L10 Globalization: Economic, Cultural, and Physical Aspects PDF

L10 Globalization: Economic, culture, and physical aspects GEOG1005 Geography and the Contemporary World Dr. GUO Meiyu Globalization World Cup 2022 Lionel Messi Captains the Argentina national team Plays as a forward for Ligue 1 club Par...

L10 Globalization: Economic, culture, and physical aspects GEOG1005 Geography and the Contemporary World Dr. GUO Meiyu Globalization World Cup 2022 Lionel Messi Captains the Argentina national team Plays as a forward for Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain (French Club) Sponsors Wanda  Outline Definition Five aspects of globalization Consequences and solutions  Globalization? 7-11 Hong Kong KFC Kuwait World Cup 2022 Is Globalization good or bad?  Is Globalization good or bad? Depends on who you ask: World Economic Forum – an annual meeting held in Davos, Switzerland. Participants typically: - champion free trade - represent large corporations Globalization?  World Social Forum Goal of the World Social Forum: Find alternatives to the decisions being made at the World Economic Forum. Participants are a network of anti-globalizationists.  World Social Forum Korean farmers demonstrate- December 2005 WTO Meeting in Hong Kong. World Trade Organization’s The World Bank International Monetary Fund (IMF) French McDonald's vandalized  Globalization Geographer Andrew Kirby explains that with globalization, we are living “not so much in a world without boundaries, or in a world without geography – but more literally, in a world, as opposed to a neighborhood or a region.”  Globalization “Globalization” has entered our ideological and political interpretational framework strongly and decisively. It has supporters and adversaries! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3uJCLgCpm-8  Globalization But what is Globalization? A political-economical system, therefore a matter of choice (or imposition)? A social phenomenon or one with a natural background? A new phenomenon? Or the reoccurrence of an older one in a new more intensive form? Is it reversible?  Globalization Definition Variety of definitions, centering around the world becoming “smaller” and more interconnected in the areas of commerce, culture, and politics Causes: technological advances in communication, travel, and computational power, expansion of trade What Role do Networks Play in Globalization?  Networks “A set of interconnected nodes” without a center. The Networks Financial trade Communication Media Kinship Corporate government NGOs Education  The Geography of the Internet The information superhighway remains largely city bound Creates a new sort of “virtual” place Can be used to maintain social and family ties Use remains arrested at early phase of hierarchical diffusion May “amplify disparities between regions”  The Stages of Globalization Globalization 1.0 (from 1492 to 1800) Globalization 2.0 (from 1800 to 2000) Globalization 3.0 (from 2000 to the present)  Globalization 1.0 Occurred from 1492 until about 1800. Globalization was centered around countries. It was about how much horsepower, wind power, and steam power a country had and how creatively it was deployed. The world shrank from size “large” to size “medium.”  Globalization 2.0 Occurred from about 1800 until 2000. Interrupted only by the two World Wars. The dynamic force driving change was multinational companies. The world shrank from size “medium” to size “small.”  Globalization 3.0 Current era The convergence of the personal computer, fiber-optic Internet connections, and software has created a “flat-world platform.” This platform allows small groups and individuals to go global. The world has shrunk from size “small” to size “tiny.”  Globalization According to the most widely accepted view: Globalization is: The dominating status quo after the Cold War. Main characteristics: Political and Economical plexus covering and affecting the whole planet Worldwide movement of goods, people, and information (in a capitalistic economy) Science and Technology have lead us to this point  Globalization According to the most widely accepted view: a quantitative and qualitative change not only economic 4 dimensions: Space - extensiveness of global networks Regularity - intensity of global interactions Speed - velocity of global flows Depth – impact of global interconnections on quality of life 5 ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION ECONOMIC TECHNOLOGICAL CULTURAL POLITICAL MILITARY THESE ASPECTS ARE ALL INTERCONNECTED! Consequences/Effects of Globalization  What do you think? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AZ8I3NfPxTw  Globalization Consequences/Effects Consequences cited by various scholars and activists Terrorism/asymmetric warfare made easier Economic crises spread more rapidly Increased trafficking of humans and drugs Diseases spread more rapidly  Globalization Consequences/Effects Consequences cited by various scholars and activists Mixing of cultures: Dominant Western culture eroding traditional cultures Backlash from those who want to maintain traditional cultures  Homogenization Technology (Internet, TV, cell phones etc.) is sweeping away cultural boundaries creating the possibility and even the likelihood of a global culture. This spread of values, norms, and culture tends to promote Western ideals of capitalism and consumerism. Pros and Cons