L1 QS BANK, BMS301 PDF

Part One: Simple MCQs 1. Which anatomical division of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord? (A) Peripheral nervous system (B) Somatic nervous system (C) Autonomic nervous system (D) Central nervous system 2. What is the name of the tapered, lower end of the spinal cord? (A...

Part One: Simple MCQs 1. Which anatomical division of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord? (A) Peripheral nervous system (B) Somatic nervous system (C) Autonomic nervous system (D) Central nervous system 2. What is the name of the tapered, lower end of the spinal cord? (A) Cauda equina (B) Filum terminale (C) Conus medullaris (D) Denticulate ligament 3. Which part of the spinal cord gray matter contains motor cells and gives rise to the ventral root of the spinal nerve? (A) Dorsal horns (B) Lateral horns (C) Ventral horns (D) Gray commissure 4. In which region of the spinal cord are the lateral horns present? (A) Cervical and lumbar (B) Thoracic and upper lumbar (C) Sacral and coccygeal (D) Throughout the entire spinal cord 5. Which structure is responsible for anchoring the spinal cord to the dura mater? (A) Filum terminale (B) Denticulate ligaments (C) Cauda equina (D) Conus medullaris 6. What is the clinical significance of the lumbar cistern? (A) It contains the cervical enlargement. (B) It is the site for lumbar puncture. (C) It is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid. (D) It is the location of the cauda equina. 7. Which fissure divides the spinal cord into two halves? (A) Posterior median sulcus (B) Anterior lateral sulcus (C) Posterior lateral sulcus (D) Anterior median fissure 8. Which artery supplies the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord? (A) Radicular artery (B) Posterior spinal artery (C) Anterior spinal artery (D) Vertebral artery 9. Which spinal cord segments would most likely be compressed by a bone fragment in an injury involving a burst fracture of the L1 vertebral body with posterior displacement? (A) T7 (B) T9 (C) T11 (D) L2 (E) S1 10. In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), which part of the spinal cord is primarily affected, leading to degeneration of motor neurons? (A) Anterior gray horn (B) Lateral gray horn (C) Posterior gray horn (D) Spinal ganglia (E) Lateral column of spinal cord white matter Part Two: Complex MCQs 1. A patient presents with loss of sensation in the skin and muscles of the back. Which ramus of the spinal nerve is most likely affected? (A) Dorsal ramus (B) Ventral ramus (C) Both dorsal and ventral rami (D) Neither, the spinal nerve roots are affected 2. A patient experiences a spinal cord injury resulting in the loss of pain and temperature sensation below the level of the lesion. Which tract is most likely damaged? (A) Dorsal column tract (B) Spinothalamic tract (C) Corticospinal tract (D) Spinocerebellar tract 3. What would be the likely consequence of damage to the posterior gray horn of the spinal cord? (A) Loss of motor function (B) Loss of sensory function (C) Impaired coordination (D) Loss of autonomic function 4. A patient has difficulty with balance and coordination after a fall. Which part of the spinal cord might be injured? (A) Anterior gray horn (B) Lateral gray horn (C) Posterior gray horn (D) Spinocerebellar tract 5. If a person has a lesion in the thoracic spinal cord affecting the lateral horns, what function would be most likely impaired? (A) Movement of the legs (B) Sensation in the arms (C) Sympathetic nervous system responses (D) Parasympathetic nervous system responses 6. Damage to the spinal cord at the level of C5-T1 (cervical enlargement) would most likely result in: (A) Paralysis of the legs (B) Loss of sensation in the trunk (C) Weakness or paralysis in the arms (D) Impaired breathing 7. A patient presents with loss of pain and temperature sensation on the left side of the body and loss of touch and proprioception on the right side of the body below a certain level. Where is the most likely location of the spinal cord lesion? (A) Right side of the spinal cord (B) Left side of the spinal cord (C) Central part of the spinal cord (D) Cannot be determined from the given information 8. What is the functional difference between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems? (A) The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements, while the autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions. (B) The somatic nervous system controls the internal organs, while the autonomic nervous system controls the skeletal muscles. (C) The somatic nervous system is part of the central nervous system, while the autonomic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system. (D) The somatic nervous system uses only one motor neuron, while the autonomic nervous system uses two motor neurons. 9. Which of the following statements about spinal nerves is INCORRECT? (A) Each spinal nerve arises from the spinal cord by two roots: dorsal and ventral. (B) The dorsal root carries sensory fibers and has a dorsal root ganglion. (C) The ventral root is formed of motor fibers. (D) The dorsal and ventral roots unite to form a spinal nerve at the intervertebral foramen. 10. Which of the following is NOT a function of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)? (A) Provides buoyancy and protection to the brain and spinal cord (B) Transports nutrients and removes waste products (C) Transmits nerve impulses (D) Maintains a stable chemical environment for the central nervous system 11. Which of the following structures is NOT part of the brainstem? (A) Midbrain (B) Pons (C) Medulla oblongata (D) Cerebellum 12. What is the difference between a nucleus and a ganglion in the nervous system? (A) A nucleus is a collection of cell bodies inside the CNS, while a ganglion is a collection of cell bodies outside the CNS. (B) A nucleus is part of the peripheral nervous system, while a ganglion is part of the central nervous system. (C) A nucleus carries sensory information, while a ganglion carries motor information. (D) A nucleus is composed of myelinated axons, while a ganglion is composed of unmyelinated axons. 13. Which meningeal layer forms the denticulate ligaments that help to support the spinal cord? (A) Dura mater (B) Arachnoid mater (C) Pia mater (D) None of the above 14. What is the significance of the cervical and lumbar enlargements of the spinal cord? (A) They are the sites where the spinal cord terminates. (B) They provide additional protection to the spinal cord in these regions. (C) They are the areas where the spinal cord gives rise to nerves for the limbs. (D) They are the locations of the sympathetic ganglia. 15. Which of the following conditions could potentially lead to a fatal herniation of the brainstem if a lumbar puncture is performed? (A) Low blood pressure (B) High intracranial pressure (C) Spinal cord injury (D) Meningitis Answer Guide Part One 1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. A Part Two 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B MedPrime