users, not just the site owner, can update content.  Web 1.0: The early internet era where people could only read information online.  Web Portal: Gathers information from various sources in different formats into one place for easy access.  Wikis: Websites that allow collaborative editing of content by multiple users.