GA Studies Midterm Study Guide KEY PDF

GA Studies Midterm Study Guide Standards Questions SS8G1a – Locate Georgia 1. In what hemispheres is Georgia located? in relation to region, Northern and Western Hemispheres nation, continent, and hemispheres....

GA Studies Midterm Study Guide Standards Questions SS8G1a – Locate Georgia 1. In what hemispheres is Georgia located? in relation to region, Northern and Western Hemispheres nation, continent, and hemispheres. 2. Georgia is on the ____North American________continent and is a state in the country of the ___USA_________. 1. What is the smallest of the geographic regions? SS8G1b – Distinguish among the five Appalachian Plateau (top left region) geographic regions of Georgia in terms of 2. What region is known for having the most people? location, climate, agriculture, and Piedmont (home of Atlanta, we live here) economic contribution. 3. Which region has the most fertile farmland and is located on the coast? Coastal Plains 4. Which region supplies much of the state’s water because of the precipitation (rainfall) it receives? Blue Ridge (water is blue = Blue Ridge) 5. What is the Ridge and Valley Region known for? Carpet capital of the world =Dalton SS8G1c – Locate key 1. Why did the Fall Line attract early settlers? physical features of Georgia and explain their Rushing water led them to have a source of hydroelectric power and importance; include the drinking water Fall Line, Okefenokee Swamp, Appalachian 2. What are the two major rivers in GA? Mountain, Chattahoochee and Chattahoochee and Savannah Rivers Savannah Rivers, and barrier islands 3. What is the purpose of the Barrier Islands? Protect GA from tropical storms/hurricanes  4. Describe GA’s climate and how it helps bring people to the state? Mild climate (not too hot not too cold) attracts people due to good weather keeping business open Good rainfall = better crops grown 1. What Native American group was in Georgia when European SS8H1a- Describe the exploration began in the mid-1500s? characteristics of American Indians living in Georgia at the time of European contact: to Mississippians include culture, food, weapons/tools, and shelter. 2. List 3 characteristics that distinguished these Native Americans from earlier groups? Built mounds to show importance Had a chiefdom society - chief is in charge FARMERS - 3 sisters (corn beans squash) 1. What are the 3 G’s that motivated the Europeans? SS8H1b – Explain GOLD GOD GLORY reasons for European exploration and settlement in North 2. Which of the 3 G’s was Spain motivated by? De Soto and Missions Desoto = GOLD America, with emphasis Missionaries = GOD on the interests of the Spanish and British in the 3. Why were the British interested in the Georgia territory? Define Southeastern area. Mercantilism. Wanted a colony to grow raw materials Mercantilism - established colonies to grow cheap raw materials, forced colonies to trade only with GB, Gb then made expensive manufactured goods and sold them back to colonists for more money 1. Who was the first European to explore Georgia? SS8H1c – Evaluate the impact of Spanish contact Hernando DeSoto on American Indians, including the explorations 2. What was the purpose of DeSoto’s expedition? of Hernando De Soto and To find Gold for Spain the establishment of Spanish missions along 3. Why was DeSoto’s expedition seen as a failure? the barrier islands. He died without finding any gold 4. What was a devastating effect of DeSoto’s contact with Georgia? Spread of disease led to a decline in Mississippian population (90% died off) 5. Which of the G’s did the Missionaries care about?  God 6. What impact did Spanish missions have on the Mississippians? Tried to convert them to their religion then tortured them if they did not convert 1. What document created the colony of GA and who did it put in charge SS8H2a – Explain the Charter of 1732 - 21 Trustees (James Oglethorpe) importance of the Charter of 1732, 2. Describe the 3 reasons the colony of Georgia was created? including the reasons Philanthropy for settlement. (Charity) created to help the worthy poor Economics Created to help GB make more money by producing raw materials known as the WRIST crops Defense Created to defend the colony of South Carolina from Spain in Florida 3. What were some rules the trustees established for the new Georgia colony? No jews or catholics No buying or selling land No rum/alcohol Had to defend the colony of GA and grow mulberry trees 1. What was important about the relationship between Oglethorpe and SS8H2b – Analyze the Tomochichi? relationship between Helped established Savannah, Tomochichi gave Oglethrope the land of James Oglethorpe, Yamacraw Bluff (helped protect and trade with colonists as well) Tomochichi, and Mary 2. What impact did Mary Musgrove have on relations between the Musgrove in Yamacraw and the colonists? establishing the city of She translated for the colonists and natives Savannah at Also a trader and negotiated between the two groups Yamacraw Bluff. 