CH103 Key Terms and Reactions - Chapter 16 PDF

CH103 List of Key Terms and Reactions - Chapter 16 I. List of Key Terms Alkaloid: a chemical compound extracted from plants; amines that are isolated from plants; Aliphatic Amine: an amine in which nitrogen is bonded only to alkyl groups or hydrogens; Amines: organic compounds containing th...

CH103 List of Key Terms and Reactions - Chapter 16 I. List of Key Terms Alkaloid: a chemical compound extracted from plants; amines that are isolated from plants; Aliphatic Amine: an amine in which nitrogen is bonded only to alkyl groups or hydrogens; Amines: organic compounds containing the amine functional group in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to one, two, or three carbon groups (RNH2, R2NH, or R3N); in IUPAC nomenclature, aliphatic amines are named by changing the final -e of the parent alkane to -amine and using a number to locate the amino group on the parent chain; in the common system of nomenclature, aliphatic amines are named by listing the carbon groups bonded to nitrogen in alphabetical order as one word ending in the suffix -amine; Aromatic Amine: an amine in which nitrogen is bonded to one or more aromatic rings Heterocyclic Amine: an amine in which nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring Heterocyclic Aliphatic Amine: when the ring is saturated in the amine Heterocyclic Aromatic Amine: an amine in which nitrogen is one of the atoms of an aromatic ring Primary Amine: a nitrogen atom with one R group attached. Secondary Amine: a nitrogen atom with two R groups attached. Tertiary Amine: a nitrogen atom with three R groups attached. Classification of Amines: II. Key Reactions 1. Basicity of Aliphatic Amines Most aliphatic amines have about the same basicity and are slightly stronger bases than ammonia. 2. Basicity of Aromatic Amines Most aromatic amines are considerably weaker bases than ammonia and aliphatic amines. 3. Reaction with Acids All amines, whether water-soluble or water-insoluble, react quantitatively with strong acids to form water-soluble salts.