Methods of Philosophizing: Distinguishing Facts and Opinion PDF

) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) METHODS OF ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) PHILOSOPHIZING: Distinguishing Facts and Opinion Presented Credits by: Ms. Fatima to : Ms. Fatima Clai...

) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) METHODS OF ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) PHILOSOPHIZING: Distinguishing Facts and Opinion Presented Credits by: Ms. Fatima to : Ms. Fatima Claire Claire S. Espiritu S. Espiritu ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) OBJECTIVE 1 2 3 Determine the Distinguish Illustrate the difference opinions from three between truth truth by perspective and analyzing regarding the knowledge; given situation truth. correctly; ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) TRUTH It lies at any heart of inquiry. A fact that has been verified. Philosophers often grapple with the concept of truth. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) KNOWLEDGE It is the clear awareness and understanding of something. It is important to clarify knowledge before we discuss truth, since it through knowing that we are able to determine what is true. (Abella, 2016) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) FACTS Propositions or statements which are observed to be real or truthful are considered. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) CLAIMS Statements that are not evidently or immediately known to be true. A further examination is required to establish whether it is true or false. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Philosophy has various views which can help us tackle the concepts of knowing the truth, and arrive at a reasonable assessment if a statement, idea, or event is believable. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) 3 THEORIES OF TRUTH ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) CORRESPONDENCE THEORY It states that a proposition is true if it is corresponding to the facts. (Hospers 1997) ex: The snow is white One needs to check if the statement corresponds to facts ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) COHERENCE THEORY It states that if a proposition coheres with all the other propositions taken to be true, then it is true. (Hospers 1997) ex: The snow is white One needs to check if it is Frozen water is ice, ice is white, consistent with other beliefs known snow is frozen water hence, snow to be true is white. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) PRAGMATIC THEORY It states that a proposition is true if it is useful to believe. (Hospers 1997) William James = “Father of Pragmatism” ex: The snow is white One needs to test if the proposition works in reality; specifying the pigment white and checking to see if different snow samples exhibit the white pigment. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) 5 PERSPECTIVES REGARDING TRUTH ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Intro ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ACCORDING TO ABELLA (2016) There are several views regarTding truth. But what kind of belief is truthful? How do we know that what we believe is true? He further explained, that everything we know about this world is true. But philosophers who pondered upon the origins of knowledge doubted everything that there is to know about themselves and the world. It is said that there are instances when we have to unlearn something so that we may learn anew. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Intro ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) A belief is true if it can be justified or proven through the use of one’s senses. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Intro ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) A belief or statement is true if it is based on facts. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Intro ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Getting a consensus or having people agree on a common belief. But this approach has certain limitations. (Abella 2016) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Intro ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) A statement should be proven through an action to determine the truth. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Intro ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Claims and beliefs should be subjected to tests to determined truth. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) DISTINGUISHING TRUTH FROM OPINION ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) OPINION ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Statements that go beyond providing Conclusions facts judgement base on Provide conclusions certain facts or perspectives regarding certain situations. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) BELIEFS ) ) ) ) ) ) ) statements that Explanations express convictions statements that that are not easily assume the claim to and clearly be true and provide explained by facts. reasons why the statement is true.  Thank You ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )