Human Physiology 1 Lecture 1 PDF

Module Information Human Physiology 1 Lecture 1 Calvin Teahan Module Information 2 Hour lecture Thursday 2pm T105 Friday 9am T107 Strictly no phones or earpods Contact Email - [email protected] Office - W109 (Kerry Sports Academy) Module Plan Wee...

Module Information Human Physiology 1 Lecture 1 Calvin Teahan Module Information 2 Hour lecture Thursday 2pm T105 Friday 9am T107 Strictly no phones or earpods Contact Email - [email protected] Office - W109 (Kerry Sports Academy) Module Plan Week Content % Detail Structural Organisation/Levels Organisation of the Body 5 1 Functional Characteristics of Life Outline of major organs and primary functions of the Overview of Organ Systems 5 systems of the body. Homeostatic Principles and Components 2 Homeostasis 5 Negative & Positive Feedback Mechanisms Examples of homeostatic control in the human body. The Central Nervous System - Structural Organisation of the Brain - Spinal Cord Tracts 3 Nervous System: Organisation 5 - Cranial & Spinal Nerves The Autonomic Nervous System - Divisions & Functions Neurons Neurotransmitters Nervous System: Functional 4 10 Components Synapses Conduction of Nerve Impulses Structure of Skin & Underlying Tissue 5 Integumentary System 10 Functions Accessory Skin Structures Classification of Hormones Endocrine System: Hormone 5 Interaction with Target Tissues Mechanisms of Hormone Action 6 Hypothalamic Control of the Pituitary Gland Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands & Endocrine Glands - Adrenal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Pancreas, 10 Hormones Pineal, Gonads, Placenta Disorders associated with hypersecretion and hyposecretion of hormones Module Plan Atoms, Ions, Chemical Bonds, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Composition of the Body 5 Proteins, Nucleic Acids Food groups 7 Introduction to Nutrition 5 Balanced Diet Metabolism Dietary sources and functions of proteins, carbohydrates & Macronutrients 5 lipids 8 Micronutrients 5 Dietary sources and functions of vitamins and minerals. Nutritional Requirements 9 Nutritional Guidelines 5 Food Guide Pyramid Changing Nutrient Needs Through the Life Cycle Anatomy, Functions, Histology, Regulation of the GI tract 10 Gastrointestinal System 10 Digestion and Absorption of nutrients Physiological Variables for Health 11 Overview of Physiological Health 10 Physiological Health Strategies Assessments 1. Continuous Assessment (CA) 30 % 2. Final Exam Scheduled 70% Assessments CA Week 10 TBC 10 MCQ 5 VSAQ 1 SAQ 60 minutes Week 1-7 inclusive Assessments Question 3: How many lobes in the right lung? a) One b) Two c) Three d) Four Assessments What four-carbon molecule does Acetyl CoA joins with to form a six-carbon molecule called citrate? Assessments Short Answer Question (25 marks) Compare the Phosphagen System and Glycolytic System under the following categories: a) Substrate / Fuel Source b) Location where it occurs c) Rate of ATP Production d) Duration of Activity / Available Capacity e) Example of exercise / sport that predominantly uses this energy system Organisation of the Body Human Physiology 1 Lecture 1 Organisation of the Body The human body is organized into structural and functional levels of increasing complexity. Each higher level incorporates the structures and functions of the previous level, as you will see. We will begin with the simplest level, which is the chemical level, and proceed to cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. Organisation of the Body Organisation of the Body Chemicals The chemicals that make up the body may be divided into two major categories: 1. Inorganic 2. Organic. Chemicals 1. Inorganic chemicals are usually simple molecules made of one or two elements other than carbon (with a few exceptions). Examples of inorganic chemicals are water (H2O); oxygen (O2); one of the exceptions, carbon dioxide (CO2); and minerals such as iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na). 2. Organic chemicals are often very complex and always contain the elements carbon and hydrogen. In this category of organic chemicals are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids Chemicals Cells The smallest living units of structure and function are cells. There are many different types of human cells, though they all have certain similarities. Each type of cell is made of chemicals and carries out specific chemical reactions. Tissues A tissue is a group of cells with similar structure and function. There are four groups of tissues: 1. Epithelial tissues—cover or line body surfaces; some are capable of producing secretions with specific functions. The outer layer of the skin and sweat glands are examples of epithelial tissues. Internal epithelial tissues include the walls of capillaries (squamous epithelium) and the kidney tubules (cuboidal epithelium), as shown in Fig. 1–1. Tissues 2. Connective tissues—connect and support parts of the body; some transport or store materials. Blood, bone, cartilage, and adipose tissue are examples of this group. 3. Muscle tissues—specialized for contraction, which brings about movement. Our skeletal muscles and the heart are examples of muscle tissue. In Fig. 1–1, you see smooth muscle tissue, which is found in organs such as the urinary bladder and stomach. 4. Nerve tissue—specialized to generate and transmit electrochemical impulses Tissues 2 Organs An organ is a group of tissues precisely arranged so as to accomplish specific functions. Examples of organs are the kidneys, individual bones, the liver, lungs, and stomach. An organ system is a group of organs that all contribute to a particular function. Examples are the urinary system, digestive system, and respiratory system Organs Organs Organs Organs Organs Organs Organs Organs Organs https://create.kahoot.it/details/88ee1c2e-21f7-423b-a35e- 5a6affcb55ab