Lesson 3 Earth Subsystems PDF

AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  WORKPLAN...

AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  WORKPLAN Routines/ 5S: Greetings! (5 minutes) Prayer Attendance Introduction to the lesson Motivation: "Trivia Time! Can you shed some light on what a (10 minutes) light year is?" Activity: Seatwork: Discover the Wonders of Light Years! (15 minutes) Discussion: Earth Subsystems: Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, Geosphere/Lithosphere (25 minutes) Wrap up/ 5S: Reminders/Announcements Prayer (5 minutes)  EARTH AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Roughly 4.5 billion years old Third planet orbiting around the sun Only planet in our solar system to have surface liquid water Home to the only known life in the universe After the formation of the solar system, Earth's AGENDA Routines/5S development involved key stages: Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Accretion: Dust and small Wrap Up/5S particles in the solar nebula collided and stuck together, gradually forming larger bodies called planetesimals. Proto-Earth Formation: Continued collisions and mergers of planetesimals formed a growing body, known as proto-Earth. After the formation of the solar system, Earth's AGENDA development involved key stages: Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Differentiation: Heat from Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S radioactive decay and collisions caused proto-Earth's interior to melt and separate into layers, forming the core, mantle, and crust. Moon Formation: A collision with a Mars-sized body led to the creation of the Moon from the resulting debris. After the formation of the solar system, Earth's AGENDA development involved key stages: Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Atmosphere and Ocean Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Development: Volcanic activity released gases, forming Earth's early atmosphere. Water vapor condensed, creating an ocean. Tectonic Activity: As Earth cooled, its crust broke into tectonic plates, setting the stage for the formation of continents and ongoing geological processes. What keeps us and other organisms alive? AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork The four major components of the earth’s about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S life-support system are the atmosphere (air), the hydrosphere (water), the geosphere (rock, soil, and sediment), and the biosphere (living things). Life is sustained by the flow of energy from the sun through the biosphere, the cycling of nutrients within the biosphere, and gravity. Three factors that sustain life on AGENDA Routines/5S Earth Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S One-way flow of high-quality energy from the sun Cycling of matter or nutrients through parts of the biosphere Gravity  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  Earth’s Subsystems AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Atmosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere Biosphere Earth's subsystems refer to the major, interacting components of the Earth system that work together to regulate and influence the planet's processes and conditions. These subsystems include the geosphere (solid Earth), hydrosphere (water), atmosphere (air), and biosphere (life). Each subsystem is interconnected with the others, meaning changes or events in one subsystem can affect the others.  Earth’s Subsystems AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s The atmosphere is the layer Subsystem Wrap Up/5S of gases surrounding Earth, held in place by gravity. The atmosphere protects life by blocking harmful solar Atmosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere Biosphere radiation, regulating Earth's climate, supporting weather processes, and providing the oxygen necessary for respiration.  Earth’s Subsystems AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork Protection: It shields the planet from about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem harmful solar radiation and space Wrap Up/5S debris. Climate Regulation: It helps regulate Earth's temperature through the greenhouse effect, where certain gases trap heat. Weather and Climate: It is the Atmosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere Biosphere medium where weather occurs, influencing precipitation patterns, wind, and temperature. Breathable Air: It provides the oxygen necessary for most life forms to breathe.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia 1. ATMOSPHERE Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Evolution of the Atmosphere Composition of the Atmosphere Layers of the Atmosphere Functions of the Atmosphere Human Impact and Current Issues  Earth’s Atmospheric Evolution AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) The Earth's atmosphere has evolved from an early mix of Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s hydrogen and helium to its current, life-supporting Subsystem Wrap Up/5S composition. Initially shaped by volcanic activity and outgassing, it later transformed significantly due to biological processes such as photosynthesis. Over geological time, further changes have occurred due to volcanic eruptions, the development of life, and human activities. Understanding these changes is crucial for comprehending the evolution of Earth's climate and its life-supporting conditions.