L3 Hazards and Risk PDF

Agriculture and Fishery H Arts R T.L.E. C HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.– 2024 S.Y. 2023  Applying safety measures in farm...

Agriculture and Fishery H Arts R T.L.E. C HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.– 2024 S.Y. 2023  Applying safety measures in farm operations CONTENT Agricultural Hazards and Risks in Farm Operations The learners demonstrate an LEARNING STANDARD understanding of the concepts and skills in agri-crops. 1. Discuss safety procedures in LEARNING farm operations; and COMPETENCY 2. Discuss hazards and risks in farm operations. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  OBJECTIVES By the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to: 1. Describe risk and hazard 2. Apply occupational safety 3. Appreciate the importance of occupational safety during farm operations. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, B. Establishing Purpose of the Lesson 2. Unlocking Content Vocabular HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  ACCIDENT an unexpected and unfortunate incident that occurs accidentally and causes hurt, damage, or injury. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS are chemical agents that are used to control crop- harming organisms (like fungi, nematodes, mites, insects, and rodents) or viruses (refers to "diseases and pests") in the farm such as fungicides and insecticides. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  CLEANING the act or process of removing dirt from tools, containers and farm facilities. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  CHEMICALS means the interaction between substances. It can be in the form of liquid, solid or gas. It can be from any pure substance or a mixture of different substances. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  DISINFECTION CHEMICALS are refers to the chemical used in cleaning which has the ability to kill microorganisms especially pathogens. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  HAZARD can potentially harm or injure workers. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  INCIDENT refers to any remarkable or interesting event or occurrence, whether intentional or unintended. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY are safe practices related to production and work process in the workplace. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  SAFETY MEASURES is an action, or procedure that is designed to lower the occurrence or risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Occupational Safety When in the Farm Safety practices set by farm owners that involves production and work process of farmworkers. Farmers should always take extra measures to ensure their safety while working in the farm. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Hazards and Risk in the Farm Farmers are exposed to a lot of risk, which can lead to major accidents or injuries. Risk is the possibility of a hazard to exist. It may cause injury or health problems. It is important that workers are properly trained and properly guided by the management. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Types of Hazards ▪ Hazard can potentially harm or injure workers. In any workplace, hazard exists. ▪ Over fatigue, improper posture while harvesting the crops, and using unguarded machineries are some of the common hazards. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Types of Hazards ▪ Physical Hazard – it includes weak platform, slippery stairs or floorings, falling objects, excessively loud music, prolonged vibration, poor ventilation, extreme temperatures, and poor air quality. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Types of Hazards ▪ Mechanical Hazard – is caused by electrically operated machineries or devices that can cause electric shock or electrocution. Pressure vessels, tractors, and cranes are all used in farm operations. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Types of Hazards ▪ Chemical Hazard – are typical of hazardous chemicals that can cause fire and explosion that came from pesticides, cleaning agents, acids, and poisons. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Types of Hazards ▪ Chemical Hazard - Exposure to certain chemicals or improper handling and use of those chemicals, can cause acute or long-term adverse health effects. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Types of Hazards ▪ Biological Hazard – includes bacteria, viruses, mold, mildew, insects, and vermin, among others. Biological hazards are organic substances that pose a threat to the health of people and other living organisms. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Types of Hazards ▪ Psychosocial Hazard –is the stresses that farmers get from work, family, or even among friends. Psychological risks include the production of negative affective states such as anxiety, depression, guilt, shock and loss of self- esteem and altered behavior. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Types of Hazards ▪ Ergonomic Hazard –This refers to physical conditions in the workplace caused by incorrect body movements, leading to injuries or health concerns. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Types of Hazards ▪ Ergonomic Hazard – These issues may initially seem minor, like aches and sprains, but can develop into serious problems that cause permanent damage to the musculoskeletal system. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work ▪ Spraying Chemicals –The use of fertilizers and pesticides are common in farming. These are used to control pests, weeds, and mollusks. Spraying is the most common method of applying chemicals. Farm owners consult local agriculturist for the appropriate chemicals to use in their crops. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work Here are some important things to remember when using chemical for the crops: ▪ Do not attempt to spray if there is a strong wind and its direction is towards the body of water or a house. ▪ Never wash the spray equipment with water running down into open drains or towards a dam. ▪ Refrain from using used chemical containers. