Lecture 1 - Growth and Development of Crops PDF

Lectwe o1 ’Aopicultwe squtuue is dustutd fonu two Latin wBide nulanlng "seil" "ulta" wLantug cçlkivatiou appiod selenno, wtlclu encom hoeticuhue Lvestock Daslng fahesias , forsy Pletn de' Csercen zi is dustned oo...

Lectwe o1 ’Aopicultwe squtuue is dustutd fonu two Latin wBide nulanlng "seil" "ulta" wLantug cçlkivatiou appiod selenno, wtlclu encom hoeticuhue Lvestock Daslng fahesias , forsy Pletn de' Csercen zi is dustned oo Aguanony a Gre itd agto neaantne kuld and nomos wLLaning "nahagement deal wita gelartie fn ooh in ilatou to lact'n nvironont the Cieps ahe þrnduced. sk sol, boatee deali itt pncipls s practc agicltur al ctence hich practiou csB þroduc cal domenti the cltnae col land,the brological contttuertr & the weetation ¢ cot,te econonic nthas and conitroinlt & maket the land dynamie liscihline witth the ment aglcutwe 4gonont -sdentikicatio prDpg 2eaw fos ultivatt widu range coa needd sic coud cutr atioiae maxfnine PAoRes methods S cultvalion Yeduee the cot and yisld f econenie yetusn. Availability faticatou &chenical feraizuu the genesatiou S krowtdg has nesaitalzd efeerdue to Aeduc the c to erce abblicati. and nyiclol osser olue to the wncletfic anne, - Avalablily R thusbicidea tor contiol & weed har led to doelop nant kniswtdg Oatis Manaqment racics play geate ole prese day cAtite S oafe CaEnond An u the need dntansine Ccppg Pntaniticati the day ttne 'spa~e DDbe>poductio on not ody lucaeap but allo reduee the erronnn tas hapandi -Ne fechnstogy to oveconefhe elfecl- moiutugo aes wnd dyland conaitton splesid by e ftand agicultuie -Package'& praetice to enloe,kul pofettal n chob bodition hich could ke made posgthe Cnly by Asoneny slenee Lun dne utillgation to Mullisy the pronl day labous calls a gustts broodantg the coopPe - Maintaining the estogial balanee. tsough lenesfog e a ratinal nannes u boserB 6nly b Knowtng agonoic pinoi7les  actos affecting gowth { evelopuend Gs0th can be dafied a on iseeeible bosnuono even an Pndivlduol cett' 1- Ve getatiue Gro wth oko Ake the wegetative the The calies geDwth , plahr þndua plant þorodtleing leares, Cfens he ebroductue branche wttout pat the þlart This flowesr çCaled called voþroduetve wegetative growt GDwh Cve s'chapd cusue obtalued whew we blt dt e an callad vetgnaatd wwe?. phares Othie cue yainly shows Sritial the rapid The daniniiking sfatiouay pestod , se phae ohers (cteadg Phaset Gowthlegelwt-8anonaui) (hag hae) bhese hase|gnaft pesiocl énbonentd phaee) ohee maxlwn Clo Koually fna chont feoocon staiquay phase geowth >The t e phae. Cell. phae enlagenen f call Lag phase cetntiation too "Te Cfags thefhe ohile bolugs matuilg to  plant Goth y60t acconubanted by netabollc prDceLeer Je anabotic f catabolic prcese, tha- oces at the ex þener S& enesgy tem ete. Expanatow a Leag Elmgatiou s) Cellulay Expanetow 4) cellulas e7jehenliation Collulax teentiatiou a the pocau by ohtcl spucinl eisteme f cansiun Cell type elle cleeiued oo pes7osm cpeci7e kunchtg dikkesantialt < mahue todikterentiatio. ohich is tened as Coluli edherentiatiou matuse colle eay donlRerentiaton thil uually occwu f ununded tasues: The patnehya cells a Cenelojpnen sChanges tra oc fn a plant dustng ic 4eues oneofonuant neud atl changeu that an oaun 8 the ed to shescenee Sea SceneScence teali PlasnmoticGowfw 'K6esentiatm Mes Expansrow ’Matuse CElDiqatibn) Matuation CL  Jnitiation 4 BeelobMent 8 Vegetative. Ctuctues Rrot Gowth Snitiatiou s dvelonen-& Re þpductive dnitiatiow Pitf kerd fSerelopneont Aeneloßmenl & Plorie lags Hasuet atasiti Pstnprdial phytoca Man'tative mum gonth Vegl mahutilg Aawesi tageng dsevenibte Ce neeasechange n ma in'lee,e IS saaeveretble chag B plant e boy cuatilatve a) d meane the uali a) d means l t body fucscase f tatine chang m plant body 3) 4 is a centnos3) dh l phae to fhaw dinerPon 4) &. Cell cell Enlaugen ant ofieen  factos A) 6enetic B) nv?on nontal Pactoc factoe (dnteinal (Extesnal foctors) tectors) ) Tembesatuse Q) Chonoones 2) Moutusecupby 3) Raslant eniiy 3) Genomee 4) conmposttiou te ahus 6) scU Reacto 4) Brotc faet 8) Plart nttenl+ fntesnal factos - enetie factoS thee ase tesnal voslablee pkees plant os Rqulator 2- Plan- Quelopmenl- HoNorlthat03t Leome chem°cal uttaneeu that ai prornt w Huxtne, GTblesellinf cythenins ass. Gibesalnsg TeglatorS Dnofere ecae they are Aeqasdod asao eagd n -pro moting funcions.Sthylane ha uthed etfkelr , f r tRat it ha both fromofrng Grteanal factos 1- Light- dtuesential mteoncee the doepnn the, 0ott f ohmt al are a Vastou jolan Plavt denelifoent agteested enceR As'c ercee dingotu8otionf s'c due due to high tro tenpeatue to potoblan hiy ensme frahupirat° on 3. wat - The most Csucial madlunu fos alL chemtcal Aeactiond bobsyhfhent, phyiotogical cell elog. - 8d.tts coll tion, aud the nmainknance encseasing denelopmoit comes fo & cfandsy fusgedity Plant ohlntfese e a lack &wat h: Oxy9ein- it neceeasy 7or ied olanl- celulau Apiyatiou Thli enesgt by the cele 7o a vasiela tunction and 2u a n the cleloprent tages. Bteett Bnvotved Nuthientr - Both macso nieonuienlk ase rocchiowfeue as a ped Bos fstoplasMic the ousce enesgy. Dhen n t i o cubbly A.Soil - koll u a geowlng mecdiunw for blant. Aotl duþlees the Pant'e oatea f ais nutitisw f f a notwosk