Qualitative Research Characteristics PDF

Characteristics, Strengths, Weaknesses and Kinds of Qualitative Research SIR WALTZ ☺  The following are the major characteristics of research: 1. EMPIRICAL - is based on observations and experim...

Characteristics, Strengths, Weaknesses and Kinds of Qualitative Research SIR WALTZ ☺  The following are the major characteristics of research: 1. EMPIRICAL - is based on observations and experiments of theories. 2. SYSTEMATIC - follows orderly and sequential procedures, based on valid procedures and principles. 3. CONTROLLED - In research, all variables, except those that are tested/ experimented on, are kept constant. Sample Footer Text 2  QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Sample Footer Text 3  Qualitative research is a method focused on exploring and understanding human experiences, behaviors, and social phenomena through non-numerical data, like interviews and observations, to gain in- depth insights and context. Sample Footer Text 4  CHARACTERISTICS Sample Footer Text 5  EXPLORATORY NATURE Focuses on exploring a topic or phenomenon in-depth, rather than testing a hypothesis or theory. It seeks to understand underlying meanings, experiences, and motivations. 6  NON-NUMERICAL DATA Collects data in the form of words, images, or observations instead of numbers. Common data sources include interviews, focus groups, and case studies. 7  SUBJECTIVE UNDERSTANDING Emphasizes the subjective experiences and perspectives of participants, capturing their feelings, beliefs, and interpretations of events. 8  CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS Examines the context in which the research takes place, understanding how the environment or culture influences behaviors and perceptions. 9  INDUCTIVE APPROACH Rather than testing pre-established hypotheses, qualitative research generates theories and patterns from the data itself. It builds understanding through observation and analysis. 10  FLEXIBLE AND ADAPTIVE Research methods are flexible and can evolve during the study based on the insights gathered. This allows for deeper exploration as new findings emerge. 11  RICH AND DETAILED DATA Produces in-depth and detailed descriptions of experiences, often through open-ended questions and unstructured interactions. 12  STRENGTHS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Sample Footer Text 13  IN-DEPTH UNDERSTANDING Provides a deep, detailed understanding of a phenomenon by exploring participants' perspectives, experiences, and feelings in their natural context. Sample Footer Text 14  FLEXIBILITY The research process is flexible and can adapt to new insights as they emerge, allowing for a more responsive and open- ended exploration of the topic. Sample Footer Text 15  RICH DATA Generates rich, descriptive data that offer a comprehensive view of the subject matter, which is useful for understanding complex social issues. Sample Footer Text 16  EXPLORATORY NATURE Ideal for exploring new or under- researched areas where hypotheses have not yet been formed, providing foundational insights for further study. Sample Footer Text 17  CONTEXUAL RELEVANCE Focuses on the context in which the research occurs, allowing for a more accurate understanding of behaviors, attitudes, and events within a specific cultural or social setting. Sample Footer Text 18  HOLISTIC APPROACH Offers a broad view of the research topic, considering various factors and influences that might not be captured in quantitative research. Sample Footer Text 19  PARTICIPANT - CENTERED Centers on the experiences and voices of participants, making it particularly useful for understanding personal or marginalized perspectives. Sample Footer Text 20  THEORY BUILDING Helps develop new theories or refine existing ones, as it generates patterns and themes from the data rather than testing predetermined hypotheses. Sample Footer Text 21  RICHNESS IN DATA INTERPRETATION Allows for nuanced interpretation of data, uncovering complex emotions, motivations, and behaviors that can be difficult to quantify. Sample Footer Text 22  WEAKNESSES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Sample Footer Text 23  SUBJECTIVITY The researcher's biases or personal perspectives can influence the interpretation of data, which may affect the objectivity and reliability of the findings.  LIMITED GENERALIZABILITY Since qualitative research often involves small, non-random samples, the results are typically not generalizable to larger populations or different contexts. TIME CONSUMING The process of collecting and analyzing qualitative data can be very time- intensive due to the detailed nature of data collection (e.g., interviews, focus groups) and in-depth analysis.  DIFFICULT TO REPLICATE The flexible and adaptive nature of qualitative research makes it hard to replicate exactly, which can challenge its reliability and consistency across different studies.  COMPLEX DATA ANALYSIS Analyzing qualitative data is often complex and subjective, requiring thorough coding and interpretation. This process can be challenging without proper expertise or tools.  LACK OF STANDARDIZATION There is no universally accepted method for conducting qualitative research, which can lead to variations in how studies are designed and analyzed, potentially limiting comparability.  RISK OF RESEARCHER BIAS The close involvement of researchers in data collection and interpretation can lead to biases, as their personal beliefs or expectations might influence the results..  DIFFICULTY IN QUANTIFYING RESULTS Qualitative research focuses on understanding meanings and experiences, which makes it difficult to quantify or measure results in a statistical manner.  TYPES/KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Sample Footer Text 32  ETHNOGRAPHY A qualitative research method where researchers immerse themselves in the natural environment of a group or culture to observe and understand their behaviors, practices, and social interactions through participant observation and interviews. Sample Footer Text 33 EXAMPLE: Exploring the Cultural Practices and Social Dynamics of Coastal Fishing Communities in Donsol, Sorsogon, Philippines.  CASE STUDY Involves an in-depth investigation of a single case, such as an individual, group, or event, to explore its complexities in its real-life context. Multiple data sources like interviews and documents are often used to gain a comprehensive understanding. Sample Footer Text 35  Challenges and Coping Mechanisms of Senior High School Students in Balancing Academics and Extracurricular Activities  NARRATIVE RESEARCH Centers on collecting and analyzing personal stories or narratives to understand how individuals make meaning of their life experiences and how these stories shape their identity over time. Sample Footer Text 37  Voices of Resilience: Personal Stories of Senior High School Students Overcoming Academic Challenges  PHENOMENOLOGY Focuses on exploring individuals' lived experiences to understand how they perceive and make sense of those experiences, aiming to uncover the essence of phenomena from the participants' perspective. Sample Footer Text 39  Exploring the Lived Experiences of Senior High School Students Transitioning to a New Learning Modality  ACTION RESEARCH A collaborative research method where researchers work directly with participants to identify and solve problems, implement changes, and study the outcomes, often with the goal of improving practices or fostering social change. Sample Footer Text 41 Enhancing Student Engagement in Online Learning through Interactive Teaching Strategies: An Action Research  CONTENT ANALYSIS A systematic method for analyzing and interpreting the content of various forms of communication (such as text, media, or images) to identify patterns, themes, or trends that reveal deeper insights about the subject matter. Sample Footer Text 43 Analyzing the Representation of Gender Stereotypes in Advertisements: A Content Analysis of Filipino Television Commercials  FIELD RESEARCH A method involving direct observation of people in their natural settings to gather data about their behaviors, interactions, and environments. Sample Footer Text 45  Exploring the Impact of Community-Based Learning Programs on Senior High School Students in Donsol  DISCOURSE ANALYSIS Examines language use in communication, including speech, texts, and media, to understand how language shapes social interactions, power dynamics, and cultural meanings. Sample Footer Text 47  Examining Teacher-Student Interactions in the Classroom: A Discourse Analysis of Communication Patterns in Senior High School Education