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Earth’s Atmospheric Evolution Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Significant Events: Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Formation of Earth from the Wrap Up/5S protoplanetary disk. Protoplanetary Disk Formation of Characteristics of the Atmosphere: Earth Hydrogen and Helium Hydrogen and helium are very (4.6 billion thin atmospheres due to high years ago) temperatures. High Temperatures Impact on Earth: The initial atmosphere is lost to space due to high temperatures and volatile conditions.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Earth’s Atmospheric Evolution Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Significant Events: Subsystem Intense volcanic activity Wrap Up/5S releases gases. Volcanic Activity Volcanic Characteristics of the Atmosphere: Outgassing Greenhouse Gases Rich in CO₂, H₂O, CH₄ (4.0 - 3.0 (Methane), NH₃ (Ammonia); billion years very little to no oxygen. ago) Early Atmosphere Impact on Earth: Formation of a thick, greenhouse gas-rich atmosphere; cooling and condensation of water vapor to form oceans.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Earth’s Atmospheric Evolution Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Significant Events: Subsystem Water vapor condenses to Wrap Up/5S form the first oceans. Ocean Formation Formation of Characteristics of the the First Atmosphere: Oceans (around CO₂ Reduction CO₂ dissolves in oceans; the 4.0 billion atmosphere begins to stabilize years ago) with less CO₂. Life Beginnings Impact on Earth: Reduces atmospheric CO₂; sets the stage for life development.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Earth’s Atmospheric Evolution Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Significant Events: Subsystem Cyanobacteria start producing Wrap Up/5S oxygen through Oxygen Formation photosynthesis. Great Oxidation Characteristics of the Event (around Ozone Layer Atmosphere: 2.5 - 2.0 billion Significant increase in O₂ years ago) levels; atmosphere starts to Photosynthesis become more oxidizing. Impact on Earth: Formation of the ozone layer; protection from UV radiation; supports development of complex life.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Earth’s Atmospheric Evolution Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Significant Events: Subsystem Evolution of complex Wrap Up/5S eukaryotic organisms. Eukaryotes Biodiversity Rise of Eukaryotes Characteristics of the and Complex Life Atmosphere: (around 1.5 Higher levels of Oxygen Higher levels of O₂ continue to billion–541 million stabilize; development of years ago) diverse ecosystems. Ecosystem Development Impact on Earth: Enhanced biodiversity; support for complex life forms.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Earth’s Atmospheric Evolution Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Significant Events: Subsystem Evolution of complex Wrap Up/5S eukaryotic organisms. Eukaryotes Biodiversity Paleozoic Era Characteristics of the Atmosphere: (541 - 252 Higher levels of Oxygen Higher levels of O₂ continue to million years stabilize; the development of ago) diverse ecosystems. Ecosystem Development Impact on Earth: Enhanced biodiversity; support for complex life forms.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Earth’s Atmospheric Evolution Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Significant Events: Subsystem Age of dinosaurs; increased Wrap Up/5S volcanic activity. Age of Dinosaurs Mesozoic Era Characteristics of the Atmosphere: (252 - 66 Increased of Volcanic Higher CO₂ levels due to million years Activity volcanic eruptions; relatively ago) stable O₂ levels. Climate Fluctuations Impact on Earth: Climate fluctuations; has implications on global temperatures and ecosystems.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Earth’s Atmospheric Evolution Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Significant Events: Subsystem Rise of mammals and ice ages. Wrap Up/5S Age of mammals Characteristics of the Cenozoic Era Atmosphere: Stable composition: ~78% N₂, (66 million Stable Air Composition ~21% O₂, ~0.93% Ar, ~0.04% years ago - CO₂; recent increases in CO₂. Present) Climate Stabilization Impact on Earth: Stabilization of climate; recent warming due to increased greenhouse gases.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Earth’s Atmospheric Evolution Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Significant Events: Subsystem Rapid industrialization and Wrap Up/5S fossil fuel burning Industrilization Industrial Characteristics of the Atmosphere: Revolution Ongoing changes in Atmospheric Compostions Increased CO₂ and other (1800s - greenhouse gases; ongoing Present) changes in atmospheric Global warning and composition. Climate Change Impact on Earth: Global warming; climate change; impacts on weather patterns and ecosystems.