Lab technician physics Syllabus-Directorate-of-Forensic-Science-Gujarat.PDF

LABORATORY TECHNICIAN PHYSICS GROUP SYLLABUS Farmat’s principle and its applications Farmat’s principle of least time, laws at reflection, laws of refraction. LASERS Introduction, Attenuation of light in an optical medium, Thermal equilibrium, Interaction of lig...

LABORATORY TECHNICIAN PHYSICS GROUP SYLLABUS Farmat’s principle and its applications Farmat’s principle of least time, laws at reflection, laws of refraction. LASERS Introduction, Attenuation of light in an optical medium, Thermal equilibrium, Interaction of light with matter, Einstein coefficients and their relations, Light amplification, Meeting the three requirements, Components of Laser, Lasing action, Principal pumping schemes, Type of lasers, Semiconductor laser, Laser beam characteristics, Applications Interference in thin films Thin film, Plane parallel film, Interference due to transmitted light, Haidinger fringes, variable thickness (wedge-shaped) film, Newton’s ring. Solid state electronics Devices Zener diode, zener diode specification, the voltage regulator circuit, design of a voltage regulator circuit, effect of supply voltage variation, zener break down mechanism, the tunnel diode, application of tunnel diode ,the silicon controlled rectifier, Uni junction transistor Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and OR), Primary concept of I.C., PN junction, Semiconductors, Photo diode. Atomic Spectroscopy Hydrogen atom spectrum, Orbital magnetic moment of hydrogen, Larmor precession, Stern-Garlach experiment, Electron spin, The vector atom model, Spin- orbit interaction and fine structure, Pauli’s exclusion principle and electronic configuration, Total angular momentum in many electron atoms, L-S coupling, j-j coupling, Hund rules, Energy levels and transitions of Helium, Alkali spectra, Shielding of core electrons, Spectral terms of equivalent electrons, Normal Zeeman effect, experimental arrangement and theory, Anomalous Zeeman effect, Paschen- Bach effect, Stark effect, Characteristics X-ray spectrum, Moseley’s law, Width of spectral lines. Polarization of light & double refraction Plane polarized light, pictorial representation of light vibrations, method to produce plane polarized light (only names), double refraction or birefringence, geometry of calcite crystal, Optical axis principal section & principal plane, Nicol prism, Parallel & Crossed Nicol prism, Huygen’s theory of double refraction in uniaxial crystals, refractive indices for o-rays & e-rays, Polaroids. Production & Analysis of Polarized light Introduction, superposition of two plane polarized waves having perpendicular vibrations, The elliptically & circularly polarized light, quarter wave plate, half wave plate, production of plane elliptically & circularly polarized light, detection of plane elliptically & circularly polarized light, systematic analysis of polarized light DC Circuits RL circuits (Growth and decay of current), RC circuit (Charging and discharging of capacitor) L-C-R circuit in series with DC source. AC Bridges Condition for bridge balance, Maxwell bridge, Hay bridge, Schering bridge, Wein bridge Types of Molecular Spectra and Molecular Energy States Separation of electronic and nuclear motion The Born Oppenheimer approximation, types of molecular spectra. Page 22 of 50 Pure Rotational Spectra Salient features of Rotational spectra, Molecular requirement for rotation spectra, experimental arrangement, Molecule as a rigid rotator, explanation of rotational spectra (without the process of solving Schrodinger equation to get energy formula), the non-rigid rotator, Isotope effect on rotational spectrum, tunable laser and pulse laser - introduction Vibrational - Rotational Spectra Salient features of vibrational - Rotational spectra, Molecule as a harmonic oscillator, Molecule as anharmonic oscillator, Vibrational frequency and force constant for anharmonic oscillator, Fine structure of Infrared bands: Molecule as vibrating rotator, Diatomic molecule as symmetric top, Thermal distribution of vibrational and rotational levels Alpha and Beta Rays: Alpha Rays Range of alpha particles, Disintegration energy of the spontaneous alpha decay, Alpha decay paradox - barrier penetration. Beta Rays: Introduction, Continuous Beta ray spectrum - difficulties encountered to understand it, Pauli's Neutrino Hypothesis, Fermi's theory of Beta decay, the detection of neutrino, Parity non- conservation in Beta decay Gamma Rays Introduction, Gamma-ray emission – selection rules, Internal conversion, Nuclear isomerism. The liquid drop model of the nucleus Introduction, Binding energies of nuclei : plot of B/A against A., Weizsacher's semi empirical mass formula Mass parabolas: prediction of stability against Beta decay for members of an isobaric family, Stability limits against spontaneous fission, Barrier penetration - decay probabilities for spontaneous fission, Nucleon emission. Introduction to Nanomaterials Introduction to nano-sized materials and structures, Definitions of nanomaterials, Brief history of Nanomaterials and challenges in Nanotechnology, Properties of Nanomaterials: Effect of reduction of dimensions, quantum size effects, Mechanical, Thermal, Optical and Magnetic properties of nanomaterials Atomic & Molecular Spectroscopy Basic spectroscopy, electromagnetic spectrum, Sources of radiation; their utility and limitations- conventional sources for UV, visible and infrared rays, sources for shorter wavelength radiations (X-ray tubes) radioactivity, x -rays and x-rays. Laser (He, Ne, Argon ion, dye lasers, semi conductor lasers) Radiation Interaction of radiation with matter: reflection, absorption, transmission, fluorescence, phosphorescence and their forensic applications, radiation filters. Detection of radiations; photographic detectors, thermal detectors, photoelectric detectors etc. Atomic spectra, energy levels, quantum numbers and designation of states, selection rules, qualitative discussions of atomic spectra.Elements of X- ray spectrometry- fluorescence, energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), wavelength Dispersive X-ray analysis (WDX), X-ray diffraction, Augur effect. Page 23 of 50 Electronic evidence Crime scene document, Evidence collection, Tracing an IP address or domain name. Investigations involving E-mail, How e-mail works. Time stamping, Basics of Mobile phone, Guide line for call data record analysis. Introduction What is an OS?, Evolution Of OS, OS Services, Types Of OS, Concepts of OS, Different Views Of OS, Concepts of OS Input Output Management Principles OfInput/Output H/W I/O Devices, Device Controllers, Direct Memory Access, Principles Of Input/Output S/W : Goals Of The I/O S/W, Interrupt Handler, Device Driver, Device Independent I/O Software Disks : RAID levels, Disks Arm, Scheduling Algorithm, Error Handling Security Security Environment, Design Principles Of Security, User Authentication, Protection Mechanism: Protection Domain, Access Control List Unix/Linux Operating System Development Of Unix/Linux, Role Of Kernel & Function Of Kernel, System Calls, Elementary Shell Programming, Directory Structure, System Administration Page 24 of 50