The Contemporary World - Introduction PDF

The Contemporary World Why do we need to study the world? Our daily experience are considered interactions with other country. -Relatives from OFW’s; -stories about foreign countries; -media, internet are also our windows to the contemporary world; -foods, transportation, and mobile p...

The Contemporary World Why do we need to study the world? Our daily experience are considered interactions with other country. -Relatives from OFW’s; -stories about foreign countries; -media, internet are also our windows to the contemporary world; -foods, transportation, and mobile phones.  Just by living your life, you automatically think about the contemporary world. Relevance of the this course 3 It is important to study the world as will be interacting with it. -plan to work in another country; -foreign companies operating in our countries; Relevance of the this course 1 1 2 3 Studying the It is important to It is important to outside world is a study the world study the world as cure to because it will teach will be interacting parochialism or you more about with it. an outlook that is yourself. Knowing -plan to work in limited to one’s other countries another country; immediate allows us to -foreign companies community. compare our society operating in our (parochial person with others. countries; is a close-minded) Relevance of the this course 1 1 2 3 Studying the It is important to It is important to outside world is a study the world study the world as cure to because it will teach will be interacting parochialism or you more about with it. an outlook that is yourself. Knowing -plan to work in limited to one’s other countries another country; immediate allows us to -foreign companies community. compare our society operating in our (parochial person with others. countries; is a close-minded) Relevance of the this course 1 1 2 3 Studying the It is important to It is important to outside world is a study the world study the world as cure to because it will teach will be interacting parochialism or you more about with it. an outlook that is yourself. Knowing -plan to work in limited to one’s other countries another country; immediate allows us to -foreign companies community. compare our society operating in our (parochial person with others. countries; is a close-minded) At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to: 1. agree on a working definition of globalization; for the course; 2. differentiate the competing conceptions of globalizations; and 3. narrate a personal experience of globalization.  /. Introduction to the Study of Globalization  Globalization is the interconnectedness of the world's economies, /. societies, and cultures. It's a complex and multifaceted process that has reshaped our world in profound ways.  Globalization it is a hard concept to define as it is redundant to other terms such as internalization, liberalization, universalization, and westernization. Scholte states that defining globalization along the line of these terms fails to provide new understandings of the world.  Globalization Globalization as mere internationalization is useless since internationality and internationalization are already terms being used to refer to the interaction and interdependence between states.  Globalization Globalization as liberalization, on the other hand, is also unnecessary since it was not included in earlier debates about Laissez-Faire or the principle if leaving the market alone, thus, an irrelevant factor in liberal discourse.  Globalization Globalization as universalization risk the misconception that the world is slowly homogenizing into one entity when in fact, there are numerous points of resistance coming from different cultures, group, and communities at varying scales.  Globalization Globalization as westernization drags the term further back into colonialism and makes it a one-sided and biased concept. This interpretation presupposes that everything in the world would soon follow Western models of politics or standards of culture and civilization. “ Globalization is transplanetary spread of connections between people. ” This definition puts globalization as the shift in the nature of social space wherein people become more able- physically, legally, linguistically, culturally, and psychologically- to engage with each other whenever on Earth they may be. Jan Aart Scholte  Globalization National developments and issues from one country can be consumed and read but people from different countries making them relate to what is happening to other groups of people. Ex. Marawi terrorist attack in 2017 Explosion in Beirut  Globalization is the increasing integration of economies, societies, and cultures across national borders. It encompasses the flow of goods, services, capital, people, and information across the globe.  Types ofPolitical Globalization Globalization Economic Globalization Political Globalization Social Globalization Cultural Globalization The integration The growing The The convergence of national influence of interconnectedness of cultures economies into a international of societies through the global market, organizations through migration, exchange of ideas, driven by trade, and the spread cultural exchange, values, and investment, and of democratic and the spread of practices, leading financial flows. values and ideas and to a globalized institutions. information. popular culture. Globalization is driven by a combination of factors, including Drivers of Globalization technological advancements, economic liberalization, and political cooperation. 1 Technology 2 Trade Liberalization Advances in communication and The reduction of trade barriers, such transportation technologies have as tariffs and quotas, has facilitated the movement of goods, encouraged increased trade and services, and information across investment between countries. borders. 3 Economic Liberalization 4 Political Cooperation The adoption of market-oriented International agreements and economic policies has led to the organizations, such as the World growth of multinational corporations Trade Organization and the and international financial markets. International Monetary Fund, have promoted global economic integration Economic Aspects of Globalization Globalization has had a profound impact on the global economy, leading to increased trade, investment, and economic growth. Benefits Challenges Increased trade has led to Globalization has also led to lower prices for consumers job losses in some sectors, and a wider variety of goods particularly manufacturing, as and services. It also creates companies relocate to new jobs and opportunities countries with lower labor for businesses. costs. It can also increase inequality within and between countries. Social and Cultural Impacts of Globalization Globalization has led to the convergence of cultures, facilitated by the exchange of ideas, values, and practices. Cultural Exchange globalization has led to the spread of popular culture, including music, fashion, and food, across borders. Migration The movement of people across borders has increased cultural diversity in many countries. Social Change Globalization has also contributed to social change, including the rise of new social movements and the growing awareness of global issues. Political Implications of Globalization Globalization has also had significant political implications, influencing the power dynamics between states and the rise of international institutions. Increased Nations become more reliant on each other Interdependence for trade, investment, and security. Rise of International Organizations like the United Nations and Organizations the World Trade Organization play a more significant role in global governance. Challenges to Globalization raises questions about the National Sovereignty limits of national sovereignty as global issues, such as climate change and financial crises, require international cooperation. Environmental Considerations in Globalization Globalization has both positive and negative impacts on the environment, posing challenges related to resource consumption, pollution, and climate change. Resource Consumption Pollution Climate Change Sustainability Globalization has Globalization has also Global warming and Globalization presents increased the contributed to climate change are an opportunity to demand for natural pollution, as the significant promote sustainable resources, leading to production and environmental practices and reduce deforestation, transportation of goods challenges exacerbated the environmental depletion of fossil and services generate by globalization, driven impact of economic fuels, and other waste and greenhouse by increased energy activity. environmental gas emissions. consumption and problems. carbon emissions. Challenges and Criticisms of Globalization Despite its benefits, globalization has also faced criticism for its negative impacts on developing countries, inequality, and cultural homogenization. 1 Inequality Globalization can exacerbate inequality between countries and within countries, as some groups benefit more from globalization than others. 2 Cultural Homogenization Globalization can lead to the spread of Western culture and values, which can threaten the cultural diversity of other nations. 3 Loss of National Sovereignty Globalization can limit the ability of national governments to regulate their economies and protect their citizens from the negative impacts of globalization.  As a student, how are going to maintain and/or develop Philippine economy, and cultures, despite of the challenges and criticisms of globalization? Opportunities and Benefits of Globalization Globalization offers numerous opportunities for economic growth, social progress, and cultural exchange, but it requires careful management to ensure equitable and sustainable development. Economic Growth Social Progress Cultural Exchange Increased trade Globalization can Globalization fosters and investment promote social cultural exchange can lead to progress by spreading and understanding, economic growth democratic values, promoting tolerance and job creation human rights, and and respect for in developing education. diversity. countries.  If you are the President of the Philippines, what will you do in order to address the economic crisis that the country is facing right now?  Conclusion: The Future of Globalization The future of globalization is uncertain, but it's clear that it will continue to shape our world in profound ways. It is essential to manage globalization in a way that balances its benefits with its challenges, ensuring a more equitable and sustainable future for all.