Life and Works of Rizal Handouts PDF

Life and Works of Rizal Hand Outs  Jose Rizal came from a 13-member family consisting of his parents, Francisco Mercado II and Teodora Alonso Realonda, and nine sisters and one brother.  The childhood of Jose Rizal can be characterized by his d...

Life and Works of Rizal Hand Outs  Jose Rizal came from a 13-member family consisting of his parents, Francisco Mercado II and Teodora Alonso Realonda, and nine sisters and one brother.  The childhood of Jose Rizal can be characterized by his desire to learn, even frequenting the church nearby his home to watch and observe people but not to be religiously inclined.  His first childhood memory was his happy days in their family garden  Because he was frail, sickly, and undersized, his parents gave him tons of attention.  Angelus prayer and praying of the rosary were part of his daily routine  He also got an “aya”  Concha (Concepcion) died of sickness in 1865.  “When I was four years old, I lost my little sister Concha, and then for the first time, I shed tears caused by love and grief.”  Rizal revealed that The Story of the Moth made the profoundest impression to him.  It was a story to teach him a very valuable life lesson  At age five, he started making sketches and clay figures.  He was also a banner-maker in town fiestas.  Rizal once said, “All right, laugh at me now! Someday, when I die, people will make monuments and images of me!”  He has a God-given gift for literature.  Sa Aking Mga Kababata (To My Fellow Children) was written by Rizal when he was eight years old  This poem reveals Rizal’s earliest nationalist sentiment.  A. Hereditary Influence Malayan Ancestors love for freedom desire to travel courage  Chinese Ancestors serious nature frugality patience love for children A. Hereditary Influence  Spanish Ancestors elegance sensitivity to insult gallantry to ladies  From his father  sense of self-respect  love for work  independent thinking  From his mother  religious nature  spirit of sacrifice  passion for arts and literature B. Environmental Influence  The scenic beauties of Calamba stimulated his inborn artistic and literary talents  Paciano, his brother, instilled the love for freedom and justice  His sisters taught him to be kind to women  Tio Jose Alberto - artistic ability  Tio Manuel - develop his frail body through exercise, horse riding, walking, and wrestling  Tio Gregorio - intensified his voracious reading of good books  Father Leoncio Lopez - fostered his love for scholarship and intellectual honesty C. Aid of Divine Providence  God had endowed him with the versatile gifts of a genius, the vibrant spirit of a nationalist, and the valiant heart to sacrifice for a noble cause. Rizal’s Life: Education  Rizal had his early education in Calamba and Biñan. It was a typical schooling that a son of an ilustrado family received during his time, characterized by the four R’s- reading, writing, arithmetic, and religion.  Rizal’s first teacher was his mother.  Her mother taught him the first alphabets and prayers at age three.  Maestro Celestino - Rizal’s first tutor  Maestro Lucas Padua - Rizal’s second tutor  Leon Monroy - lived in Rizal’s residence to teach him Spanish and Latin  In June 1869, Jose went to Binan with his brother Paciano to study.  His sightseeing with his cousin, Leandro, had no good effect on him.  Paciano brought his younger brother to the Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz school.  Jose met the bully, Pedro. He was angry at this bully for making fun of him during his conversation with the teacher in the morning.  After four months after the martyrdom of GomBurZa and with Dona Teodora still in prison, Jose was sent to Manila to study.  