Leadership Midterm PDF

SELF- ASSESSMENT SELF ASSESSMENT MEANS, EVALUATION OF OUR OWN SELF-AWARENESS WORK AND PROGRESS IS THE PROCESS OF IT HELPS STUDENTS TO UNDERSTANDING ONE’S OWN ASSESS WHAT THEY KNOW, BELIEFS, THOUGHTS, DO NOT KNOW AND WANT TO...

SELF- ASSESSMENT SELF ASSESSMENT MEANS, EVALUATION OF OUR OWN SELF-AWARENESS WORK AND PROGRESS IS THE PROCESS OF IT HELPS STUDENTS TO UNDERSTANDING ONE’S OWN ASSESS WHAT THEY KNOW, BELIEFS, THOUGHTS, DO NOT KNOW AND WANT TO MOTIVATIONS AND KNOW. THEY RECOGNIZE RECOGNIZE HOW THEY THEIR OWN STRENGTHS AND AFFECT OTHERS-BOYLE 2005 WEAKNESSES IT IS A LIFE LONG PROCESS IT PROMOTES THAT HAPPENS GRADUALLY, RESPONSIBILITY AND BUT AT TIMES IT CAN BE INDEPENDENCE AMONG HELPFUL TO PUT EFFORT INTO STUDENTS RAISING OUR SELF IT IS AN ASSESSMENT TOOL AWARENESS WHICH IS USED BY A STUDENT TO EVALUATE THE SELF AWARENESS IS KNOWING QUALITY OF HIS LEARNING ONE’S OWN: AND PREPARE HIM FOR ATTITUDE-OPINION PROBLEM SOLVING AND LIFE FEELINGS- EMOTION LONG LEARNING MOTIVES- PURPOSE DESIRES- NEEDS STRENGTHS- WEAKNESSES THE NEED FOR SELF ASSESSMENT KEY AREAS OF SELF AWARENESS: PERSONALITY TRAITS TO PROMOTE THE SKILLS OF PERSONAL VALUES REFLECTIVE PRATICE AND HABITS SELF-MONITORING EMOTIONS TO PROMOTE ACADEMIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS INTEGRITY THROUGH STUDENT SELF-REPORTING OF LEARNING PROGRESS 5 PILLARS OF SELF TO DEVELOP SELF DIRECTED AWARENESS LEARNING 1. EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE TO INCREASE STUDENT RECOGNIZE AND DIAGNOSE MOTIVATION YOUR OWN EMOTIONS TO PROMOTE LEARNER CONTROL YOUR EMOTIONS RESPONSIBILITY RECOGNIZE AND DIAGNOSE TO ENCOURAGE OWNERSHIP THE EMOTIONS DISPLAYED ON LEARNING BY OTHERS 2. CORE SELF-EVALUATION  How to create SELF AWARENESS? SELF-ESTEEM: THE EXTENT TO Seeking feedback from others WHICH PEOPLE SEE Reflecting on one’s own feelings THEMSELVES AS CAPABLE, and behaviors SUCCESSFULA ND WORTHY  Taking self scoring LOCUS OF CONTROL: PEOPLE BELIEF ABOUT THE EXTENT TO SELF-ANALYSIS WHICH THEY CAN CONTROL IT INVOLVES ASKING OUR SELF THEIR OWN EXPERIENCES THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS INTERNAL LOCUS: “ I WAS THE DO YOU LIKE WHERE YOU ARE CAUSE OF THE SUCCESS OR AND WHAT YOU HAVE BECOME? FAILURE FOR THE CHANGE”  HAVE YOU EVER WISHED LIFE EXTERNAL LOCUS: WAS DIFFERENT? “SOMETHING ELSE CAUSED THE CAN YOUR RELATIONSHIP SUCCESS OF FAILURE” IMPROVE? 3. VALUES ARE YOU PRODUCING THE CULTURAL VALUES: PATTERNS RESULTS THAT YOU WANT OF VALUES SHARED AMONG PEOPLE IN VARIOUS THINK FOR A MOMENT AND COUNTRIES IDENTIFY: PERSONAL VALUES: WHAT THE AREAS YOU NORMALLY PEOPLE TEND TO VALUE IN EXCEL THEIR DECISION, BOTH THE AREAS YOU NORMALLY STANDARDS OF CONDUCT AND FACE DIFFICULTIES DESIRED END GOALS KIND OF PEOPLE, EVENTS AND THINGS YOU LIKE THE MOST AND 4. LEARNING STYLE THOSE YOU DISLIKE AN INDIVIDUAL’S INCLINATION THE PEOPLE, EVENT THAT BRING ONTO PERCEIVE, INTERPRET YOU HAPPINESS/SADNESS AND RESPOND TO THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF INFORMATION IN A CERTAIN OPENNESS YOU HAVE WITH WAY OTHERS 5. ATTITUDE TOWARDS CHANGE BECAUSE MANAGERS AND LEADERS MUST WORK IN A SELF -ESTEEM ENVIRONMENT OF CHANGE, IT IS THE FEELING I HAVE ABOUT IT IS IMPORTANT TO MYSELF CONCEPT UNDERSTAND ONE’S A SUBJECTIVE APPRAISAL OF HIMSELF INTRINSICALLY TOLERANCE TO SITUATIONS POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE TO SOME THAT ARE AMBIGUOUS, DEGREE UNCOMPLETE, UNRESTRICTED AND CHANGING  STEPS OF SELF ESTEEM ARE NOT THREATENED BY ENVIRONMENT SELF IDENTITY-IDENTIFYING TAKE ADAPTIVE ACTIONS THE SELF WITH THE INNER WITHSTAND STRESS SLEF THE INNATE QUALITIES AND NOT EXTERNAL SKILLS HIGH SELF EFFICACY AND ROLES  ACTIVE  COURAGEOUS SELF APPRECIATION SELF-ANALYSIS SELF WORTH  COMPETENT SELF RESPECT  HIGH SELF ESTEEM  OPTIMISM SELF ACCEPTANCE  HIGH SOCIAL INTEGRATION SELF BELIEF  HIGH MOTIVATION HIGH SELF ESTEEM  MORE EFFORT  LONGER PRESENCE OF GOAL FEELING OF WORTH  HIGHER GOALS HAPPY  GREAT RESULT GOOD CONFIDENT LOW SELF EFFICACY COURAGE  INACTIVE RESULTS IN MOTIVATION AND  LOW MOTIVATION DRIVE TO EXCEL  FEARFUL  LOW EFFORT LOW SELF ESTEEM  LOW SELF-ESTEEM  SHORTER PERSISTENCE FEELING OF HELPLESSNESS  PESSIMISM LACK OF MOTIVATION  LOWER GOALS DEPRESSED  ISOLATION FEAR  LOWER RESULTS MEANINGLESS WHY TO BECOME SELF-AWARE? SELF EFFICACY TO IMPROVE PERFORMACE IS A BELIEF IN ONE’S OWN TO MANAGE YOURSELF; SET CAPABILITY FOR APPROPRIATE GOALS, SCHOOSE ACCOMPLISHMENT APPROPRIATE CARERRS, IT IS A “CAN DO” ATTITUDE MANAGE STRESS TO UNDERSTAND DIFFERENCES WHAT DOES SELF EFFICACY BETWEEN YOU AND OTHERS THEORY SAY? TO UNDERSTAND WHY OTHERS INDIVIDUALS WHO BELIEVE REACT TO YOU THE WAY THEY THEY CAN CAUSE AN EVENT DO, ADAPT YOUR CAN HAVE MORE ACTIVE AND COMMUNICATION TO OTHERS’ SELF DETERMINED LIFE NEED, DEVELOP INTERPERSONAL COURSE SKILLS “Nursing is concerned with the social A person also an effortless and sensitive body that dwells