Body Systems Lecture Notes PDF

Dr. Tarig Alarabi MBBS , BSc, MSc- Anatomy, MSc – Embryology. PhD Department of Humana Anatomy Faculty of Medicine - KKU Objectives: By the end of this lecture we will be able to - :clarify.Principle systems of the human body -1 Overview the structure and function of -2.the cardiovascular system Ov...

Dr. Tarig Alarabi MBBS , BSc, MSc- Anatomy, MSc – Embryology. PhD Department of Humana Anatomy Faculty of Medicine - KKU Objectives: By the end of this lecture we will be able to - :clarify.Principle systems of the human body -1 Overview the structure and function of -2.the cardiovascular system Overview the structure and function of -3.the respiratory system Overview the structure and function of -4.the digestive system :Systems of The Body :The principle systems in the body are.Cardiovascular.1.Respiratory.2.Digestive.3.Urinary / Renal.4.Reproductive.5.Nervous & special sense.6.Locomotor/ Musculoskeletal.7 Integumentary.8.Endocrine.9.Lymphatic.10 :Systems of The Body Cardiovascular System )1 This system consists of the heart, pericardium & the great vessels (arteries & veins). It is located in the thorax cavity which is surrounded by the thoracic cage. The Thoracic Wall 1.The Heart: The heart is a muscular organ that occupies the middle of the thoracic cavity, with slight inclination to the left. It is consists of 4 chambers: right atrium & right ventricle, left atrium & left ventricle.  The Thoracic Cavity R. Lung L. Lung Pericardium Heart Pleural Sac  Pulmonary Veins Aorta Pulmonary Artery Posterior View Anterior View  Lt. Atrium Rt. Atrium Rt. Ventricle Lt. Ventricle  Aorta Inferior vena cava The Respiratory System )2 This system started from the nasal- cavity ,larynx, trachea, bronchial tree and terminated at the lungs with their.pleurae :The 2 main function of this system is-.Olfaction (smell).1 Respiration (moving air to the body and.2 remove the waste products out of the body)  The The Lungs Thoracic & Pleurae Cage Nasal Cavity Larynx Trachea  The Nasal Cavity Olfactory Nerve The Larynx The Trachea & Bronchial Tree Trachea Main Bronchus Bronchial Tree Lt. lung Rt. lung The Digestive System )3 :This system is responsible for- Digestion: (converting food to their.1 simplest forms so the body can get the benefit.of it) Absorption: of the digested food to the.2.bloodstream then to every cell in the body.Excretion: of the waste products.3 It is located in the head, neck, thoracic cavity -.& abdominal cavity It started from the oral cavity and terminated -.at the anus :It is consists of the following parts - Oral Cavity: it contains the teeth and tongue..1 The teeth responsible for cutting the foot into small pieces to be easily for swallowing. The.tongue help in pushing the foot into the pharynx Pharynx: the part following the oral cavity. It.2.convey the food to the esophagus Esophagus: it is a muscular tube about 25cm.3 long.It connect the pharynx to stomach Oral Cavity Pharynx Esophagus Stomach: it is responsible for digestion of.4 ,foot Small Intestine: ( duodenum, jejunum,.5 ileum). It is the sterile part of the digestion.system. It responsible for absorption Large intestine: (caecum, ascending colon,.6 transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal and anus). It it.responsible for excretion of waste products Liver: it is the largest gland in the body that.7 serves many important function. It is mainly responsible for removing of toxins from the blood.stream Pancreas: it is a mixed gland that produces.8 insulin hormone and enzymes which help in.digestion Spleen: it is a lymphatic organ which a part of.9.immune system. It stores and filters the blood The Abdominal Cavity Lower part of the eosophagus Liver & Gall Bladder Spleen Stomach Pancreas  Transverse Ascending Descending Caecum Sigmoid Appendix Rectum Anal Canal Anus References  Fanning, F., 2003. Basic safety administration: A handbook for the new safety specialist. American Society of Safety Engineers.  World Health Organization, 2021. WHO/ILO joint estimates of the work- related burden of disease and injury, 2000-2016: technical report with data sources and methods.  Snell, R.S., 2018. Snell’s Clinical Anatomy. Wolters kluwer india Pvt Ltd.  Lumley, J.S., 2008. Surface anatomy: the anatomical basis of clinical examination. Elsevier Health Sciences.  Martini, F.H., 2009. Anatomy and Physiology'2007 Ed. Rex Bookstore, Inc..