The Contemporary World: Global Development and Divide

The Contemporary World Global Development and Divide Development A process, system, procedure. It is a state or condition of changing and enhancing something. Oxford defines development as "a process and an event constituting a new stage in a changing situation”. Deve...

The Contemporary World Global Development and Divide Development A process, system, procedure. It is a state or condition of changing and enhancing something. Oxford defines development as "a process and an event constituting a new stage in a changing situation”. Development This process requires a number of factors and consideration in developing a part of its system or constituent element. Development is a complex and multidimensional concept occurring in an uncertain condition. Development Bellù (2011) stresses that the development of the other parts of the system could be detrimental to the development of the other thus creating structural and systemic conflicts. Critics of global development assert that countries do not equally get the gains of globalization.  Development Countries that lack resources and infrastructures are at the bottom part of the phenomenon where the benefits are unequally distributed worldwide. Disparity is very evident between rich and poor countries. CSOs describe this situation as maldevelopment, a condition where developing and less developed countries suffer on the downside effects of development and changes.  Four Dimensions of Development The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the UN has enumerated the four dimensions and prevailing paradigms of development. Four Dimensions of Development Economic Human Sustainable Territorial Development Development Development Development It is focused on the UN's Three Dimensions It is the It focuses on the qualitative aspect of of Human "development that interrelationships of change that Development: meets the needs of human activities between ∙ Long and healthy life rural and urban areas sometimes people the present (Bellù, 2011). ∙ Knowledge failed to determine ∙ Decent standard of without like the increased living compromising the Social activities of man quality of life, social ability of future part of territorial improvements and Indicators: generations to development include innovations. ∙ Life expectancy at birth meet their own production, distribution, ∙ Expected and mean and consumption of goods needs." (Bruntland years of schooling Commission). and services, the balance ∙ Gross National Income and quality features of its (GNI) norms and practices that support the operation of man's social affairs.  Four Dimensions of Development The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the UN has enumerated the four dimensions and prevailing paradigms of development. Four Dimensions of Development Economic Human Sustainable Territorial Development Development Development Development Sen (1999) Human Development Development is a need Territorial development defined it as "the Index (HDI) was and it must be observed is composed of clusters expansion of created to emphasize and practiced based on that linked activities and the necessity of man and structures. capacities that that economic growth his environment. Critical to this contribute to the should be used as However, development development is how advancement of criterion in assessing efforts and practices clusters and agencies society through the the development of a must be in accordance respond to the challenges realization if particular country but with the harmony of of resource scarcity individuals', firms', the development of the nature without which are then and communities' people and their compromising the interlinked to problems potential" capabilities. ecological condition and like food future generation. security, space availability, and overcrowding.  Four Dimensions of Development The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the UN has enumerated the four dimensions and prevailing paradigms of development. Four Dimensions of Development Economic Human Sustainable Development Territorial Development Development Development Economic The report was a Six different definitions of The development development as a response to the sustainable development (Streeten, process if this transformation growing disparity 1991 dimension operates requires altering between the poor and Goutlet 2000) on both national some fundamental and rich where 1. The maintenance and replacement and transnational economic structures, poverty has become of capital assets. scope. increasing the a major challenge to 2. Maintaining the environmental occupational governments as part conditions for the benefit of the capacities of the of its national policy all. population, making. 3. Resiliency or the ability to adjust and empowering the cope with the changes and crises. mobility of key 4. The avoidance of internal and external debts in the future. economic agents. 5. Fiscal and political sustainability. 6. The ability to hand over the programs and projects to the decision and control of the citizens.  Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) SDGs was established as part on the success of the Millennium Development Goals of 2015. In the next 15 years, member-countries of UN, rich and p3, developed or developing are expected to mobilize all efforts to end the global problem of poverty, solve inequality, and address impacts of climate change.  Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Parties involved in the global war on poverty believe that a more active participation and higher level of commitments are necessary to materialize SDGs by 2030. This global partnership among states is not binding however, national governments have the ownership and authority to make and implement national policies that are in line with the objectives of SDGs. These policies are of high quality and have accessibility to public and other concerned bodies as a mechanism in delivering and relevant works and outputs.  17 Sustainable Development Goals GOAL 1: No Poverty. End poverty in all its forms everywhere. GOAL 2: Zero Hunger. End hunger, achieve food security, and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture. GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being. Ensure healthy lives and promote well- being for all at all ages.  17 Sustainable Development Goals GOAL 4: Quality Education. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education GOAL 5: Gender Equality. Achieve gender equality and empower all women. GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.  17 Sustainable Development Goals GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all. GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all.  17 Sustainable Development Goals GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation. GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality. Reduce inequality within and among countries. GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable.  17 Sustainable Development Goals GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. GOAL 13: Climate Action. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. GOAL 14: Life Below Water. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development.  17 Sustainable Development Goals GOAL 15: Life on Land. Protect, restore, and promote, sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainable manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss. GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.  