Medical Terminology Lecture Notes (PDF)

Field of Pharmacy Sciences Bachelor of Pharmacy-PharmD (Clinical Pharmacy Program) Pharmacy orientation and medical terminology PPH 101 Lecture: 2 (Introduction to medical terminology) Dr. Ibrahim Abdel Mohsen Komeil...

Field of Pharmacy Sciences Bachelor of Pharmacy-PharmD (Clinical Pharmacy Program) Pharmacy orientation and medical terminology PPH 101 Lecture: 2 (Introduction to medical terminology) Dr. Ibrahim Abdel Mohsen Komeil Date: 26/11/2023 Introduction to medical terminology  Suffix Meaning Example - atresia Without opening Proct/atresia -cept Take/receive Re/cept/or -cide kill Bateri/cide -cis cut Circum/cis/ion -cyte cell Erythro/cyte -denia pain Cephal/o/denia -edema swelling Cephal/edema -emesis vomiting Hyper/emesis -gnosis knowledge Dia/gnosis -gram record Myelo/gram -graphy Making a record Angio/graphy -ist One who Dent/ist -lepsy seizures Narco/lepsy -logist specialist Ophthalmo/logist  Suffix Meaning Example - logy Study of Bio/logy -lyt dissolvable Electro/lyte -mani madness Pyro/mani/a -meter Measure Therm/o/meter -oid resembling Muc/oid -opia vision Amply/opia -osme smell An/osmia -ostomy Create opening Col/ostomy -otia ear Macr/otia -penia Deficiency Encephalo/pathy -pepsia digestion Dys/pepsia -pexy Surgical fixation Nephro/pexy -phasia Speak, say a/phasia -philia Love, attraction Chromo/philic  Suffix Meaning Example -plasia formation Hyper/plasia -plasm substance Cyto/plasm -plegia paralysis Hemi/plegia -ptosis drop Hyster/o/ptosis -rrhaphy Suture, sew Hernio/rrhaphy -rrhea Flow, discharge Oto/rrhea -rrhexis rupture Spleno/rrhexis -scope View instrument Oto/scope -scopy Visualization Laryngo/scopy -some, soma Body Lyso/some -stasis Stop, control hemostasis -therapy treatment Hydro/therapy -tome Instrument to cut Osteo/tome -tomy To cut Laparo/tomy  Suffix Meaning Example -tripsy crushing Nephro/litho/trip sy -uria urine Hemat/uria Prefixes A word element added at the beginning of the word. Changing the prefix for a certain word root, changes the meaning; Preoperative Postoperative  Location Direction Time Prefix Amount or comparison Color Size or comparison Negation (negative) Prefixes Prefix indicating a location Prefix Meaning Intra- / Endo- inside or within around or Peri- surrounding Ec- / Ecto- out or outside Em- / En- inside or within Retro- / Post- behind Sub- / Hypo- under Inter- between Examples of medical terminology terms Word Meaning related to inside or within the Intra-abdominal abdomen Intra-abdominal Examples of medical terminology terms Word Meaning related to inside or within the Intra-abdominal abdomen inflammation inside or within the Endometritis uterus Endometritis  Word Meaning related to inside or within the Intra-abdominal abdomen inflammation inside or within the Endometritis uterus inflammation around or Pericarditis surrounding the heart Pericarditis  Word Meaning related to inside or within the Intra-abdominal abdomen inflammation inside or within the Endometritis uterus inflammation around or surrounding Pericarditis the heart a pregnancy occurring outside the Ectopic pregnancy uterus wall Ectopic pregnancy  Word Meaning related to inside or within the Intra-abdominal abdomen inflammation inside or within the Endometritis uterus inflammation around or surrounding Pericarditis the heart a pregnancy occurring outside the Ectopic pregnancy uterus wall pus inside a body cavity, specially the Empyema chest Empyema  Word Meaning related to inside or within the Intra-abdominal abdomen inflammation inside or within the Endometritis uterus inflammation around or surrounding Pericarditis the heart a pregnancy occurring outside the Ectopic pregnancy uterus wall pus inside a body cavity, specially the Empyema chest Retrocardial pertaining to behind the heart  Word Meaning related to inside or within the Intra-abdominal abdomen inflammation inside or within the Endometritis uterus inflammation around or surrounding Pericarditis the heart Postnasal a pregnancy occurring outside the Ectopic pregnancy uterus wall pus inside a body cavity, specially the Empyema chest Retrocardial pertaining to behind the heart Postnasal located behind the nose  Word Meaning related to inside or within the Intra-abdominal abdomen inflammation inside or within the Endometritis uterus inflammation around or surrounding Pericarditis the heart a pregnancy occurring outside the Ectopic pregnancy uterus wall pus inside a body cavity, specially the Empyema chest Retrocardial pertaining to behind the heart Postnasal located behind the nose Subcutaneous Subcutaneous under the skin  Word Meaning related to inside or within the Intra-abdominal abdomen inflammation inside or within the Endometritis uterus inflammation around or surrounding Pericarditis the heart a pregnancy occurring outside the Ectopic pregnancy uterus wall pus inside a body cavity, specially the Empyema chest Retrocardial pertaining to behind the heart Postnasal located behind the nose rmic needle Subcutaneous under the skin Subhepatic pertaining to under the liver Hypodermic pertaining to a needle inserted under