infinite non-reflective understanding of the human worlds: that gets sick and self in the world. recovers; that is altered during illness The person is viewed as a , pain and suffering; and that engages participant in common meaning. with the world differently upon Benner believed that there are recovery” -Benner 1999 significant aspects that make a person. PATRICIA BENNER She conceptualized the major Caring is central to human aspects of understanding that expertise, to curing & to healing the person must deal with as: Persons, events, projects & the 1. The role of the situation things matter to people 2. The role of the body Caring is primary for the following 3. The role of personal concerns reasons: 4. The role of temporality a)What matters to people sets up not only what counts as stressful but also 2.ENVIRONMENT what options are available for coping. Benner used the term “situation” b) It enables a person to notice salient instead of “environment” because it aspects of a particular situation, to suggest a social environment with a discern problems & to recognize social definition & meaning. potential solutions She used the phenomenological c) It sets up possibilities for giving & terms of being situated & situated receiving help. meaning which are defined by the person`s engaged interaction, interpretation & understanding of the MAJOR CONCEPTS OF THE situation THEORY NURSING 3. HEALTH Benner described nursing as Benner focused on “the lived “enabling condition of connection & experience of being healthy & ill” concern” which shows a high level of Defined health as what can be emotional environment in the nurse- assessed, while well-being is the client relationship human experience of health or wholeness. She viewed nursing practice as the Well-being & being ill are care & study of the lived experience of recognized as different ways of health, illness, disease & the being in the world relationship among these 3 elements Health is described as not just the absence of disease & illness. A 1. PERSON person may have a disease & not Benner stated that self-interpreting experience illness because illness being, that is the person does not is the human experience of loss or come into the world redefined but dysfunction, whereas disease is defined in the course of living a what can be assessed at a life. physical level.  5 LEVELS OF NURSING 5. EXPERT EXPERIENCE Expert nurses no longer rely on 1. NOVICE principles, rules or guidelines to Is a beginner with no experience connect situations & determine They are taught the general rules actions to help perform tasks & their rule- They have a deeper background of governed behavior is limited & experience & an intuitive grasp of inflexible. In other words, they are clinical situations told on what to do & simply follow Their performance are fluid, instructions flexible & highly proficient The rules are context-free, independent of specific cases & Patient Care Delivery applied universally E.g. “Tell me System what I need to do & I`ll do it Nursing Process in the Delivery of Nursing Care Services 2. ADVANCE BEGINNER To provide quality patient care Shows acceptance performance, over a period of time, nurses need has gained prior experience in a roadmap that guides their actions actual nursing situations and quantifies desired outcomes. This helps the nurse recognize As a registered nurse, you will be recurring a meaningful component responsible for creating a plan of so that principles, based on those care based on each patient’s experiences, begin to formulate in needs and health goals. order to guide action Patient Classification System 3. COMPETENT The Patient Classification System A competent nurse has 2-3 years (PCS) is a method used to of experience on the job in the categorize patients based on their same field. care needs. It helps in staffing The experience he/she had may decisions, resource allocation, and also be similar to the day-to-day determining the level of care situations required. Key components include: Criteria for Classification: 4.PROFICIENT Factors such as acuity, complexity A proficient nurse perceives & of care, and anticipated outcomes. understands the situations as a Resource Allocation: Ensures whole. that nursing staff is appropriately He/she has a more holistic assigned based on patient needs. understanding in nursing which Workload Management: Helps in help improves decision-making. balancing the workload among These nurses learn from nursing staff to enhance efficiency experiences, what to expect in and care quality. certain situations, as well as how to modify plans as needed.  