1. List the 4 settler groups that originally came to GA SS8H2c – Evaluate the Jews, Salzburgers, Highland Scots, and Malcontents role of diverse groups in settling Georgia during the Trustee Period. 2. Why were Highland Scots recruited to Georgia? Brought in because they were great fighters 3. What town did the Salzburgers create that was known for its silk?  New Ebenezer 4. Which group was originally not allowed in the colony of GA? Why were they allowed in? Jews (had a doctor named Samule Nunez) 5. Which group hated the rules of the trustees? Malcontents 1. How did trustee policies change in the Royal Colony? SS8H2d-Explain the Allowed to buy and sell land transition of Georgia into Women can own land a royal colony with regard Economy improved drastically to land ownership, 2. How was land distributed differently in the Royal Colony? slavery, alcohol, and government. Allowed to buy and sell land (more land given if paid your own way over; no more land given to the worthy poor) 3. How was Georgia’s first self-government set up as a Royal Colony? Became a bicameral legislature (gave the people a vote in government) 1.What were the 5 WRIST crops the colony of Georgia aimed to grow? SS8H2e-Give examples of the Wine kinds of goods and services produced and traded in colonial Rice Georgia. Indigo Silk Tobacco SS8H3a-Explain the 1. Give two reasons that the French and Indian War can be considered a causes of the American cause of the American Revolution Revolution as they Put Great Britain into DEBT -> Proclamation of 1763 (King can’t afford war with natives) impacted Georgia; Taxes include the French and Indian War, 2. How did the French and Indian War impact Georgia specifically? Proclamation of 1763, Georgia’s borders grew in size and the Stamp Act. 3. What angered colonists most about the Proclamation of 1763? Colonists just fought a war for this new land but now King says they can’t use it 4. List 3 of the taxes that upset the colonists Sugar Act Stamp Act Tea Act Intolerable Acts 5. How did the Boston Tea Party contribute to the American Revolution?  Led to the King passing Intolerable Acts and the start of American Revolution 1. What are the 3 parts of the Declaration of Independence? SS8H3b-Interpret the three Preamble, Grievances, and Declaration parts of the Declaration of Independence and identify the three Georgia signers of 2. List the 3 signers of the Declaration of Independence from Georgia? the document. George Walton, Button Gwinett, and Lyman Hall 1. What was the importance of the Battle of Kettle Creek? SS8H3c - Analyze the PATRIOT win with much smaller army ->victory that boosts patriot significance of the Loyalists morale in GA and Patriots as a part of Georgia's role in the 2. What was the importance of the Siege of Savannah? Revolutionary War; include the LOYALIST/BRITISH victory -> Great Britain keeps control of Savannah Battle of Kettle Creek and Siege for the rest of the war of Savannah. SS8H4a: Explain reasons 1.Why was the University of Georgia created and who created it? for the establishment of Created by Abraham Baldwin to provide AFFORDABLE higher theUniversity of Georgia, education for all (higher education would make the country/democracy and for the westward better) movement of Georgia’s capitals. 2.What were the 5 capitals in GA’s history and why did they move? SALMA -> Savannah, Augusta, Louisville, Milledgeville, and Atlanta Capitals moved WEST to follow the POPULATION 1. What was the purpose of the headright system? Describe the amount SSH4b: Evaluate the of land given: impact of land policies Purpose-> gave free land to bring People to the state pursued by Georgia; Gave land to heads of households or white males over 21 -> 200 acres- include the headright plus additional 50 acres for each family member system, land lotteries, 2. What land was given away by the land lottery and who could get it? and the Yazoo Land Gave away Native American land (people got anywhere from 50 - 500 Fraud. acres) to heads of households, widows, and white males over 21 3. Explain the Yazoo Land Fraud. GA officials were BRIBED to sell land to land companies Companies ripped off settlers -> fraud/bribe was discovered and land was taken by the federal government (land is now called Alabama and Mississippi) SS8H4c: Explain how 1. What was the most important mechanical invention to Georgia’s technological economy in the early 1800s? developments, including Cotton Gin the cotton gin and railroads, had an impact 2. How did the railroads help develop the state of Georgia? on Georgia’s growth. Used to increase the trade and transportation of cotton, made GA King Cotton 3. What does the term King Cotton mean? GA produced more cotton than anywhere else in the world (economy dependent on cotton) 1. Who was William McIntosh and what did he do to the Muscogee? SS8H4d.: Describe the Chief of the Muscogee that signed the treaty of Indian Springs and sold role of William McIntosh the last of their land in Georgia in the removal of the Muscogee from Georgia. 