Introduction To Translation And Interpretation Lecture PDF

INTRODUNCTION TO TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETATION  KEY CONCEPTS AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND  The Tower of Babel Now the whole world had one language and a common speech. As people moved eastward, they found a plain in Shinar and settled there. They sa...

INTRODUNCTION TO TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETATION  KEY CONCEPTS AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND  The Tower of Babel Now the whole world had one language and a common speech. As people moved eastward, they found a plain in Shinar and settled there. They said to each other, “Come, let’s make bricks and bake them thoroughly.” They used brick instead of stone, and tar for mortar. Then they said, “Come, let us build ourselves a city, with a tower that reaches to the heavens, so that we may make a name for ourselves; otherwise we will be scattered over the face of the whole earth.” But the Lord came down to see the city and the tower the people were building. The Lord said, “If as one people speaking the same language they have begun to do this, then nothing they plan to do will be impossible for them. Come, let us go down and confuse their language so they will not understand each other.” So the Lord scattered them from there over all the earth, and they stopped building the city. That is why it was called Babel—because there the Lord confused the language of the whole world. From there the Lord scattered them over the face of the whole earth. Genesis 11: 1-9 New International Version WHAT IS TRANSLATION? WHAT IS TRANSLATION? The general The product The process subject field or phenomenon WHAT IS TRANSLATION? Source Text (ST) Target Text (TT) In Source Language In the Target (SL) Language (TL)  MYTHS OR FACTS? MYTH FACT To translate, all you need İs a good dictionary. Good translators don’t need dictionaries or reference documents. They just translate. Anyone who speaks two or more languages can be a translator. Any translator can work on any document. Translators are also interpreters. Machine translations will soon make translators redundant. WHO IS THE TRANSLATOR? Translation Written Oral Bilingualism: Born and bred or acquired bilingual WHO IS THE TRANSLATOR? WHAT MAKES A TRANSLATOR? Translators/Interpreters are language professionals. They should be applied linguists, competent writers, diplomats, educated amateurs in different fields. The skills and experience for translation include Ability to write Ability to read and Ability to work well in the target understand the with the latest language source language word-processing material and thoroughly communications software Skills and knowledge that make up translation competence 1 Communicative and textual competence in at least two languages and two cultures 2 Cultural and intercultural competence 3 Knowledge of translation principles in theory and practice 4 Competence in a particular field of knowledge Skills and knowledge that make up translation competence 5 Professional and instrumental competence 6 Psychophysiological competence 7 Diplomacy A Good Translator Cultivated Creative Independent Curious Self Motivated A Good A Strong Researcher Writer A Good Interpreter Able to Proficient at Knowledgea speak Willing and speaking ble in before able to Flexible two various groups large travel fields languages & small WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO IN THESE 4 YEARS OF TRAINING? Curriculum What About Machine Translation and Computer-Aided Translation What About Machine Translation and Computer-Aided Translation It is worth being aware that a lot of translation work in the 21st century takes place within translation management systems, which consist of software and human processes within a carefully-managed workflow. Human Touch  In the end, language is about communication. A translator must comprehend and convey what comes between the lines rather than simply switch one word one for another. WHAT IS TRANSLATION? The general The product The process subject field or phenomenon WHAT IS TRANSLATION? Source Text (ST) Target Text (TT) In Source Language In the Target (SL) Language (TL) WHAT IS LANGUAGE?  