Escuela Pia (Charity School) - Ateneo Municipal - Ateneo de Manila  Father Magin Fernando refused to admit Rizal because:  He was later for registration  He was sickly and undersized for his age  Rizal was accepted because of Manuel Xerez Burgos  He used the family name “Rizal”  Father Magin Fernando refused to admit Rizal because:  He was later for registration  He was sickly and undersized for his age  Rizal was accepted because of Manuel Xerez Burgos  He used the family name “Rizal”  Rizal eventually earned a land surveyor’s and assessor’s degree from the Ateneo Municipal while taking Philosophy and Letters at the University of Santo Tomas. Upon learning that his mother was going blind, Rizal opted to study ophthalmology at the UST Faculty of Medicine and Surgery.  The bachelor of arts course is equivalent to high school.  In April 1877, he entered UST, taking the course of Philosophy and Letters.  Two reasons why he took this course:  his father liked it  he was still uncertain as to what career to pursue  He crafted his poem A La Juventud Filipina (To the Filipino Youth  In 1878, he decided to study medicine to treat his mother’s growing blindness  Without the knowledge of his parents, Rizal traveled to Europe in May 1882. According to his biographer, Austin Craig, Rizal, “in order to obtain a better education, had had to leave his country stealthily like a fugitive from justice, and his family, to save themselves from persecution, were compelled to profess ignorance of his plans and movements.  Rizal earned a Licentiate in Medicine at the Universidad Central de Madrid, where he also took courses in philosophy and literature. It was in Madrid that he conceived of writing Noli Me Tangere. He also attended the University of Paris and, in 1887, completed his eye specialization course at the University of Heidelberg. It was also in that year that Rizal’s first novel was published (in Berlin).  Ang "Noli Me Tangere" ni Jose Rizal ay isang klasikong nobela sa panitikang Pilipino na naglalarawan ng mga abuso at katiwalian sa ilalim ng kolonyal na pamamahala ng Espanya sa Pilipinas. Ito ay naglalaman ng maraming mahahalagang impormasyon at aral na naglalayong magmulat at magpahayag ng mga pangyayari at isyu sa lipunan. Narito ang ilang mga mahahalagang aspeto sa pag-aaral ng nobelang ito: Pangunahing Kwento: Ang "Noli Me Tangere" ay naglalarawan ng buhay ni Crisostomo Ibarra, isang mag-aaral na nagbabalik mula sa Europa upang alamin ang tunay na nangyari sa kanyang ama at magbigay- katwiran sa kanyang mga paniniwala. Naglalaman ito ng mga kuwento ng mga pangyayari sa bayan ng San Diego, kung saan nagpapakita ng mga karanasan ng mga Pilipino sa ilalim ng pamumuno ng mga prayle at kolonyal na gobyerno. Tema at mga Aral: Katarungan at Kamalayan: Ang nobela ay nagpapakita ng laban ni Ibarra para sa katarungan at pagkakapantay-pantay sa ilalim ng pang-aapi at katiwalian ng mga prayle at mga opisyal ng pamahalaan. Pag-ibig at Pagpapakasakit: Ipinapakita rin nito ang mga kuwento ng pag-ibig at sakripisyo tulad ng pagmamahal ni Ibarra kay Maria Clara at ang pag-ibig ng mga magulang sa kanilang mga anak. Mga Elemento ng Panitikan: Sosyal na Kritisismo: Ang nobela ay isang mahusay na halimbawa ng sosyal na kritisismo, kung saan ipinapakita nito ang mga suliraning panlipunan at pang-ekonomiya sa panahon ng kolonyalismo. Tayutay: Ginagamit ni Rizal ang iba't ibang uri ng tayutay tulad ng simbolismo at metaphor upang magbigay ng dagdag na kalaliman at kahulugan sa mga karakter at pangyayari sa nobela. Kultural na Kahalagahan: Ang "Noli Me Tangere" ay naging isang simbolo ng pagkakamulat at pakikibaka ng mga Pilipino laban sa pang-aapi at katiwalian ng mga dayuhan at lokal na naghahari. Ipinakikita nito ang mga tradisyonal na kultura at pamumuhay ng mga Pilipino noong panahon ng kolonyalismo, pati na rin ang kanilang pakikibaka para sa kalayaan at katarungan. Modernong Interpretasyon: Kahit na isinulat noong ika-19 na siglo, ang "Noli Me Tangere" ay patuloy na may kaugnayan sa kasalukuyang lipunan at kultura ng Pilipinas. Ipinapakita rin ito sa iba't ibang anyo ng sining at panitikan tulad ng dula, pelikula, at mga modernong adaptasyon upang mapalaganap ang mga aral at mensahe nito sa mas malawak na audience. Sa pamamagitan ng pag-aaral sa "Noli Me Tangere," natutuklasan at naipapahayag natin ang mga suliraning panlipunan, politikal, at kultural ng panahon ng kolonyalismo sa Pilipinas. Ipinapakita rin nito ang