needle the skin  Word Meaning Intra-abdominal related to inside or within the abdomen inflammation inside or within the Endometritis uterus inflammation around or surrounding Pericarditis the heart a pregnancy occurring outside the Ectopic pregnancy uterus wall pus inside a body cavity, specially the Empyema chest Retrocardial pertaining to behind the heart Intercostal Postnasal located behind the nose Subcutaneous under the skin Subhepatic pertaining to under the liver Hypodermic pertaining to a needle inserted under needle the skin Intercostal pertaining to between the ribs Prefixes Prefix indicating a direction Prefix Meaning Dia- / Per- / through Trans- Word Meaning Dialysis separation by passage through membrane Percutaneo through the skin us introduction of blood components into Transfusion blood stream Prefixes Prefix indicating time Prefix Meaning Ante- / Pre- before Post- after Word Meaning Antepartum before child birth Preoperative a medication given before medication surgery Postoperative a complication that occurs after complication surgery Prefixes Prefix pertaining to negation Prefix Meaning A- / An- without or absence of Anti- against Contra- against, opposite absence, removal, Dis- separation In- / Non- / Un- not  Examples of medical terminology containing negation Word Meaning Afebrile without or absence of fever Aseptic without microorganisms Anesthesia without feeling Antitoxin against toxin or poison Dissect Antidote a substance to counteract poison Contraceptio prevention of conception n to separate tissues for anatomical Dissect study Insignificant not important Noninfectiou not able to spread disease s Unconscious not responsive Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Prefix Meaning Uni- / Mono- one or single Bi- / Di- two Tri- three Quadri- / Tetra- four Primi- first Multi- / Poly- much or many Oligo- little, few Semi- / Hemi- half or partial Hypo- abnormally low, under, too little Hyper- abnormally high, above, excess Tachy- fast Brady- slow 24  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Unicellular composed of one cell 25  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Unicellular composed of one cell Monocyte Monocyte a single cell 26  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Unicellular composed of one cell Monocyte a single cell Monocular pertaining to one eye 27  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Bilateral Unicellular composed of one cell Monocyte a single cell Monocular pertaining to one eye Bilateral two sides 28  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Unicellular composed of one cell Bicuspid Monocyte a single cell Monocular pertaining to one eye Bilateral two sides Bicuspid a tooth with two points (cusps) 29  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Unicellular composed of one cell Monocyte a single cell Monocular pertaining to one eye Bilateral two sides Bicuspid a tooth with two points (cusps) Dimorphous having two forms 30  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Unicellular composed of one cell Monocyte a single cell Tricuspid valve Monocular pertaining to one eye Bilateral two sides Bicuspid a tooth with two points (cusps) Dimorphous having two forms Tricuspid a valve in the heart having three valve parts 31  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Unicellular composed of one cell Monocyte a single cell Monocular pertaining to one eye Bilateral two sides Bicuspid a tooth with two points (cusps) Triplet Dimorphous having two forms Tricuspid a valve in the heart having three valve parts three offspring produced in a Triplet single birth 32  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Unicellular composed of one cell Monocyte a single cell Monocular pertaining to one eye Bilateral two sides Bicuspid a tooth with two points (cusps) Dimorphous having two forms Tricuspid a valve in the heart having three valve parts three offspring produced in a Triplet single birth Quadriplagia paralysis in all four limbs 33  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Unicellular composed of one cell Monocyte a single cell Monocular pertaining to one eye Bilateral two sides Bicuspid a tooth with two points (cusps) Dimorphous having two forms Quadrant Tricuspid a valve in the heart having three valve parts three offspring produced in a Triplet single birth Quadriplagia paralysis in all four limbs Quadrant ¼ of an area 34  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Unicellular composed of one cell Monocyte a single cell Monocular pertaining to one eye Bilateral two sides Bicuspid a tooth with two points (cusps) Dimorphous having two forms Tricuspid a valve in the heart having three valve parts Tetrahedron three offspring produced in a Triplet single birth Quadriplagia paralysis in all four limbs Quadrant ¼ of an area Tetrahedron a figure with four surfaces 35  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Multiple consist of many parts Multiple 36  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Multiple consist of many parts Polyneuritis inflammation of many nerves