WHAT IS LANGUAGE? What do we mean by symbols? Ø Symbols are sounds or things which have meaning given to them by the users. Ø Originally, the meaning is arbitrarily assigned. Ø For instance, the English word “cat" does not in any way physically resemble the animal it stands for. Ø All symbols have a material form but the meaning can not be discovered by mere sensory examination of their forms. Ø They are abstractions. WHAT IS LANGUAGE? “Words- so powerful. They can crush a heart or heal it. They can shame a soul, or liberate it. They can shatter dreams, or energize them. They can obstruct connection, or invite it. They can create defenses, or melt them. We have to use words wisely.” (Jeff Brown) WHAT IS LANGUAGE? WHAT IS LANGUAGE? WHAT IS LANGUAGE? SPEECH LANGUAGE DIALECT REGIONAL DIALECT SOCIAL DIALECT WHAT IS CULTURE? WHAT IS CULTURE?  BASIC TERMINOLOGY SL= Source Language (Kaynak dil) TL= Target Language (Erek/Hedef dil) SC= Source Culture (Kaynak Kültür) TC= Target Culture (Erek/Hedef Kültür) ST= Source Text ( Kaynak metin) TT= Target Text (Erek/Hedef metin) TA= Target Audience (Erek/hedef kitle) TS= Translation Studies (Çeviribilim) CONTEXT: The entire environment in which the word or sentence is expressed or stated (Bağlam) THE ROLE OF TRANSLATION in HISTORY While the practice of translation is long established, the study of the field, developed into an academic discipline only in the latter part of the twentieth century. Before that, translation had often been relegated to an element of language learning. In fact, from the late eighteenth century to the 1960s and beyond, language learning in secondary schools in many countries had come to be dominated by what was known as grammar-translation. Translation Contrastive Science Workshops Linguistics Peter Newmark (1916-2011)  Three Main Areas of Translation Social, Economic Literary and Science and and/or Political Philosophical Technology Topics Works  The Dynamics of Translation The Truth SL Writer TL Writer SL Norms TL Norms TEXT SL Culture TL Culture SL Setting TL Setting and and Tradition Tradition Translator  "Everything said in one language can be expressed in another - on condition that the two languages belong to cultures that have reached a comparable degree of development.”  Science A Matter Skill of Taste Art  NEW ELEMENTS IN TRANSLATION 1. The emphasis on the readership and the setting 2. Expansion of topics beyond the religious, the literary and the scientific 3. Increase in variety of text formats 4. Standardization of terminology. 5. The formation of translator teams and the recognition of the reviser's role. 6. The impact of linguistics, sociolinguistics and translation theory 7. Transmission of knowledge and culture THE TRANSLATOR  CATEGORIES OF TRANSLATION Intralingual Rewording Translation Interlingual Proper Intersemiotic Transmutation Roman Jakobson 1896 - 1982  CATEGORIES OF TRANSLATION Intralingual Diachronic translation Dialectal translation Diamesic translation Transliteration Roman Jakobson 1896 - 1982  CATEGORIES OF TRANSLATION Interlingual Roman Jakobson 1896 - 1982 Osmanlı Devleti’nin yönetim merkezi The historic palaces, pavilions and ve padişahların konut, konaklama ve kiosks built in Istanbul as konuklarını ağırlama yeri olarak inşa administrative centres, as permanent edilen saray, köşk ve kasırlarımız, or summer residences for the sultans, İstanbul’un tarihsel dokusu içinde or as temporary residences for their müze-saray olarak yerlerini guests are today open to the public almışlardır. Müzecilik literatürü içinde as museum-palaces. Known yurdumuzdaki ilk “müze-saray” collectively as the National Palaces, uygulamaları olan Millî Saraylar they are the first “museum-palaces” yapıları, Osmanlı döneminde in Türkiye. These royal buildings are kullanıldıkları gibi özgün tefrişleriyle preserved with their original ziyaretçiye açık ve bu yönüyle bir furnishings and so illustrate the dönemin yaşama kültürünü gözler culture and living style of the önüne taşıyan saltanat yapılarıdır. Ottoman period. https://www.millisaraylar.gov.tr/Kurumsal/Hakkimizda  CATEGORIES OF TRANSLATION Intersemiotic Roman Jakobson 1896 - 1982 https://www.youtube.com /watch?v=Lefbtf5jjbg&ab_ channel=Frollo1906