Human Anatomy BIOL 2320 Practice Exam #1 Spring 2025 PDF

Human Anatomy BIOL 2320 KEY - Practice Exam Supplemental Instruction ____/50 Exam #1 Spring 2025 1-8 Multiple choice (16pts) 1. Which is the most accurate description of the location of th...

Human Anatomy BIOL 2320 KEY - Practice Exam Supplemental Instruction ____/50 Exam #1 Spring 2025 1-8 Multiple choice (16pts) 1. Which is the most accurate description of the location of the “blood-pumping” organ? a. In the pericardial cavity b. Caudal to the “parachute” shaped muscle c. Dorsal to active red marrow d. Rostral to mediastinum e. None of the above 2. Which of the following is expected to occur when a female ovulates? a. Skeletal muscle contraction to bring the infundibulum closer to the gonad b. Release of an oocyte into the peritoneal cavity c. Thickening of a mucous plug at the external os d. Expansion of the uterine isthmus to accommodate the fetus e. All of the above 3. Using the “Sword-shaped” bone as your reference, which is most distal? a. Mammary Glands b. Perineum c. Fibrocartilage deep to a Sesamoid Bone d. Prominent hyaline cartilage in cervical region e. Cullen’s Sign 4. Which of the following is associated with linea ablicantes? a. Substance produced in “Turkish saddle” b. Secondary Amenorrhea c. Excess Adipose Tissue d. A protein found in the dermis e. All of the above 5. Which of the following is not related to the axillary region? a. Removal of nitrogenous waste products b. Chemicals sensed by organ in ventral caput c. Modified sudoriferous glands d. Homeostatic temperature regulation e. None of the above  6. Which of the following is true about albinism? a. It is an autoimmune disorder resulting in the destruction of melanocytes b. It is more common in females than males c. It is also referred to as “pallor” d. Melanocytes are present, but enzymatically nonfunctional e. Melanocytes are completely absent as they were not formed during embryonic development 7. Amanda is an 18-year-old female. One day she starts to paint her nails and notices they appear to have a strange concave shape to them. What is not associated with Amanda’s condition? a. Reduced Oxygenation b. Koilonychia c. Parietal Bones d. Epiphyses e. All of the above ARE associated with her condition 8. Which of the following is false about hyaline cartilage? a. Found in the mediastinum b. Clear, slippery substance found on articular surfaces c. Creates first model during Endochondral Ossification d. Provides padding and shock absorption e. Found at areas stimulated by Somatotropin 9-10 Two-part story questions. (4pts) -- Hayden goes on vacation Cancun, Mexico during Spring Break for some rest and relaxation. 9. While lying on the beach one day, Hayden decides to sunbathe and falls asleep on his back. He notices significant erythema when he wakes up. The erythema covers his ventral trunk, the anterior of his head and neck, and the anterior of his upper extremities. According to your clinical application, what percentage of his body exhibits this coloration? a. 36% b. 31.5% c. 45% d. 22.5% e. 63%  10. Having been submerged in the water for an extended period while swimming, Hayden finds his palmar and plantar regions to have an odd texturing. Based on Lewis and Pickering’s research, which of the following is true about his condition? a. It is caused by osmotic water absorption b. It is caused by vasoconstriction c. It is caused by decreased neuronal firing rates d. It is caused by the stratum lucidum e. All of the above 11-13 Multiple choice questions based upon projection slides. (6pts) 11. In former times, this method of capital punishment was commonly used. Which of the following would likely not be damaged in this form of execution? a. Fibrocartilage b. Hematopoietic osseous structures c. Bones formed by endochondral ossification d. Hyaline cartilage e. None of the above 12. Miraculously, a lethal injury was avoided by seemingly impossible odds. However, what is true about the injured structure? a. Produces an anti-bacterial enzyme called amylase b. Is made of hyaline cartilage c. Houses modified sebaceous glands d. Lies lateral to a paired cranial bone e. All of the above 13. Which is true concerning these useful integumentary features? a. Created by deepest dermal layer b. Decrease friction c. Are epidermal derivatives d. Found on plantar surface e. None of the above 14-21 Fill-in-the-blank (16pts) 14. What is the name of the structure located in the perineum that means “a seam” and is longer in males? Perineal Raphe ______________________________________________________________________ 15. What is the most inferior bone found along the midsagittal plane just anterior to the mediastinum? Xiphoid ________________________________________________________________________________  16. What is the scientific name of the chemical which promotes the production of erythrocytes, and where is it produced? Erythropoietin ; Kidneys ______________________________________________________________________________ 17. What is the name of the disease which causes autoimmune melanocyte destruction resulting in patches of discoloration? Vitiligo _____________________________________________________________________________________ 18. What is the scientific name for hair and what is the name of the small muscles associated with hair follicles? Pili ; Arrector Pili Muscles _____________________________________________________________________________________ 19. What is the name for the procedure that removes material from the rectouterine pouch and through what structure is the needle inserted? Culdocentesis ; Vagina (Vaginal Wall) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 20. What organic substance is required for the synthesis of collagen fibers and what is the scientific name for the integumentary layer largely composed of these fibers? Vitamin C ; Stratum Reticularosum ____________________________________________________________________________________ 21. What is the name of the medical procedure used to extract tissue and analyze blood cell production? Bone Marrow Biopsy ____________________________________________________________________________ 22 Essay Question (8pts) 22. Female reproductive systems, despite being incredible organ systems capable of bringing new life into this world, still have their weaknesses. One of the devastating ailments this system is susceptible to is cancer among others. You were fortunate enough to gain a basic understanding of different types of cancer which may affect this region as well as a variety of other issues! Let us test this knowledge! a. Speaking first about cancer in general, what is the scientific name for a tumor, and what is the name of the process causing these cells to, “revert to a less specialized state?” If left to themselves to divide uncontrollably, these cancerous cells may spread to other regions of the body causing serious complications. What is the scientific name for the spreading of cancer cells? Neoplasm ; Dedifferentiate ; Metastasis _____________________________________________________________________________________  b. When it is suspected that a female may be susceptible to a cancer of the most inferior portion of the uterus, what is the full name of the procedure that is performed to check for cancerous cells, and what tool is used to allow visualization of this structure? Additionally, risk for this type of cancer can be greatly increased by contraction of which preventable disease? Papanicolaou Smear ; Speculum ; Human Papilloma Virus _______________________________________________________________________________ c. Besides cancer, we have also learned about other problems that may arise in the female reproductive system. For example, a dangerous condition was mentioned in the supplemental article “Delivered From Death” which resulted in massive blood loss and emergency surgery for a post-partum woman. This condition results from a fetal structure growing through the uterine wall and perhaps into additional structures. What is the name of this fetal structure and the scientific name of this resulting condition? Placenta ; Placenta Percreta _____________________________________________________________________________________ d. Another interesting phenomenon about the female reproductive system lies in the “capture” of the egg released during ovulation. Failure of an oocyte released at ovulation to reach the uterine wall may result in implantation in various other locations. What is the scientific name of this dangerous condition? Additionally, as with any other organ, loss of blood supply creates serious complications with the female primary sex organs. Procedures including tubal ligation and hysterectomy are risk factors for twisting of which “supporting” and “nourishing” structure of these almond-shaped organs? Ectopic Pregnancy ; Suspensory Ligament (Ovarian Stalk) _____________________________________________________________________________________ Questions created by Justus Rammell, Jeremy Oliphant, and Amanda Stoddard