L11 Terminology 2.ppt.pdf

L 15: Medical Terms related to some body systems Dr Rehab Ahmed Abdel-Moneim Associate professor of histology and cell biology Faculty of medicine IS MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY IMPORTANT??? Dear students &  Objectives Identify some medical te...

L 15: Medical Terms related to some body systems Dr Rehab Ahmed Abdel-Moneim Associate professor of histology and cell biology Faculty of medicine IS MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY IMPORTANT??? Dear students &  Objectives Identify some medical terms related to the heart & blood vessels. Differentiate medical terms related to some pathological conditions in the heart and blood vessels. Identify some medical terms related to abnormalities in number of blood cells. Identify medical terms to express pathological conditions related to the urinary system. Discuss some terms related to surgical interventions. Cardiology & Haematology  Cardi/o (card/o) = Heart Cardi/o/logy: The study of the heart Cardi/o/megaly: Enlarged heart Cardi/o/logist: A specialist in the study of diseases of the heart  Cardi/o (card/o) = Heart Layers of the heart Endo/carditis= inflammation of the inner lining of the heart Myo/carditis= inflammation of the muscle coat of the heart  Investigations related to the heart Electr/o/cardi/o/gram (EKG or ECG): Record of electrical waves given off by the heart Electr/o/cardi/o/graphy: The process of making a recording of EKG/ECG using electricity Echo/cardiogram: An Ultrasound that provides information About structure and movements of the heart.  Terms related to blood vessels Angi/o= vessel Angio/graphy, angio/gram. angio/genesis (formation) Heart Brain  Athero/sclerosis Athero: fatty substances Sclerosis: hardening  What is the medical term describing accumulation of fatty material in the wall of a blood vessel causing a swelling? ✔ Atheroma Q: Replace the words in red with a suitable medical term Malignant tumors are associated with formation of blood vessels. (angionesis) The physician asked the patient to make a radiological assessment for blood vessels of the leg. (angiography)  Blood Cells and Platelets Haemat/ology= study of blood Haemat/ologist: a physician specializing in diseases of blood Haemo/poeisis; formation of blood cells Haemo/rrahge; blood loss Haematoma Haema/toma; collection of blood outside the blood vessel  Blood Cells and Platelets Red Blood Cells (RBC): Erythrocytes White Blood Cells (WBC): Leukocytes Thrombocytes (Platelets): Thromb/o = blood clot  Decrease; penia = , Not Enough Means poverty Leuk/o/cyt/o/penia (leukopenia): Decrease in or not enough white blood cells Thromb/o/cyt/o/penia: Abnormal decrease in the number of clot-forming cells (thrombocytes) Erythr/o/cyt/o/penia: Decrease in red blood cells  -osis = Condition of increased number -osis may be used to indicate an increase in numbers of blood cells. Leuk/o/cytosis: Increase in white blood cells Erythr/o/cyt/osis: Increase in red blood cells Thromb/o/cyt/osis: Increase in number of platelets  Lymph/o = Lymphatic System Lympha = Water or liquid (Latin) Lymph/o/cyte: A type of WBC produced by the lymphatic system Hist/o = Tissue Hist/o/logy: The study of tissues Hist/o/logist: One who studies tissues Hist/o/cyte: A tissue cell  Terms related to the urinary system Nephr/o = Kidney Science of studying kid; Nephr/ology Nephr/o/ptosis: Prolapsed (fallen) kidney Nephr/itis: Inflammation of the kidney Nephro/pathy: disease of the kidney; diabetic nephropathy  -uria = (Condition of) Urine Poly/uria Too much urination Olig/uria Abnormally low amount of urine Dys/uria Pain during urination Haemat/uria Blood in the urine  Endo- = Inside Endo/crine: To secrete inside. Glands that secrete hormones into blood circulation. Endo/crin/ology: The medical specialty studying the endocrine system Bone Tissue  Oste/o = Bone Oste/itis: inflammation of the bone Oste/o/malac/ia: softening of the bones Oste/oma: bone tumor  Osteo/porosis ( decreased bone density) Arthr/o = Joint Arthr/itis: inflammation of a joint Oste/o/arthr/itis: inflammation and destruction of bone and joint tissue  Ten/o, Tend/o, Tendin/o = Tendon Tendin/it is: Inflammation of the tendons; acute (sudden, short-term) injuries with inflammation. Is it common? Tennis elbow Medical Interventions  Suffix for “Cutting” Tomos = Cutting (Greek) Tom = word root for cut -tome = cutting instrument (microtome; instrument for cutting tissue into slices) -tomy = is a noun suffix -ectomy = Ect/o = outside to cut out (excise) -ostomy = Os = mouth, opening form a new opening (surgical)  Excision of the Tonsile/ectomy tonsils Incision into the Gastr/o/tomy stomach Make a surgical opening in the Gastr/ostomy stomach (i.e. to insert a feeding tube) Gastrostomy versus gastrotomy Ren/o = Kidney Ren/al: Pertaining to the kidney EX: renal colic renal stones