kahalagahan ng pagkakamulat at pakikibaka ng mga mamamayan laban sa pang-aapi at katiwalian. Ang nobelang "El Filibusterismo" ni Jose Rizal ay isa sa mga pinakamahalagang akda sa panitikang Pilipino at isa sa mga mahahalagang tala ng kasaysayan ng Pilipinas. Narito ang ilang mahahalagang impormasyon at aspeto ng pag-aaral sa nobelang ito: Pangunahing Kwento: Ang "El Filibusterismo" ay sumunod sa kwento ni Juan Crisostomo Ibarra, na bumalik sa Pilipinas bilang ang karakter na Simoun. Si Simoun ay isang maalamat na mangangalakal na may lihim na layunin na maghiganti sa mga taong nagdulot ng kanyang paghihirap at ng lipunan. Ipinapakita sa nobela ang mga kawalang-katarungan sa lipunan ng Pilipinas sa pamamagitan ng pagpapakita ng korupsyon, kasakiman, at pang-aabuso ng mga nasa kapangyarihan. Tema at mga Aral: Paghihiganti: Isa sa mga pangunahing tema ng nobela ay ang paghihiganti, na ipinapakita sa karakter ni Simoun at ang kanyang layunin na gumanti sa mga umapi sa kanya at sa lipunan. Korupsyon at Kasamaan sa Lipunan: Ipinapakita ng nobela ang mga kaipokrituhan at katiwalian sa lipunan, na humahantong sa kahirapan at pagdurusa ng mga tao. Mga Elemento ng Panitikan: Simbolismo: Ginagamit ni Rizal ang iba't ibang mga simbolo at imbakan upang ipahiwatig ang mga mensahe at konsepto sa nobela. Tayutay: Mayroong mga tayutay tulad ng mga simile, metaphor, at personipikasyon na ginagamit upang bigyang-diin ang mga pangyayari at damdamin sa nobela. Kultural na Kahalagahan: Ang "El Filibusterismo" ay isang mahalagang salamin ng lipunan at kultura ng Pilipinas noong panahon ng kolonyalismong Espanyol. Ipinapakita nito ang mga pangyayari at sitwasyon sa lipunan ng Pilipinas sa panahon ng kolonyalismo at ang mga hangarin ng mga Pilipino na makamit ang kanilang kalayaan at katarungan. Modernong Interpretasyon: Kahit na isinulat noong panahon ng kolonyalismo, ang mga aral at mensahe ng "El Filibusterismo" ay patuloy na may kahalagahan sa kasalukuyang lipunan at kultura ng Pilipinas. Ipinapakita ito sa iba't ibang anyo ng sining at panitikan, tulad ng mga dula, pelikula, at mga modernong adaptasyon, upang mapalaganap ang mga aral at mensahe nito sa mas malawak na audience. Sa pamamagitan ng pag-aaral sa "El Filibusterismo," natutuklasan at nauunawaan natin ang mga pangyayari at karanasan ng mga Pilipino noong panahon ng kolonyalismo, pati na rin ang kahalagahan ng paglaban para sa kalayaan at katarungan. Handout #2 Rizal’s Life: Life Abroad Rizal’s Life: In Sunny Span (1882-1885) After finishing the 4th year in the Medical School in UST, he decided to go to Spain to continue his studies Reasons why he left: He is disgusted with the antiqued method of instruction in this Dominican-owned university He didn’t like the racial prejudice of Dominican professors against Filipino students. Secret mission To observe keenly the life and culture, languages, and customs, industries and commerce, and governments and laws of the European nations in order to prepare himself in the mighty task of liberating his oppressed people from Spanish tyranny. Rizal’s departure was kept secret to avoid detection by the Spanish authorities People who knew about his departure: Paciano (his brother Antonio Rivera (his uncle and father of Leonor Rivera) Neneng and Lucia (his sisters) Capitan Juan, Capitana Sanday, and Orang (the Valenzuelan Family) -Pedro A. Paterno -Mateo Evangelista (his compadre) Ateneo Jesuit Fathers Jose M. Cecilio He used the name Jose Mercado. Before his departure, he wrote a farewell letter for his parents and his sweetheart, Leonor Rivera. May 3, 1882 – He departed on board the Spanish steamer Salvadora bound for Singapore. Rizal’s Life: Secret Departure for Singapore He was the only Filipino passenger. Donato Lecha - the ship captain He was described as an affable man. May 9 – The Salvadora docked at Singapore. He landed and registered at Hotel de la Paz Rizal’s Life: From Singapore to Colombo He was transferred to a ship named, Djemnah. He left Singapore on May 11 He discovered that he couldn’t converse well in French May 17 – Djemnah reacher Point