Philosophies of Education PDF
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This document outlines various educational philosophies such as Idealism, Realism, Essentialism, Perennialism, Progressivism, and more. Each philosophy provides differing viewpoints on the nature of knowledge, learning, and teaching. The document emphasizes the broad spectrum of approaches and perspectives in education.
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**IDEALISM** - Plato - Spiritual, Values, Moral, Socratic Method - Mind **REALISM** - Aristotle - Tangible (Able to touched) - Reality exist undeceived **ESSENTIALISM** - Bagley - Basic, 3r's - Achievement test, certain knowledge and skills are essential for rational...
**IDEALISM** - Plato - Spiritual, Values, Moral, Socratic Method - Mind **REALISM** - Aristotle - Tangible (Able to touched) - Reality exist undeceived **ESSENTIALISM** - Bagley - Basic, 3r's - Achievement test, certain knowledge and skills are essential for rational being **HUMANISM** - Beauty +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **PERENNIALISM** | - Hutchins | | | | | | - Forever | | | | | | - Knowledge is eternally valid, | | | Last for century | +===================================+===================================+ | **BEHAVIORISM** | - Skinner or Watson | | | | | | - Learning is change in | | | behavior, S-R Relationship | | | | | | - Environment | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **PRAGMATISM** | - Dewey | | | | | | - Practice/Workable | | | | | | - Knowledge is what works | | | | | | - Problem solving research | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **PROGRESSIVISM** | - Dewey | | | | | | - Learning by doing | | | | | | - Higher level of knowledge | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **EXPERIMENTALISM** | - Dewey | | | | | | - Hands on | +===================================+===================================+ | **REALISM** | - Aristotle | | | | | | - Tangible (Able to touched) | | | | | | - Reality exist undeceived | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **DEVELOPMENTALISM** | - Experience | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **EXISTENTIALISM** | - Hegel | | | | | | - Choice | | | | | | - We are what we do | | | | | | - Deciding precedes knowing | | | | | | - Knowledge is subjective | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **CONSTRUCTIVISM** | - Meaningful learning | +===================================+===================================+ | **RECONSTRUCTIONISM** | - Brameld | | | | | | - Society | | | | | | - Social change | | | | | | - The school should help | | | rebuild the social order | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **UTILITARIANISM** | - Use | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **EMPERICISM** | - Locke | | | | | | - Senses | | | | | | - Knowledge comes thru senses | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **RATIONALISM** | - Reason | +===================================+===================================+ | **NATURALISM** | - Nature | | | | | | - Only nature exist | | | | | | - Nature is better than | | | civilization | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **EPICUREANISM** | - Enjoy | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **HINDONISM** | - Pleasure | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **BUDDHISM** | - Inner peace | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **CONFUCIANISM** | - Golden rule | +===================================+===================================+ | **HINDUISM** | - Life | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **TAOISM** | - Balance | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **SHINTOISM** | - Japan | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **XENOCENTRISM** | - Colonial mentality | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **EGOCENTRISM** | - Self-Centered | +===================================+===================================+ | **SOCIAL** | - For better society | | | | | **RECONSTRUCTIVISM** | - Community based learning | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **STRUCTURALISM** | - Helmholts or Wundt | | | | | | - Complex mental exp such as | | | image, feeling and sensation | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **FUNCTIONALISM** | - James, Nugell or Carr | | | | | | - Focus to motivation, thinking | | | and learning | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **PURPOSIVISM** | - Hormic | | | | | | - Fulfillment | | | | | | - Motive to strive toward the | | | objectives | +===================================+===================================+ | **PHILOSOPHICAL** | - Moore | | | | | **ANALYSIS** | - Reality is what verifiable | | | | | | - Truth corresponds to reality | | | | | | - Usage determines meaning | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
