Kin 2010 - Week 2 Lectures #1 and #2 PDF

Week 2 Richard Bucciarelli 1. Understand the history of health promotion in Canada 2. Compare and contrast health promotion on different levels - Individual - Community - Population 3. Explain the importance of the Ottawa Charter to health promotion prac...

Week 2 Richard Bucciarelli 1. Understand the history of health promotion in Canada 2. Compare and contrast health promotion on different levels - Individual - Community - Population 3. Explain the importance of the Ottawa Charter to health promotion practices and the components of it 4. Understand difference between health communication and health education strategies The evidence…why the 1980’s was the best decade ever! Breakout Discussion: How would you define the 3 Levels of Health Promotion, and what general strategies might be most effective with each? 1. Individual 2. Community 3. Population Individual Communities Populations Family and Friends Groups of people with common interests or geographic location Large group of people with differences in geography and interests Individual Communities Populations Individual counseling on smoking cessation Introduction of stop smoking clinic in community Working with Banning smoking in public places religious leaders  The health of a collection of individuals as assessed by health status indicators and which is influenced by:  Social, economic, and physical environments  Personal health practices  Individual capacity and coping skills  Human biology  Early childhood development  Health services Figure 1: Estimated Proportional Influence of the Five Major Categories on Health adapted from Tarlov, 19992 1. Primordial (health promotion)  Actions that reduce the negative impact of broad establishment factors (i.e., environmental, economic, social, and cultural health determinants) on population-level risk of disease  E.g., Improving sanitation; increasing minimum wage; subsidizing the cost of fruit; improving the walkability of neighbourhoods; etc. 2. Primary (health promotion)  Seeks to decrease specific risky behaviours/exposures (or promote healthy behaviours/exposures) among susceptible individuals or populations in order to prevent the incidence of a disease/condition  E.g., Public health campaign attempting to reduce drinking among university students; vaccination among infants; smoking cessation interventions; etc. 3. Secondary (treatment)  Seeks to detect and treat pre-clinical conditions in asymptomatic individuals or populations in order to reduce disease prevalence and progression  E.g., Mammography screening to detect early breast cancer in genetically predisposed individuals 4. Tertiary (treatment)  Seeks to reduce the complications or disability of a disease/condition among symptomatic individuals or populations  E.g., Cardiac rehabilitation treatment and behaviour change following a myocardial infarction  Successful health promotion:  Focuses on a complete state of well-being  Is more than just the health sector’s responsibility  Must first adequately secure basic needs such as food, income, and shelter in an equitable fashion  Must equitably allow all people to achieve their maximum health potential under their own control  Requires coordinated efforts at all levels of the Ecological Model  Health Promotion Action Means: 1. Build Healthy Public Policy 2. Create Supportive Environments 3. Strengthen Community Action 4. Develop Personal Skills 5. Reorient Health Services  Health communication and education  Self-help, organizational change, community development, community mobilization  Advocacy, policy, intersectoral collaboration  Health communication method Match the correct example Persuasive or behavioural Article on risks of second hand communication smoke Media advocacy Instagram page about benefits of daily physical activity Interactive health communication YouTube video targeted to youth on safe alcohol consumption Risk communication Grassroots health equity campaign given local radio time to promote its agenda Entertainment communication Pamphlet in seniors home about excessive dietary sodium uptake  https://immunize.ca/influenza-campaign  Audience analysis: what are demographics, behaviours, values and beliefs; segmentation  Setting objectives: what small realistic change could support?  Message development: has key information been identified for message content 1. What type of health communication method did they use? 2. Who were their target audiences? 3. What were their objectives? 4. What were their key messages? 5. What do you think they did well? 6. What would you do differently? 1. Eat Right Ontario https://www.eatrightontario.ca/en/Videos/Nutrition-Labelling.aspx 2. Smoke-Free Movies http://smokefreemovies.ca/ 3. Don’t change much: where guys go to get healthy http://dontchangemuch.ca/ 4. End Stigma https://www.facebook.com/EndTheStigmaBadges/  One-to-one = HE or HC  Uses channels and vehicles to convey message = HE or HC  Large audience = HE or HC  Strives to be inclusive of participants’ needs = HE or HC  Uses mass media and events = HE or HC  Can be tailored to different learning styles = HE or HC