17 Sustainable Development Goals GOAL 17: Partnerships to achieve the Goal. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development.  How will the Sustainable Development Goals be implemented? The Addis Ababa Action Agenda of the Third International Conference on Financing for Development came up with the following actions on the implementation of SDGs: The success of policies and programs of SDGs rely on the actions and willingness of members-parties and states in aligning their plans with the kind of global commitments. Plans initiated and implemented within the national level are gauge in how governments respond to the demands of SDGs. The Addis Ababa Action Agenda of the Third International Conference on Financing for Development came up with the following actions on the implementation of SDGs: Resource mobilization and financing strategies are fundamental requirements in materializing nationally-framed and locally-led sustainable development goals. The Addis Ababa Action Agenda of the Third International Conference on Financing for Development came up with the following actions on the implementation of SDGs: The expected contribution of government, private sector, civil society groups, and other stakeholders of the SDGs. The roles of NGOs and CSOs are potentially advantageous in the attainment of SDGs. These private entities and organizations perform tasks where governments fail to act and deliver. The Addis Ababa Action Agenda of the Third International Conference on Financing for Development came up with the following actions on the implementation of SDGs: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development requires partnership between the efforts of global community and national government. Global governance is the main driver of achieving SDGs with the cooperation of national governments who have commitments and responsibilities this agenda. Global South South has a geographical connotation described as largely equivalent, but not identical with Third World (Pagel, Ranke, et al 2014). However, the term south does not refer to countries outside United States and Europe, Australia and New Zealand do not belong the "South". Global South It also refers to countries that are excluded if not deprived from socioeconomic prominence like Africa, Middle East, South America, South Asia and countries within Pacific. The inequalities and global divide between rich and poor countries part of globalization and territorializing is also a part on the reality of global south (Lopez, 2007). Global South The idea of global south is a contemporary issue in socioeconomic and political divide. Countries like United States, Canada, outmost and western part of Europe, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand are giant economies parts of the global north. o These countries are described as highly industrialized, developed, and most advanced economies in the world. o It rests on the fact that the entire world's industrially developed countries lie to the north of its developing countries. Global South Countries which belong to the global south possess various political and economic descriptions and experiences. In Africa, debts, poor infrastructure, education, employment, health care, and peace and security are key impediments. o The region's problem on poverty is the fundamental challenge of governments and institutions providing key to these countries. Global South Asian countries are fond to be a combination of emerging and developing economies with the exception of Singapore. o Domestic and regional problems like unstable governments, rule of law and environmental pollution are continuously at the frontline of concerns in the region. o Central Asia on the other hand consists of countries that have experienced transitioning governments. Global South There are former territories of the Soviet Union and stabilizing the economy brought by the damage of the former communist Soviet regime is still evident. o Political and economic reforms are insufficient to address the fabric of communism during the Cold War era. Global South West Asian region has its unique social struggle. The region is confined in a costly conflict involving territorial insecurity, peace and order, and competing extreme ideological clashes. o Though the region is an oil-rich country but regional issue are barriers in the development process of West Asia. Global South Natural disaster and the absence of sufficient investment as major source of the economy, make countries in the Pacific Islands a victims of slow growth. o Its economies are dependent with the influx of business and commercial activities of nearby countries in the Pacific as well as countries in Oceania, Asia, and America. Global South Countries belonging to Latin America are trapped in turbulent economic environment. o Regional matters like unstable democratic governance and fiscal problems are known challenging facing countries of the region. Latin and Caribbean countries are described as countries that have experienced "lost development" because of missed economic opportunities especially in the 60s and 70s. Global South Causes of Global Divide o The following are some of the main factors of causing global divide between the north and south. Globalization in the 1990 o The economic intensification observed in the 90s fueled countries to establish boundaries. o Poor countries that can not cope with the demands of the rich and developed countries suffer most of the potential damage of globalization. Global South Causes of Global Divide o The following are some of the main factors of causing global divide between the north and south. Globalization in the 1990 o Countries of the global south especially under unstable governments and weak economics failed to produce outputs as a response to the internationalization system of economy and government. o There were countries that disappear from the pipelines of the global competition. Global South Causes of Global Divide o The following are some of the main factors of causing global divide between the north and south. Globalization in the 1990 o Some countries mostly third world shifted its interest through relying to a more powerful economy. Global South Causes of Global Divide o The following are some of the main factors of causing global divide between the north and south. Uneven Immigration o The pattern of migration in the last three decades saw an unprecedented rise of migrant workers and citizens seeking greener opportunities in other countries. Global South Causes of Global Divide o The following are some of the main factors of causing global divide between the north and south. Uneven Immigration o People from Asia targeted Western Europe and America as ideal point of employment. Developed countries that are on the height of technological development, advancement, and high quality of social services became the main venues accepting migrants. Global South Causes of Global Divide o The following are some of the main factors of causing global divide between the north and south. Uneven Immigration o This trend continues to happen in the current times where in most countries of the global south found this opportunity as an alternative to the absence of jobs available in the local economy. 17 SDGs o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4bN9yi mMXro o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HW76i OQ7qVQ