Human Resources Past Paper PDF

# III. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS 1. Human resources are the most important resources of a country. Do you agree with the statement? Give reasons in support of your answer. Ans. Yes, we agree with the statement that Human Resources are the most important resources of a country because natu...

# III. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS 1. Human resources are the most important resources of a country. Do you agree with the statement? Give reasons in support of your answer. Ans. Yes, we agree with the statement that Human Resources are the most important resources of a country because natural resources are useful only in the presence of Human Resources. Natural Resources turned into useful products only by human resources. Human resources are most significant resources of the earth surface. Health, Education, motivation and skill turn the people into Human resources. Social, Political, Economic and Cultural factors are responsible for the country's development and these factors are dependent on Human Resources. We can say progress and development of a country depends on Human resources only. 2. What do you know about population comoposition explain its major components? Ans. The description of population, defined by the characteristics such as age, marital status or sex is known as the population composition. These descriptions provide different qualities of human beings. It is the structure of the population. There are three major components of human resources. (i) Sex Composition: It refers to the proportion of male and female in the total population. The number of males and females differ from region to region. World's average sex ratio is 985 females per 1000 male. Unfavorable sex ratio always carries negative impact on social, cultural and economic structure of nation. (ii) Literacy Level: Literacy level of people, besides affecting their economic status, affects their cultural status also. Literacy is essential not only for our life but also for the wellbeing of our environment. (iii) Age Structure: Population of a country is divided into three different age groups of 0-14 years, 15 to 64 years and 65 year and the above. This division in called age structure. It helps us to plan and evaluate various aspects of economic development. 3. Distribution of the world population is affected by different factors What are these factors? Ans. Factors Affecting the Distribution of Population are as under: Climate: It directly influences the human settlements. Human beings generally avoid settling in harsh climatic regions, as it hinders their working ability. Relief: Plain areas are much suitable for settlements as compared to hilly and plateau regions. Plains provide best topography for agricultural and industrial development. These activities provide best opportunities for employment and attract huge number of people. Soil : Fertile plains like the Ganga and Brahmaputra plains are thickly populated because they have fertile soil to support agricultural activities. Water : Water is one of the basic needs of human beings. They also prefer the area having great source of water. Minerals : Areas having great mineral wealth are more populated as compared to those which lack in mineral deposits. Social, Economic and Political Factors : Health, Housing Education are considered as the social Factors that are required by the human beings. An area with improved economic conditions and employment opportunities always attracts a large number of people. Political stability influences the concentration and growth of population. 4. Age structure helps us to plan and evaluate various aspects of economic development. Explain. Which diagram is used to show age structure ? Give different population pyramids. Ans. Age structure helps us to plan and evaluate various aspects of economic development. Population of a country is divided into three groups such as 0-14, 14-64 and 65 and above years. It is shown by age structure Diagram. This Diagram looks like a pyramid, so it is also called Population Pyramid. These Population Pyramid are given below: | Age | Males | Females | |---|---|---| | 75+ | | | | 70-74 | | | | 65-69 | | | | 60-64 | | | | 55-59 | | | | 50-54 | | | | 45-49 | | | | 40-44 | | | | 35-39 | | | | 30-34 | | | | 25-29 | | | | 20-24 | | | | 15-19 | | | | 10-14 | | | | 5-9 | | | | 0-4 | | | Population Pyramid of Kenya 5. Differentiate between the following: (i) Distribution of Population and Density of Population (ii) Population Pyramid of Japan and India. (iii) Birth Rate and Death Rate. Ans. (i) Distribution of Population and Density of Population. Distribution of Population | Density of Population | ---|--- It refers to the way in which human beings are spread across the world. | It refers to the number of people living in an area per square km of land. | Factors affecting the distribution of population are climate, Relief, Soil, Water, Minerals, Social, Cultural, Economic and Political. | Physical, Cultural, Social and Political factors are responsible for these variation in density of population. | (ii) Population Pyramid of Japan and India. | Population Pyramid of Japan | Population Pyramid India | |---|---| Less Birth Rate than the death Rate, Population Pyramid of Japan has low birth rate, narrow at the base. | Less Death Rate than the Birth Rate In India population pyramid has less death rate, is broader in the younger age group. India has large number of Young and Working people | Number of Young and Working people are less as compared to India. | | (iii) Birth Rate and Death Rate. | Birth Rate | Death Rate | |---|---| It refers to the number of live births per 1000 people. | It refers to number of deaths per 1000 people. | It reflects population growth. | It reflects population decline. |