Advantages: Efficient use of staff Modalities of Care resources and suitable for large 1.Case Method (Total Patient Care) patient volumes. - one nurse is responsible for the Disadvantages: Care can become complete care of one patient during depersonalized, leading to a lack of their shift. continuity and fragmented care. Advantages: Provides continuity of care and holistic, individualized care. Nursing Case Management Disadvantages: It can be costly and -nurse case manager is responsible resource-intensive, particularly in for coordinating care and managing high-acuity settings. resources to meet patient outcomes, typically for patients with complex 2. Primary Nursing needs - The primary nurse assumes Advantages: Focuses on cost- responsibility for a patient’s care from effectiveness and outcomes, with an admission to discharge, coordinating emphasis on continuity across the all aspects of care. continuum of care. Advantages: Ensures continuity of Disadvantages: Requires highly care and builds strong nurse-patient skilled and specialized nurses, and it relationships. The primary nurse has may be less effective for patients with autonomy and accountability simple care needs. Disadvantages: Requires a high level of nursing expertise and can be Innovative/Contemporary Methods challenging with staff shortage. - New approaches that blend traditional methods with technology or 3. Team Nursing interdisciplinary practices. - A team leader (often an RN) is Patient-Centered Care: Focuses on responsible for overseeing a small meeting the holistic needs of the group of healthcare workers (e.g., patient by involving them in care LPNs, CNAs) in caring for a group of decisions. patients interprofessional Collaboration: Advantages: Efficient use of various Teams of various healthcare skill levels and promotes collaboration professionals working together to within the healthcare team. provide comprehensive care. Disadvantages: Can lead to Telehealth Nursing: Uses fragmented care if communication is technology to provide care remotely, poor. The team leader must have especially for rural or underserved strong leadership skills. populations. Advantages: These methods increase 4. Functional Nursing flexibility, improve patient outcomes, -nursing staff are assigned specific and adapt to modern healthcare tasks (e.g., medication administration, needs. wound care) rather than individual Some methods require significant patients. training and infrastructure, and there can be barriers to implementing new technologies. ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION is the exchange of information, views, and ideas within and TYPES OF BUSINESS WRITING outside of an organization. 1. Instructional Communication moves in three The instructional business writing directions: upward, downward, type is directional and aims to or horizontally. guide the reader through the The purpose of organizational steps of completing a task. A user communication is essential to manual falls aptly under the the inner workings of a instructional category, as well as business. It's a subfield of all a memo issued to all employees communication studies. outlining the method of Organizational communication completing a certain task in the helps with: future. 1. Completing tasks with the 2. Informational maintenance of policy Informational business writing 2. Developing relationships where pertains to recording business messages are directed relating to information accurately and the company culture consistently. It comprises 3. Putting changes into place documents essential to the core through individual and functions of the business for organizational creativity tracking growth, outlining plans, 4. Accomplishing tasks relating to and complying with legal sales, services, and production obligations. 5. Controlling operations of the For example, the financial organization statements of a company, minutes of the meeting, and perhaps the most important, BUSINESS WRITING report writing. is a type of writing that is used 3. Persuasive in a professional setting. The goal of persuasive writing is It is a purposeful piece of to impress the reader and writing that conveys relevant influence their decision. It information to the reader in a conveys relevant information to clear, concise, and effective convince them that a specific manner. product, service, company, or It includes client proposals, relationship offers the best value. reports, memos, emails, and Such a type of writing is generally notices. associated with marketing and Proficiency in business writing is sales. It includes proposals, bulk a critical aspect of effective sales emails, and press releases. communication in the workplace. 4. Transactional Day-to-day communication at the HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM workplace falls under the Health Information has been transactional business writing defined as information about category. The bulk of such people’s health and how the communication is by email, but community, government and also includes official letters, nongovernmental organizations forms, and invoices. use the information to plan and provide health care and services. TYPES OF REPORT IN NURSING Health information describes the 1. CHANGE-OF-SHIFT REPORTS incidence, prevalence and causes (CSR) of major diseases. It also tells us This type of reporting most about the availability and the commonly using.  