Polyneuritis 37  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Multiple consist of many parts Polyneuritis inflammation of many nerves substance composed of many Polysaccharide sugars 38  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Multiple consist of many parts Polyneuritis inflammation of many nerves substance composed of many Polysaccharide sugars Oligouria little urine 39  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Multiple consist of many parts Polyneuritis inflammation of many nerves substance composed of many Polysaccharide sugars Oligouria little urine Oligomenorrhea a few menstrual flow 40  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Multiple consist of many parts Hemiplagia Polyneuritis inflammation of many nerves substance composed of many Polysaccharide sugars Oligouria little urine Oligomenorrhea a few menstrual flow paralysis in one half of the Hemiplagia body 41  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Multiple consist of many parts Polyneuritis inflammation of many nerves substance composed of many Polysaccharide sugars Oligouria little urine Hemisphere Oligomenorrhea a few menstrual flow paralysis in one half of the Hemiplagia body Hemisphere one half of a rounded structure 42  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Multiple consist of many parts Polyneuritis inflammation of many nerves substance composed of many Polysaccharide sugars Oligouria little urine Oligomenorrhea a few menstrual flow paralysis in one half of the Hemiplagia body Hemisphere one half of a rounded structure Semiconscious half conscious 43  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Multiple consist of many parts Polyneuritis inflammation of many nerves substance composed of many Polysaccharide sugars Oligouria little urine Oligomenorrhea a few menstrual flow paralysis in one half of the Hemiplagia Semisolid body Hemisphere one half of a rounded structure Semiconscious half conscious Semisolid partially solid 44  Prefixes Prefix indicating amount or comparison Word Meaning Primitive occurring first Hypotension low blood pressure Hypoxia low oxygen in the tissue high blood pressure (above Hypertension normal) Hyperventilatio excess breathing n Tachycardia abnormally fast heartbeats Bradycardia abnormally slow heartbeats 45  Prefixes Prefix indicating a color Prefix Meaning Leuko- white Erythro- red Cyano- blue Melano- dark or black Xanth- Yellow 46  Prefixes Prefix indicating a color Word Meaning Leukocyte Leukocyte white blood cells 47  Prefixes Prefix indicating a color Word Meaning Leukoplakia Leukocyte white blood cells Leukoplaki white patches in the mouth a 48  Prefixes Prefix indicating a color Word Meaning Erythrocyte Leukocyte white blood cells Leukoplakia white patches in the mouth Erythrocyte red blood cells 49  Prefixes Prefix indicating a color Word Meaning Cyanosis Leukocyte white blood cells Leukoplaki white patches in the mouth a Erythrocyt red blood cells e a condition of blue coloration of Cyanosis the skin due to lack of oxygen 50  Prefixes Prefix indicating a color Word Meaning Melanoma Leukocyte white blood cells Leukoplakia white patches in the mouth Erythrocyte red blood cells a condition of blue coloration of Cyanosis the skin due to lack of oxygen Melanoma a malignant black tumor 51  Prefixes Prefix indicating a color Word Meaning Leukocyte white blood cells Leukoplakia white patches in the mouth Erythrocyte red blood cells a condition of blue coloration of Cyanosis the skin due to lack of oxygen Melanoma a malignant black tumor a dark pigment that colors hair Melanin and skin 52  Prefixes Prefix indicating a color Word Meaning Leukocyte white blood cells Leukoplakia white patches in the mouth Xanthoderma Erythrocyte red blood cells a condition of blue coloration of Cyanosis the skin due to lack of oxygen Melanoma a malignant black tumor a dark pigment that colors hair Melanin and skin Xanthoderm yellow coloration of the skin a 53  Prefixes Prefix indicating size and comparison Prefix Meaning Micro- abnormally small Macro- abnormally large Equi- / Iso- equal, same other, different, Hetero- unequal Homo- same, unchanging Mega- / large, abnormally Megalo- large 54  Prefixes Prefix indicating size and comparison Word Meaning extremely small, seen only by a Microscopic Microscopic microscopic Microcardia smallness of heart Equilateral Microcyte a very small cell Macrocyte a large cell Equilateral have equal sides graft between 2 genetically identical Isograft individuals Isograft Contain more than one kind of atom Heterocyclic joined in a ring maintaining an unchanged, constant Homothermic body temperature 55  Prefixes Miscellaneous prefixes Prefix Meaning Hydro- water Dys- difficult or painful Nox- / Noct- night Mal- bad Neo- new straight, correct, Ortho- upright Pseudo- false 56  Prefixes Miscellaneous prefixes Word Meaning Hydrophobia Hydrophobia fear of water with difficult or painful Dyspnea breathing Nocturia urination during night Malodorous had bad odor Orthotic Neonate a newborn infant Orthotic correcting deformities Pseudoplegia false paralysis 57