Lesson 1-2: Historical and Legal Bases of NSTP PDF

Lesson 1 - Historical and Legal Bases of NSTP Learning Objectives At the end of the topic, students are expected to: a) recognize how NSTP started b) identify pertinent laws in relation to the creation of NSTP Learning Content Meaning of Service it is doing something...

Lesson 1 - Historical and Legal Bases of NSTP Learning Objectives At the end of the topic, students are expected to: a) recognize how NSTP started b) identify pertinent laws in relation to the creation of NSTP Learning Content Meaning of Service it is doing something for the benefit of others. the action of helping or doing work for someone. it can be VOLUNTARY. The Traditional Filipino Service BAYANIHAN - This tradition among Filipinos shows community participation, democracy and cooperation. It may be for the benefit of an individual member of the community or the community as a whole. Spanish Colonial Administration Polos y servicios – During the Spanish period, these policy or practice were used to compel the Filipinos to work in public works. The polistas constructed churches, casas reales, roads, and built or repaired ships. Able-bodied men 16-60 years of age were obliged to render services as polistas. The Constitutional Mandate The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the people. The Government may call upon the people to defend the State and, in fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required, under conditions provided by law, to render personal military or civil service. (1987 Constitution, Article 2, Section 4) The State recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation-building and shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and nationalism, and encourage their involvement in public and civic affairs. (1987 Constitution, Article 2, Section 13) Through the above legal provisions, national service comes into existence specifically NSTP BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training The National Service Training Program (NSTP), is a civic education and defense preparedness program students instituted by the Government of the Philippines on 5 January 2000 by virtue of Republic Act9163, otherwise known as the "National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001." Under the NSTP Program, both male and female college students of any baccalaureate degree course or technical vocational coursein public or private educational institutions are obliged to undergo one of three program components for an academic period of two semesters. The students, however, are free to choose which particular program component to take. The three NSTP Program components are: CivicWelfare Training Service (CWTS) This program component is designed to provide students with activities contributory to the general welfare and betterment of life of the members of the community especially those developed to improve social welfare services. Literacy Training Service(LTS) This program component is designed to train students in teaching literacy and numeracy skills to schoolchildren and out-of-school youths. The hope is to continue learning on a peer - to - peer interaction. Reserve Officers' Training Corps(ROTC) This program component is designed to provide military education and trainingfor students to mobilize them for national defense preparedness. This is also a glimpse for young people to see how military life is and encourage them into service. Graduates of the ROTC program component are organized into the Citizen Armed Force, while graduates of the LTS and CWTS program components are organized into the National Service Reserve Corps(NSRC) administered by the Department of National Defense, the Commission on Higher Education and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority. There have been several legal precedents to the National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001. These include:  Commonwealth Act No. 1 Commonwealth Act No. 1, otherwise known as the "National Defense Act of 1935", was enacted by the National Assembly of the Philippineson 21 December 1935. It provided for obligatorymilitary servicefor all male citizens of ages between 18 and 30. Presidential Decree No. 1706 Presidential Decree No. 1706, otherwise known as the "National Service Law", was signed into law on 8 August 1980. It made national service obligatory for all Filipino citizens and specified three categories of national service: civic welfare service, law enforcement service and military service. Republic Act 7077 BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Republic Act 7077, otherwise known as the "Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Act", was enacted by the 8thCongress of the Philippineson 27 June 1991. The Reservist Act provided for organization, training and utilization of reservists, referred to in the Act as "Citizen Soldiers". The primary pool of manpower for the reservist organization are graduates of the Reserve Officers' Training Corpsbasic and advance courses. Lesson 2 - Philippine Constitution, Preamble and Bill of Rights  Learning Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to: 1. analyze the preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution. 2. recognize and acknowledge the duties and obligations of Filipino citizens. 3. cite activities in order to further promote and inculcate nationalism among the youth. Learning Content Preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution “We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure ourselves and posterity the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this constitution”. Bill of Rights (from Article III of 1987 Phil. Constitution) 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws. 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue upon probable cause to be determined personally by the judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the complaint and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. 3. The privacy of communication and correspondence shall ne inviolable except upon lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise as prescribed by law. 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the Government for redress of grievances. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS 5. No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. 6. The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of the court.  7. The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be recognized. 8. The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private sectors, to form unions, association, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged. 9. Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation. 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed. 11. Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person by reason of poverty. 12. Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have the right to be informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel preferably of his own choice. 13. The right to bail shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required. 14. No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law. 15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion when the public safety requires it. 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies. 17. No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself. 18. No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and aspirations. 19. Excessive fine shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted. Neither shall death penalty be imposed, unless for compelling reasons involving heinous crime, the Congress hereafter provide for it. 20. No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax. 21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense. 22. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted. Duties and Responsibilities of Filipino citizens Among others, the more important duties and obligations of every citizen in a democratic society are the following: 1. To be loyal to the Republic. This means faith and confidence in the Republic and love and devotion to the country. The citizen must be proud of his country, its custom, traditions, language, and institution. He must share in its glories and feel sad in its misfortunes. 2 2. To defend the state. Since the citizens of the Republic receive benefits and protection from the State of which they are apart, in return, it is their primary and honorable duty to defend it against any peril, whether from within or from without. 3. To contribute to the development and welfare of the State. This should be the concern of every citizen for he will be the first to enjoy the benefits thereof. He can contribute to the development and welfare of the state by paying taxes willingly and promptly, by cooperating in its activities and projects such as the preservation of peace and order, conservation of the natural resources and the promotion of social justice by patronizing local products and trades and by engaging in the productive work. 4. To uphold the constitution and obey laws. Since the constitution is the expression of the sovereign will of our people. 5. To cooperate with duly constituted authorities. 6. To exercise rights responsible and with due regard for the rights of others. 7. To engage in gainful work. Every citizen must consider his own responsibility and should strive to become a useful and productive member of society to assure not only himself but, more importantly, his family a lot worthy of human dignity.Every citizen should bear in mind that only hard and sustained work can mend a nations live and survive. 8. To register and vote. It is through suffrage that the will of the people is expressed. The quality of public officials and the policies of government, the success or failure of government depend, directly and indirectly, upon the voters.Voters must be discriminating in evaluating the credentials of candidates and not be satisfied with only their physical attributes and data. Duties and Rights of the Filipino People 1. Duties of the People The people of the Philippine Republic must understand that they have certain duties or obligations to perform. These duties are the price of freedom and of the rights which people enjoy a. to vote honestly and wisely b. to obey the laws of the land c. to respect public authority d. to be loyal to the Republic e. to defend the Motherland f. to pay taxes to the government g. to take active interest in local, national and international affairs  3 2. Rights of the People a. Natural rights – rights conferred upon human beings by God which cannot be taken away Example: right to life, right to love, right to marry b. Civil rights – rights granted by the State for the promotion of common welfare of individual citizens Example: right to own property, right to seek justice in the courts c. Political rights – rights conferred by the state to the people so that they may participate in government Example: right to citizenship, right to suffrage, freedom of speech d. Constitutional rights – rights recognized and protected by the constitution and part of the fundamental law of the land Example: freedom from slavery, freedom to choose one’s residence e. Statutory rights – rights conferred by statutes or law promulgated by a lawmaking body and can be abolished by the same body Example: right to inherit property, right to minimum wage, right to go to strike for higher wages