The report effectiveness of curative services. provides continuity of nursing care among nurses who are It has also been defined as a caring for a client system that collects and presents 2. TRANSFER REPORTS health information and is Patient’s are often Transfer from responsible for creation and one unit to another to receive maintenance of a data base different levels of care and treatment. Another definition of health 3. Incident reports information is that it refers to An incident report is a formal organized and interpreted data documentation of any unexpected about health status, resources, event or error that occurs during activities and events as related to patient care. This report is a key health component of risk management and is used to analyze the causes SENTINEL EVENTS of the incident to prevent future Any unanticipated event in a occurrences. healthcare setting resulting in 4. Telephone reports death or serious physical or telephone reports involve psychological injury to a patient or conveying important patient patients, not related to the natural information over the phone, often course of the patient's illness when immediate attention is An unexpected incident, related to required or during off-hours. system or process deficiencies, These reports are essential for which leads to death or major and ensuring that key patient data is enduring loss of function for a communicated in a timely manner recipient of healthcare services  A sentinel event is a Patient Safety INCIDENT REPORT Event that reaches a patient and an incident report or accident results in any of the following: report is a form that is filled out in Death, Permanent harm, Severe order to record details of an temporary harm and intervention unusual event that occurs at the required to sustain life facility, such as an injury to a patient. The purpose of the incident report TYPES OF SENTINEL EVENTS is to document the exact details of the occurrence while they are 1.Surgical Events ( wrong body part/ fresh in the minds of those who patient/ procedure, retained witnessed the event. instrument, death during the This information may be useful in procedure, anesthesia related the future when dealing with events) liability issues stemming from the 2.Device or Product events incident. (contaminated drugs and device, The incident doesn’t have to have unintended use, breakdown or caused harm to a patient, failure) employee, or visitor, but it’s 3.Patient protection events (infant classified as an “incident” because discharge to wrong person , it threatens patient safety. elopement, suicide, attempted suicide, self-harm, intentional injury, KARDEX nosocomial infection, medical gas ) is for a filing system for nursing 4.Environmental events ( burn, slip, records and orders that was held trip, fall, electric shock, use of centrally on the ward and restrains and bed rails) contained all the nursing details and observations of patients that ANECDOTAL RECORD had been acquired during their stay in hospital.o a patient, is an observation that is written employee, or visitor, but it’s like a short story. They are classified as an “incident” because descriptionsof incidents or events it threatens patient safety. that are important to the person observing. Anecdotal records are short, objective and as accurate as PATIENT CHART/RECORD possible It is a permanent record of the are a record of some significant patient’s information. item of conduct, a record of an Tracks the progress of the episode in the life of students, a patient’s condition during the word picture of the student in hospitalization as well as the action, a word snapshot at the status upon discharge. It serves as moment of the incident, any an information sheet of the narration of events in which may medications and procedures be significant about his personality rendered to the patient. Legal evidence for cross- examination whenever complaints or malpractice claims have been sighted out. It serves as the evidence of continuity of care. It serves as a research material for the retrospective study. 201 FILE is basically the employees’ profile in the organization’s records. tracks a wide range of personnel information and provides sophisticated reports and its richly- presented variants from corporate, groups and down to the individual worker. it includes an employee’s personal details like full name, address, date of birth, and others. some other details that a “201” file can hold are: the employees’ SSS number, TIN , PhilHealth registration, HDMF number, educational transcripts/diplomas, performance appraisals, issued corrective actions, clearances and many others.