2. What did his tribe do in response? They killed him 3. Why did McIntosh sell the last of his tribe's land? He thought it was the only way to avoid fighting/bloodshed with GA 1. What discovery led to the forced removal of the Cherokee? SS8h4e: Analyze how key Dahlonega Gold Rush people (John Ross, John Marshall, and Andrew Jackson) and events 2. Describe the ruling and outcome of the Worcester v GA case. Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Cherokee and declared the (Dahlonega Gold Rush Cherokee a SOVEREIGN nation and Worcester v. Georgia) led to the 3. What role did John Marshall play with removal of Cherokee removal of the Cherokees Supreme Court Justice that ruled on the side of the Cherokee from Georgia known as the Trail of Tears. 4. What role did John Ross play with removal of Cherokee Chief of the Cherokee that fought (peacefully) for Cherokee independence 5. What role did Andrew Jackson play with removal of Cherokee President of the US that worked against the Cherokee Did not enforce Worcester v GA ruling Signed the Indian Removal Act and removed the Cherokee on the Trail of Tears 6. What was the Indian Removal Act and how did it lead to the trail of tears? Act that allowed federal government to remove natives at any time (after Treaty of New Echota, Andrew Jackson used Indian Removal Act to force the remaining Cherokee to leave their land-> forced to march to Oklahoma, now known as the Trail of Tears  1. Explain the Kansas-Nebraska Act? SS8H5a.: Explain the importance of key issues KNA allows Kansas and Nebraska to use popular sovereignty (vote to people and events that led to the on slavery for the state). Leads to people flocking to the state and fighting over Civil War – include slavery, the vote; known as Bleeding Kansas states’ rights, nullification, Missouri Compromise, 2. Describe the major components of the Compromise of 1850. Compromise of 1850 and North gets: California enters as a free state and slave trade ends in Washington the Georgia Platform, DC Kansas-Nebraska Act, Dred South gets: Fugitive Slave Act Scott case, election of 1860, Both get: popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico the debate over secession in Makes both sides angry Georgia. GA gives GA Platform in SUPPORT of Compromise 3. What was the significance of the Dred Scott Case? SS8H5b. Explain Georgia’s Dred Scott stayed a slave role in the Civil War; African American were no longer Citizens and slaves ruled as property include the Union blockade Declares Mason Dixon Line (36/30 parallel) as unconstitutional -> making of Georgia’s coast, the slavery allowed in ALL states Emancipation Makes the North angry and South happy increasing sectionalism between both Proclamation, sides Chickamauga, Sherman’s 4. What was the result of the Election of 1860 and how did this cause the Atlanta Campaign, Civil War? Lincoln wins the election (even though his name was not on the ballot in the Sherman’s March to the South) Sea, and Andersonville. This makes the South angry, especially because they think Lincoln is going to abolish slavery South secedes (starting with South Carolina) 1. Explain the Anaconda Plan. How was it supposed to work? 1. Blockade southern ports 2. Capture Mississippi River 3. Capture Richmond VA (capital) Surround the South and cut off their access to supplies to make them weaker. Then slowly squeeze the life out of them )like an Anaconda) towards the capital 2. Explain the Atlanta Campaign and Sherman’s March to the Sea. Union forces capture the city of Atlanta: gives them control of CSA railroad hub and signals end of the war is near (this gets Lincoln reelected as president) Sherman’s march used the strategy of total warfare to diminish the South’s will to keep fighting Shermans destroys railroads and anything of value on his path from ATL to SAV  Sherman captures the city of Savannah Brings a FASTER end to the Civil War 3. Explain the purpose/benefit of the Emancipation proclamation Abraham Lincoln gives this as a deal to the Confederacy Don’t return to the Union and the CSA slaves would be freed Only frees slaves in the Confederacy Makes the war all about slavery, giving the North a reason to fight Allows African Americans to join union army Stops GB from trading with the Confederacy