Anatomy, Head and Neck Exam 1 Review - PDF

**Exam One**: Introduction to Anatomy, Head and Neck This review (created by SI leader: Aliyah) will consist of practice questions to help familiarize you with the structure of potential questions you may come across on the exam and how to approach the questions. Keep in mind that this review is st...

**Exam One**: Introduction to Anatomy, Head and Neck This review (created by SI leader: Aliyah) will consist of practice questions to help familiarize you with the structure of potential questions you may come across on the exam and how to approach the questions. Keep in mind that this review is student made and it does not limit the possibilities on the topics nor questions that you may encounter on this exam. Please continue to reference your notes and powerpoints that Professor Chiarelli provided. Good luck studying! 1. Which of the following is NOT an accurate characteristic regarding Horner's Syndrome? a. Vasoconstriction b. Miosis c. Anhidrosis d. Partial ptosis 2. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is held together in place by ligaments and fibers and assists with adjustment of vision e. Lens f. Iris g. Retina h. Cornea 3. Where is the Choroid Plexus located? i. In the 1st and 2nd ventricles j. In the 2nd and 3rd ventricles k. In the 3rd and 4th ventricles l. In the 4th and 5th ventricles 4. CN III is responsible for innervating all of the extraocular muscles EXCEPT m. Superior rectus n. Medial rectus o. Inferior oblique p. Lateral rectus muscle 5. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is associated with mineral imbalance q. Osteoporosis r. Osteomalacia s. Osteosarcoma t. Rickets 6. Which of the following is NOT considered an unpaired bone of the skull? u. Temporal bone v. Occipital bone w. Sphenoid bone x. Ethmoid bone y. Some additional unpaired bones are mandible vomer 7. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a form of bone cancer z. Osteoporosis a. Osteomalacia b. Osteosarcoma c. Rickets d. Osteo - bone, -oma = cancer, tumor 8. What cranial nerve is responsible for innervating the superior oblique muscle? e. CN III f. CN IV g. CN V h. CN VI 9. Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding brain tumors? i. They metastasize j. They do not metastasize k. They are dependent on location and size l. Symptoms may vary 10. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a clinical disorder described by having an excess of aqueous fluid, which leads to increased pressure m. Cataracts n. Glaucoma o. Horner's Syndrome p. Direct Consensual Light Reflex 11. How is meningitis diagnosed? q. Biopsy of the pia mater r. Collection of CSF by lumbar puncture s. Biopsy of spinal cord t. Collection of meninges 12. Which of the following is NOT a reason as to why meninges are vulnerable to pathogens? u. Ophthalmic vein drains into the cavernous sinus v. Anastomoses are directly connected to capillary beds w. Infections can get into the skull due to drainage from anastomoses x. Skull fully fused, no flexibility for swelling 13. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the color portion of the eye y. Retina z. Cornea a. Iris b. Lens 14. A child was stung by a bee on their lip. The lip begins to swell and the child cries from pain. What nerve was innervated? c. Trigeminal nerve d. Facial nerve e. Vagus nerve f. Accessory nerve 15. Which of the following is NOT a bone that forms the eye orbit? g. Lacrimal bone h. Orbital plate of ethmoid bone i. Maxillae j. Orbital process of palatine bone 16. What cranial nerve is responsible for innervating the lateral rectus muscle? k. CN III l. CN VI m. CN V n. CN IX 17. Patient presents with memory loss and reasoning skills. Labs reveal that the patient has an accumulation of excess CSF within the ventricular system, due to decreased reabsorption of CSF. Patient is at great risk for necrosis and ischemia, so it is imperative that your team works quickly. Which of the following best describes the clinical disorder your patient is presenting with? o. Hydrocephalus p. Meningitis q. Arthritis r. Stroke 18. Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding intramembranous ossification? s. Occurs at 5-6 weeks of embryonic development t. Occurs multiple times throughout livelihood u. Occurs to form our skull, mandible, and clavicles v. Only occurs one time in livelihood 19. Patient arrived at the hospital because they suffered from a head trauma, which led to an aneurysm. Initial evaluation reveals that the patient had pupillary dilation, which arose from CN III palsy. What clinical disorder is this patient presenting with? w. Direct and consensual light reflex x. Cataract y. Glaucoma z. Papilledema 20. What neuroglia cells can be found in the central nervous system? a. Astrocytes b. Microglia c. Oligodendrocytes d. All of the above 21. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ contains significant integrity, which helps maintain the shape of the eye e. Vitreous body f. Vitreous humor g. Iris h. Retina 22. Which of the following is NOT a mimetic muscle? i. Risorius j. Zygomatic major k. Orbicularis oculi l. Medial rectus 23. The knee is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the hip, while the elbow is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the wrist m. Proximal, medial n. Lateral, superior o. Distal, proximal p. Medial, lateral 24. Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding cataracts? q. Results from an excess of aqueous humor r. Results from aggregation of proteins s. Can be influenced from an overuse of proteasome t. Can be influenced by genetics 25. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is associated with inflammation or pain in the temporomandibular joint. u. TMJ Syndrome v. TMJ w. Arthritis x. Brain tumor 26. How can you assess if the cavernous sinus has been compromised? y. Assess integrity of patient's eye muscle through having them follow the movement of the pencil with their eyes z. Palpate the skull a. Complete a reflex test b. Assess the patient's ability to grip 27. Within the meninges, where would you find cerebrospinal fluid? c. Pia mater d. Subarachnoid space e. Dura mater f. Grey matter 28. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is described by the narrowing of the arterial wall due to lipid deposition within the wall g. Atherosclerosis h. Arthritis i. Osteoarthritis j. Rickets 29. Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT pass through the cavernous sinus? k. CN III l. CN X m. CN IV n. CN VI 30. Which statement is NOT true regarding endochondral ossification? o. Cartilage is replaced by bone p. Will continue to develop through adulthood q. Occurs during 5-6 weeks of embryonic development r. Forms all bones aside from skull, mandible, and clavicle 31. What nerve innervates the muscles of mastication? s. Trigeminal nerve \-- CN V t. Oculomotor nerve u. Hypoglossal nerve v. Vagus nerve 32. Patient is a 49 year old woman that had frequent fractures over the course of a few months. Labs reveal that the patient has deficient estrogen levels and they are unable to promote bone growth. What clinical disorder is this patient presenting with? w. Osteoporosis x. Osteosarcoma y. Osteomalacia z. Rickets 33. Which of the following is NOT a muscle of mastication? a. Masseter b. Temporalis c. Medial pterygoid d. Inferior rectus 34. Patient is diagnosed with a consensual light reflex. You ask the patient to cover their right eye and you shine a light into the left eye. The left pupil constricts, as you shine the light. If you ask the patient to uncover their right eye, what would you expect to see? e. Right pupil constricts f. Right pupil dilates g. Right iris constricts h. Right iris dilates 35. Why is the macula the area in which we have the greatest visual acuity? i. Significant integrity j. Contains aqueous humor k. Significant amount of rods and cones present l. Held together by ligaments 36. In a low lighted environment we would expect the pupil to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, while in an extreme lighted environment, we would expect the pupil to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ m. Dilate, dilate n. Constrict, constrict o. Constrict, dilate p. Dilate, constrict 37. What is the function of the paranasal sinus? q. Protect against pathogens r. Helps with humidifying air s. Equilibrium t. Maintain structure of nose 38. How is cerebrospinal fluid recycled back into the system? u. Pia mater v. Sagittal sinus w. Dural sinus x. Mid sagittal line 39. Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding the lacrimal apparatus? y. Helps keep eye in place → conjunctiva z. Helps clean the eye a. Can be stimulated by emotion b. Located anterolateral 40. Which of the following types of neuroglia can you expect to find in the peripheral nervous system? c. Microglial d. Schwann cells e. Astrocytes f. Ependymal cells 41. Which of the following is NOT an extraocular eye muscle? g. Inferior rectus h. Choroid i. Superior oblique j. Medial rectus 42. If meningitis persists, what may the patient develop? k. Encephalitis inflammation of neuroglial cells l. Septic shock m. Accumulation of CSF n. Deficiency CSF 43. What statement does NOT align with the characteristics of the otitis externa? o. A lot of cartilage p. Inflammation and infection can lead to bony hyperplasia q. Bone degradation will begin r. If water is not cleared out, we will have inflammation in this area 44. What eye muscle is responsible for greatest visual acuity? s. Fovea centralis t. Macula u. Cornea v. Retina 45. You discover that your patient has a tumor in their occipital lobe. If you ask them to describe a photo of a house, how may they describe what they see? w. See stars x. The house is upside down y. The house looks discombobulated z. All of the above 46. What nerve is responsible for innervating the mimetic muscles? a. Facial nerve b. Abducens nerve c. Hypoglossal nerve d. Oculomotor nerve 47. Which of the following is NOT considered a paired bone of the skull? e. Maxillae f. Temporal bone g. Vomer h. Nasal bone 48. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is associated with the inflammation of meninges. i. Meningitis j. Hydrocephalus k. Osteoarthritis l. Atherosclerosis 49. Fill in the blanks for the blood supply and drainage of the head and neck m. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ → \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ → \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ & \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ → \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ & \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ → \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ → \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ → \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 50. Fill in the chart regarding Cranial Nerves Cranial Nerve \# Name Nerve Type Function ------------------ ------ ------------ ---------- -