Key Terms and Reactions

What is a primary amine characterized by?

How do aliphatic amines compare in basicity to ammonia?

Which type of amine is bonded to one or more aromatic rings?

What occurs when amines react with strong acids?

What distinguishes a secondary amine from a tertiary amine?

What is the correct IUPAC naming convention for aliphatic amines?

Which statement accurately describes the basicity of aromatic amines compared to ammonia?

In which type of amine is nitrogen part of a saturated ring?

Which of the following best defines a tertiary amine?

What is the basicity of most aliphatic amines compared to ammonia?

Key Terms and Reactions - Chapter 16

Alkaloid: Chemical compounds extracted from plants; include amines isolated from plants.
Aliphatic Amine: An amine where nitrogen is bonded only to alkyl groups or hydrogens. Naming follows IUPAC rules (changing the -e of the parent alkane to -amine, and numbering the amine group). Common names list alkyl groups bonded to nitrogen in alphabetical order, ending in -amine.
Amines: Organic compounds with an amine functional group. Nitrogen is bonded to one, two, or three carbon groups (R-N-H2, R2-N-H, or R3-N).
Aromatic Amine: An amine with nitrogen bonded to one or more aromatic rings.
Heterocyclic Amine: An amine where nitrogen is part of a ring structure.
Heterocyclic Aliphatic Amine: Similar to heterocyclic amines, but the ring is saturated.
Heterocyclic Aromatic Amine: Nitrogen is part of an aromatic ring.
Primary Amine: A nitrogen atom with one R-group attached.
Secondary Amine: A nitrogen atom with two R-groups attached.
Tertiary Amine: A nitrogen atom with three R-groups attached.

Key Reactions

Basicity of Aliphatic Amines: Aliphatic amines are slightly more basic than ammonia.
Basicity of Aromatic Amines: Aromatic amines are significantly less basic than aliphatic amines and ammonia.
Reaction with Acids: All amines, regardless of solubility, react completely with strong acids to form water-soluble salts. This reaction is quantitative.

This quiz covers essential key terms and reactions related to amines, including aliphatic and aromatic amines, and various classifications like primary, secondary, and heterocyclic amines. Test your knowledge of these chemical compounds and their properties as outlined in Chapter 16.