Medical Terminology Lecture 4 PDF

Medical Terminology Dr. Asmaa Ramadan Abdel-Hamed Associate Professor of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Suez Canal University Prohibitions during the lecture  Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) A. Knowledge & understanding a1. Illustrate the importance of t...

Medical Terminology Dr. Asmaa Ramadan Abdel-Hamed Associate Professor of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Suez Canal University Prohibitions during the lecture  Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) A. Knowledge & understanding a1. Illustrate the importance of the use of medical terms a2. List different examples of prefix, suffix and root used to constitute various medical terms a3. Illustrate the meaning of each one of them a4. Recognize the directional terms and planes of the body a5. Record the scientific terms used in describing various diseases, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive system, urinary system, endocrine system, nervous system, etc B. Professional skills b1. Conduct research presentations and analyze the relationship between medical terminology and related health care system C. Intellectual skills c1. Analyze and evaluate the information in the field of medical terminology then integrate and apply it c2. Categorize the different medical terms involving of various diseases D. General & transferable skills d1. Work effectively in team. d2. Use technology tools. Cardiovascular System  Cardiovascular System Blood circulates throughout the body in the cardiovascular system, which consists of the heart and the blood vessels. This system forms a continuous circuit that delivers oxygen and nutrients to all cells and carries away waste products.  Cardiovascular System Location The heart is slightly on the left side of the body. It sits between right and left lungs. The left lung is slightly smaller to make room for the heart in the left chest.  Cardiovascular System Heart wall: is made up of three layers, the inner endocardium, middle myocardium and outer epicardium. ✓Endocardium: The thin innermost layer of the heart, covers heart chambers and valves. ✓Myocardium: The thick muscular middle layer of the heart wall. ✓ Epicardium: The thin outermost layer of the heart wall.  Cardiovascular System The pericardium is the fibrous sac that surrounds the heart. The pericardium is present in order to: ✓lubricate its movement against other structures within the chest. ✓keep the heart's position stabilized within the chest. ✓protect the heart from infection.  Cardiovascular System Parts of heart Two upper receiving chambers [an atrium (plural, atria)]. Two lower pumping chambers [a ventricle (plural ventricles)]. The chambers of the heart are divided by walls, a septum ✓The interatrial septum separates the two atria. ✓The interventricular septum separates the two ventricles. Tricuspid valve: The valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle. Mitral valve: The valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; the bicuspid valve.  Cardiovascular System The heart pumps blood through two circuits. ✓The right-side pumps blood (deoxygenated) to the lungs to be oxygenated through the pulmonary circuit. ✓The left side pumps oxygenated blood to the remainder of the body through the systemic circuit.  Cardiovascular Disorders Diagnostic Terms Cardiac arrest: cessation of effective heart action. Endocarditis: inflammation of the lining layer of the heart wall. Pericarditis: inflammation of the covering membrane of the heart. Cardiac arrhythmias: Irregularities of heart action including disturbances of rhythm. Atherosclerosis: development of fatty patches (plaques) in the lining of arteries, causing narrowing of the lumen and hardening of the vessel wall.  Cardiovascular Disorders Diagnostic Terms Ischemic heart disease: cardiac disease in which there is markedly reduced blood supply to the heart muscle. Myocardial infarction: localized necrosis (death of cardiac muscle tissue) resulting from blockage of the coronary artery (cut off blood supply) that supplies that area.  Cardiovascular Disorders Diagnostic Terms Hypertension: a pathological elevation of the blood pressure. Thrombosis: blood clots formation in a blood vessel leading to circulatory obstruction. Thrombus, blood clot that forms within a blood vessel. Embolism: obstruction of a blood vessel by other matter carried in the circulation. Embolus, any mass carried in the circulation. Phlebitis: inflammation of vein.  Cardiovascular Disorders Symptomatic Terms Tachycardia: rapid heart beats. Bradycardia: slow heart beats. Angina pectoris: a feeling of constriction around the heart or pain that may radiate to the left arm or shoulder, usually brought on by exertion. Caused by insufficient blood supply to the heart. Vasoconstriction: a narrowing of the vascular lumen. Vasodilatation: a widening of the vascular lumen.  Cardiovascular Disorders Procedure Terms Sphygmomanometer: an instrument for measuring blood pressure. Stethoscope: an instrument for listening to sounds within the body. Electrocardiograph: an instrument used to record heart beats.  Cardiovascular Disorders Procedure Terms Cardiac resuscitation: restoration of heart beats by drugs or electrical stimulation. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: heart-lung revival achieved by establishing respiration and circulatory function.  Cardiovascular Disorders Operative Terms Thrombectomy: removal of thrombus. Embolectomy: removal of embolus.