Intellectual Revolutions That Defined Society (PDF)

Republic of the Philippines POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Office of the Vice President for Branches and Campuses QUEZON CITY BRANCH LESSON 2 – Intellectual Revolutions That Defined Society INTRODUCTION: The previous chapter tackled how historic...

Republic of the Philippines POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Office of the Vice President for Branches and Campuses QUEZON CITY BRANCH LESSON 2 – Intellectual Revolutions That Defined Society INTRODUCTION: The previous chapter tackled how historical antecedents have affected the course of science and technology. It has been established that most, if not all, of the discoveries and inventions in science and technology during each time period were due to human needs and wants. Brilliant minds responded to the call of the times and created things that could make life easier for the people. There have also been instances when advancements in science and technology changed people’s perceptions and beliefs. Much of these events happened in a period now known as the Intellectual Revolution. The developments during the Intellectual Revolution showed how society was transformed by science and technology. OBJECTIVE: Articulate ways by which society is transformed by science and technology COURSE MATERIALS: The term "Intellectual Revolution" is used to refer to Greek speculation about the "nature" in the period before Socrates (roughly 600 to 400 BCE). Hence, the alternative, technical terms are "pre Socratic" or "non-theological" or "first philosophy". Bear in mind that the "philosophy" in question has little to do with ethics, and much more to do with what we would call physics or logic. There are three characteristic features of this form of speculation. First, the world is a natural whole (that is, supernatural forces do not make things 'happen'). Second, there is a natural 'order' (that is, there are 'laws of nature'). Third, humans can 'discover' those laws. Intellectual Revolutions A. Copernican - this caused the paradigm shift of how the earth and sun were placed in the heavens/universe. It is the idea that rejected Ptolemaic model (earth is the center of the solar system) and proved the heliocentric model (Sun is the center of the solar system having the earth revolving around it.) B. Darwinian - this has brought a great impact on how people approach Biology forever. This revolution provided a different than the "theory of Creation". The Darwinian revolution started when Charles Darwin published his book "The Origin of Species" that emphasizes that humans are the result of an evolution. C. Freudian - This theory has started to revolutionize Psychiatry with Sigmund Freud. This includes the "Freudian Theory of Personality" that involves the human development contributes to his/her personality and also his "psychoanalysis" that is the process for achieving proper functioning if a human does not complete his/her developmental stage. D. Information - This has been the era in which technology has been prevalent. It is also known as the Computer Age that has brought so much change on how are we living today. E. Meso-american - It has contributed a lot ideas or discoveries for Archaeology. The temples and pyramids left a lot about of Architecture that leads us to study more of it. F. Asian - The revolution itself taught Asian countries about freedom and independent nationhood along the improvement brought by it internally. Page | 1 Don Fabian St., CommonwealthQuezon City Philippines “THE COUNTRY’S 1stPOLYTECHNICU”  Republic of the Philippines POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Office of the Vice President for Branches and Campuses QUEZON CITY BRANCH G. Middle East - The revolutions in the Middle East were a product of the development and growth of individual nationalism, imperialism, for the efforts to westernize and modernize Middle Eastern societies, and to push the declining power of the Ottoman Empire in the Arab region. H. African - The fight against colonialism and imperialism in Africa. REFERENCES: Addemy. (2019).Chapter 2: Intellectual Revolutions. Retrieved from: www.addemy.co/?lesson=intellectual-revolutions https://www.simplypsychology.org/psyche.html Page | 2 Don Fabian St., CommonwealthQuezon City Philippines “THE COUNTRY’S 1stPOLYTECHNICU”