Galle, Ceylon (Sri Lanka) May 18 – He reached Colombo Rizal’s Life: Life in Madrid November 3, 1882 – he enrolled in Universidad Central de Madrid in two courses – Medicine and Philosophy and Letters. He also studied painting and sculpture at Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando He also took French, German, and English lessons He also learned fencing and shooting in Hall of Arms of Sanz y Carbonell He lived a Spartan life. He only spent his money on his basic necessities. Lottery was his only pestas. He visited Don Pablo Ortiga y Rey Rizal’s Life: Romance with Consuel Ortiga y Perez Consuelo is Don Pablo’s daughter He composed a poem entitled A La Senorita C. O. y P. He backed out from his relationship with Consuelo: He was still engaged with Leonor Rivera His friend, Eduardo de Lete, was madly in love with Consuelo Rizal’s Life: Rizal as a Mason In March 1883, he joined the Masonic lodge called Acacia in Madrid. He became a mason to secure Freemasonry’s aid and in his fight against the friars in the Philippines. He transferred to Lodge Solidaridad Rizal’s Life: Financial Worries He joined a contest about the Greek language and won a gold medal.  He was able to eat dinner. Rizal’s Life: Rizal’s Involvement in Student Demonstration He participated in some riots because he was disgusted by Catholic bishops’ bigotry. Rizal’s Life: Studies Completed in Spain He completed his studies and was conferred the degree of Licentiate Medicine. The following academic year, he studied for a Doctor of Medicine and passed all the subjects. However, he still needs to submit his thesis and pay his fees so he was not granted this course. At long last, Rizal completed his studies in Spain. By obtaining the degree of Licentiate in Philosophy and Letters, he became qualified to be a professor of humanities in any Spanish university. And by receiving his degree of Licentiate in Medicine, he became a full-fledged physician, qualified to practice medicine. He did not bother to secure the post-graduate degree of Doctor of Medicine because it was, together with the licentiate in philosophy and letters, good only for teaching purposes. Rizal’s Life: Paris to Berlin He went to Paris and Berlin to specialize in ophthalmology. He worked as an assistant to Dr. Louis de Weckert Five reasons why Rizal lived in Berlin: To gain further knowledge of ophthalmology To further his studies of sciences and languages To observe the economic had political conditions of the German nation To associate with German scientist and scholars To publish Noli Me Tangere During the day, he worked as an assistant to Dr. Schweigger and studied at the University of Berlin at night. He starved and had a rough winter in Berlin. Rizal’s Life: First Homecoming He went back home: To operate his mother’s eyes To serve his people who Spanish tyrants had long oppressed To find out for himself how Noli were affecting Filipinos and Spaniards To inquire why Leonor Rivera remained silent  I had a pleasant voyage Doctor Uliman He didn’t see Leonor Rivera Governor General Emilio Terrero summoned Rizal Rizal’s Life: In Hong Kong and Macau Hounded by powerful enemies, he had no choice but to leave the country. Rizal’s Life: Romantic Interlude in Japan Rizal arrived at Yokohama Romance with O-Sei-San April 13, 1888 – he departed to Japan Rizal’s Life: Visit to the United States Rizal first saw America on April 28, 1888 His arrival in this great country was married by racial prejudice. He saw the discriminatory treatment of the Chinese and Negros by the white Americans The good impressions were: The material progress of the country as shown in the great cities, huge farms, flourishing industries, and busy factories The drive and energy of American The natural beauty of the land The high standard of living The opportunities for better life offered to poor immigrants Rizal’s Life: Went to London He went to London because it is safe for him to stay there. He learned about Asociacion La Solidaridad He went to London because it is safe for him to stay there. He learned about Asociacion La Solidaridad