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork Argon about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Oxygen Wrap Up/5S Nitrogen Composition of the Earth's Atmosphere AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Nitrogen (N₂) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Role: Stabilizes the atmosphere; essential for plant growth. Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Oxygen (O₂) Role: Supports respiration in animals and plants; necessary for combustion. Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Role: Essential for photosynthesis; regulates Earth's temperature as a greenhouse gas. Water Vapor (H₂O) Role: Crucial for weather and climate; regulates temperature through the water cycle. Argon Group (Argon, Neon, Helium, Krypton) Role: These inert gases are non-reactive and are used in various industrial applications, such as lighting and cooling, without interacting with other gases in the atmosphere. ATMOSPHERES OF THE PLANET AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Main Atmospheric Temperature Range Subsystem Composition Wrap Up/5S - Trace amounts of -173°C to 427°C Oxygen (O₂), Sodium (-280°F to 800°F) (Na), Hydrogen (H₂), Helium (He) Unique Feature Can Sustain Life? Very thin atmosphere No - Extreme (exosphere), extreme temperatures, Mercury temperature minimal atmosphere variations ATMOSPHERES OF THE PLANET AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Main Atmospheric Temperature Range Subsystem Composition Wrap Up/5S - 96.5% Carbon ~465°C (870°F) Dioxide (CO₂) (surface) - 3.5% Nitrogen (N₂) Unique Feature Can Sustain Life? Thick, dense atmosphere, extreme No - Extreme heat, greenhouse effect, toxic atmosphere Venus sulfuric acid clouds ATMOSPHERES OF THE PLANET AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Main Atmospheric Temperature Range Subsystem Composition Wrap Up/5S - 78% Nitrogen (N₂) -88°C to 58°C - 21% Oxygen (O₂) (-126°F to 136°F) - 0.93% Argon (Ar) - 0.04% Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) - Water vapor (variable) Unique Feature Can Sustain Life? Supports life, weather patterns, Yes - Supports ozone layer (UV diverse life forms Earth protection) ATMOSPHERES OF THE PLANET AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Main Atmospheric Temperature Range Subsystem Composition Wrap Up/5S - 95% Carbon Dioxide -125°C to 20°C (CO₂) (-195°F to 68°F) - 2.7% Nitrogen (N₂) - 1.6% Argon (Ar) Unique Feature Can Sustain Life? Thin atmosphere, weak greenhouse No - Thin effect, dust storms atmosphere, low Mars temperatures ATMOSPHERES OF THE PLANET AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Main Atmospheric Temperature Range Subsystem Composition Wrap Up/5S - 89.8% Hydrogen -145°C (-234°F) (H₂) (cloud tops) - 10.2% Helium (He) Unique Feature Can Sustain Life? No solid surface, thick gaseous No - Gaseous, envelope, strong extreme conditions Jupiter magnetic field, large storms ATMOSPHERES OF THE PLANET AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Main Atmospheric Temperature Range Subsystem Composition Wrap Up/5S - 96.3% Hydrogen -178°C (-288°F) (H₂) (cloud tops) - 3.25% Helium (He) Unique Feature Can Sustain Life? Prominent ring system, strong winds, No - Gaseous, large storms extreme conditions Saturn ATMOSPHERES OF THE PLANET AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Main Atmospheric Temperature Range Subsystem Composition Wrap Up/5S - 82.5% Hydrogen -224°C (-371°F) (H₂) (cloud tops) - 15.2% Helium (He) - 2.3% Methane (CH₄) Unique Feature Can Sustain Life? Coldest atmosphere, No - Gaseous, extreme cold Uranus methane gives a blue-green color ATMOSPHERES OF THE PLANET AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Main Atmospheric Temperature Range Subsystem Composition Wrap Up/5S - 80% Hydrogen (H₂) -218°C (-360°F) - 19% Helium (He) (cloud tops) - 1% Methane (CH₄) Unique Feature Can Sustain Life? Strongest winds, dynamic storms, No - Gaseous, methane gives a blue extreme cold Neptune color  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S ATMOSPHERE AND CLOUD FORMATION AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S  AGENDA Routines/5S ATMOSPHERE AND CLOUD FORMATION Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S 1. Evaporation The Sun’s energy heats the Earth’s surface. Water absorbs this heat through radiation, causing it to evaporate into water vapor.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia ATMOSPHERE AND CLOUD FORMATION Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem 2. Heating and Wrap Up/5S Rising of Air Conduction: The heat from the Earth's surface is transferred to the air in contact with it through conduction, warming the air. Convection: The warm, moist air, now less dense, rises due to convection. As it rises, it carries water vapor upwards.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia ATMOSPHERE AND CLOUD FORMATION Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem 3. Cooling of Wrap Up/5S Rising Air As the warm, moist air ascends, it expands and cools due to the decrease in atmospheric pressure.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia ATMOSPHERE AND CLOUD FORMATION Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S 4. Condensation When the rising air cools to its dew point, condensation occurs. Water vapor condenses into tiny droplets or ice crystals around particles in the air, forming clouds.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia ATMOSPHERE AND CLOUD FORMATION Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S 5. Cloud Formation These tiny droplets or ice crystals cluster together to form visible clouds. The specific type of cloud depends on factors such as altitude, temperature, and humidity.  AGENDA Routines/5S ATMOSPHERE AND CLOUD FORMATION Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Cloud Types Different cloud types (cirrus, cumulus, stratus, etc.) form based on the altitude and the specific conditions of the atmosphere.  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia ATMOSPHERE AND CLOUD FORMATION Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S 6. Precipitation If the cloud droplets combine and grow large enough, they fall to the Earth as precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, or hail).  AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia ATMOSPHERE AND OZONE LAYER Time! (Light years) The ozone layer in the stratosphere plays a vital role in Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S protecting life on Earth by filtering out harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. The ozone layer acts as a shield, preserving life by filtering out most of the Sun's harmful rays. Without the ozone layer, the Earth would be exposed to dangerously high levels of UV radiation, making it nearly impossible for most life forms to survive.  AGENDA ATMOSPHERE AND OZONE LAYER Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Longest wavelength; least intense/harmful Not absorbed by the ozone layer. Effects: Skin aging, indirect DNA damage, eye damage (cataracts). Protection: Broad-spectrum sunscreen, sunglasses, shade. UV-A (Ultraviolet A) ATMOSPHERE AND OZONE LAYER AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Medium wavelength; more harmful. Partially absorbed by the ozone layer. Effects: Sunburn, skin cancer (melanoma), eye damage, immune suppression. Protection: SPF sunscreen, protective clothing, avoid peak sun hours. UV-B (Ultraviolet B)  AGENDA ATMOSPHERE AND OZONE LAYER Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Shortest wavelength; most harmful/intense. Fully absorbed by the ozone layer. Effects: Potentially severe tissue damage (in artificial exposure). Protection: Ozone layer blocks natural UV-C; protective gear for artificial sources. UV-C (Ultraviolet C)  ATMOSPHERE AND HUMAN AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) INFLUENCE Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Sources: Industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, burning fossil fuels, and agricultural practices. Effects: Health: Respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, premature mortality. Air Pollution Environment: Damage to ecosystems, reduced visibility, acidification of water bodies.  ATMOSPHERE AND HUMAN AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) INFLUENCE Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Causes: Emissions of ozone-depleting substances (e.g., CFCs, halons) used in refrigeration, air conditioning, and aerosol propellants. Effects: Increased UV Radiation: Higher levels of harmful UV-B and UV-C rays reaching the Earth's surface. Ozone Layer Health: Increased risk of skin cancer, cataracts, and other health issues. Depletion Ecosystems: Damage to marine life, plants, and animals. ATMOSPHERE AND HUMAN AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) INFLUENCE Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Causes: Concentration of buildings, roads, and other infrastructure in urban areas, which absorb and retain heat. Effects: Heat Stress: Increased risk of heat-related Urban Heat illnesses in urban populations. Energy Consumption: Higher demand for Effect cooling, leading to increased energy use and emissions  ATMOSPHERE AND HUMAN AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) INFLUENCE Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Causes: Clearing of forests for agriculture, logging, and urban development. Effects: Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Release of stored carbon dioxide (CO₂) and reduced carbon sequestration. Deforestation Loss of Biodiversity: Habitat destruction affecting wildlife and plant species.  ATMOSPHERE AND HUMAN AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) INFLUENCE Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Causes: Emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) from burning fossil fuels. Effects: Health: Respiratory problems due to airborne acidic particles. Property Damage: Corrosion of buildings, Acid Rain monuments, and infrastructure. Ecosystems: Soil and water acidification affecting plants, aquatic life, and biodiversity.  ATMOSPHERE AND HUMAN AGENDA Routines/5S Motivation: Trivia Time! (Light years) INFLUENCE Activity: Seatwork about Light Years Discussion: Earth’s Subsystem Wrap Up/5S Causes: Increased greenhouse gas emissions (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O) from fossil fuel combustion, deforestation, and industrial activities. Effects: Temperature Rise: Global warming leads to more frequent heatwaves. Climate Change Extreme Weather: Increased severity of hurricanes, droughts, and floods. Sea Level Rise: Melting polar ice and thermal expansion of seawater.