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work To reduce the risk of hazardous chemicals, do the following: ▪ Appropriate PPE must be used. ▪ Store the chemicals in locked cabinets or storage area. ▪ Know the first aid procedures. ▪ Provide a list of hazardous chemicals used in the farm. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work ▪ Land Preparation using Heavy Equipment and Implements – the use of mechanical equipment for land preparation like tractor might involve risks such as a person being run over by it. The tractor also has the tendency to overturn, especially if it is running too fast, or the operator makes a sharp turn, sudden swerve, or sudden stop. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work Here are some things to remember when using heavy farm implements: ▪ Do not use a tractor for transportation. It is not a passenger vehicle. ▪ Use a seatbelt when driving a tractor. ▪ Use of PPE can save the operator from serious injuries. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work To avoid possible hazard and risks in the farm PPE is advised. ▪ Safety is the physical environmental condition of work which complies with Occupational Health Safety (OHS) standards and which allows the farmers to perform their job without or within acceptable exposure to hazards. ▪ One of the basic requirements to maintain these standards is the provision of PPE. This can reduce the number and severity of farmers related injuries and illnesses. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work Farm Respiratory Protection - Since farmers use fertilizers and other chemicals, it is necessary for them to use respirators to protect themselves from inhaling mold spores and chemicals. Respirators must be properly selected, worn, and maintained to ensure maximum protection. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work Eye Protection - This is used to protect farmers’ eyes from possible flying objects, liquid sprays, or other elements that may enter their eyes. There are several types of eye protectors like goggles and glasses with safety shields, among others. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work Foot Protection - A farmers’ feet is one of the most exposed parts of the body during work. Wearing appropriate footwear protects the farmer from stepping on sharp objects or animal bites. It can also protect him/her from slipping. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work Hand Protection - Farmers use gloves to protect their hands from hazardous elements such as holding chemicals or removing infested crops. Use disposable gloves when dealing with infested crops. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work Head Protection - Since farmers are commonly exposed to heat of the sun, it is important for them to wear a hat. This is also necessary to protect their head from slip or fall. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for Farm Work Body Protection - It comes in many forms, depending on the job. Farmers often wear long sleeve clothes and jeans. This is necessary to protect them from harmful elements. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Basic First Aid during emergency situation and accidents in the farm Shock 1. Do not give the victim anything to eat or drink. 2. Lay the victim on his/her back but do not move him/her if there is a neck or back injury. 3. Make sure that the victim gets adequate air. 4. Keep the victim warm. 5. Raise the victim’s feet and legs with a pillow. 6. If the victim vomits, roll the victim on his/her side and keep the windpipe clear. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Basic First Aid during emergency situation and accidents in the farm Bleeding and Wounds 1. Place a clean cloth or gauze over the wound. Apply firm, steady pressure for at least 5 minutes. 2. Elevate an injured arm or leg above the level of the victim’s heart if possible. 3. When bleeding stops, secure the cloth with a bandage. Do not lift the cloth from the wound to check if the bleeding has stopped. Be sure that the bandage is not too tight. 4. Check the victim for shock. 5. Use torniquets only when you cannot control the bleeding. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Basic First Aid during emergency situation and accidents in the farm Chemical or Compressed Gas Burns 1. Use a drench hose, emergency shower, or eyewash for at least 15 minutes to rinse away all traces of chemicals while removing any contaminated clothing from the victim. 2. Cover the burn loosely with a clean, dry cloth or special burn dressing. 3. Check the victim for shock. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Basic First Aid during emergency situation and accidents in the farm Fainting 1. Ordinarily, fainting victims immediately regain consciousness after. If this does not happen, the victim should immediately be brought to the emergency room. 2. For the first aid, the victim should be laid down on their back and allow plenty of fresh air. Apply cold compress in the forehead and if the victim vomits, keep the windpipe clear by rolling him to his/her side. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,  Basic First Aid during emergency situation and accidents in the farm Heat Stroke 1. Heat stroke is life-threatening so this should never be taken for granted. Flush, hot and dry skin, rapid pulse, very minimal perspiration, and unconsciousness are signs of heat stroke. 2. You need to bring the victim to a cooler place and lie him/her on the back with feet up, then loosen clothing and remove footwear. Apply cold compress or wet towel on the forehead, neck, armpit, and extremities to cool the victim. Treat the victim for shock or bring the victim to the nearest hospital. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA,