Destructive Tests on Welds in Metallic Materials - ISO 17639
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December 2013 DIN EN ISO 17639...
December 2013 DIN EN ISO 17639 D ICS 25.160.40 Supersedes DIN EN 1321:1996-12 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials – Macroscopic and microscopic examination of welds (ISO 17639:2003); English version EN ISO 17639:2013, English translation of DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 Zerstörende Prüfung von Schweißverbindungen an metallischen Werkstoffen – Makroskopische und mikroskopische Untersuchungen von Schweißnähten (ISO 17639:2003); Englische Fassung EN ISO 17639:2013, Englische Übersetzung von DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 Essais destructifs des soudures sur matériaux métalliques – Examens macroscopique et microscopique des assemblages soudés (ISO 17639:2003); Version anglaise EN ISO 17639:2013, Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ Document comprises 16 pages Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst. In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative. © No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission of DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). www.din.de !%*YF" www.beuth.de 11.13 2075435 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (ISO 17639:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 “Welding and allied processes”, Subcommittee SC 5 “Testing and inspection of welds” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France) and has been adopted without alteration as European Standard EN ISO 17639:2013 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding and allied processes” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren (Welding and Allied Processes Standards Committee), Joint Committee NA 092-00-05 GA NAS/NMP: Zerstörende Prüfung von Schweißverbindungen (DVS AG Q 4). The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 6520-1 DIN EN ISO 6520-1 ISO 9956-3 *) DIN EN ISO 15614-1 *) ISO 9956-4 DIN EN ISO 15614-2 ISO/TR 15608 DIN-Fachbericht CEN ISO/TR 15608 ISO/TR 16060 DIN V 1739 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 1321:1996-12 as follows: a) Clause 2 “Normative references” has been updated; b) the former Clause 5 is now Clause 4 “Abbreviations” and the former Clause 4 is now Clause 5 “Principle”. Previous editions DIN EN 1321: 1996-12 ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ *) The ISO Standard has been withdrawn. A similar EN ISO Standard has been published. 2 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 6520-1, Welding and allied processes — Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic materials — Part 1: Fusion welding DIN EN ISO 15614-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding procedure test — Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys DIN EN ISO 15614-2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding procedure test — Part 2: Arc welding of aluminium and its alloys DIN Fachbericht CEN ISO/TR 15608, Welding — Guidelines for a metallic materials grouping system DIN V 1739, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Etchants for macroscopic and microscopic examination ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ 3 ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ 4 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 — This page is intentionally blank — EUROPEAN STANDARD EN ISO 17639 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM August 2013 ICS 25.160.40 Supersedes EN 1321:1996 English Version Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Macroscopic and microscopic examination of welds (ISO 17639:2003) Essais destructifs des soudures sur matériaux métalliques - Zerstörende Prüfung von Schweißverbindungen an Examens macroscopique et microscopique des metallischen Werkstoffen - Makroskopische und assemblages soudés (ISO 17639:2003) mikroskopische Untersuchungen von Schweißnähten (ISO 17639:2003) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 August 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 17639:2013: E worldwide for CEN national Members. DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) Contents Page Foreword............................................................................................................................................................. 3 1 Scope...................................................................................................................................................... 4 2 Normative references........................................................................................................................... 4 3 Terms and definitions........................................................................................................................... 4 4 Abbreviations........................................................................................................................................ 5 5 Principle................................................................................................................................................. 5 6 Purpose of the test................................................................................................................................ 5 7 Removal of test specimens.................................................................................................................. 5 8 Test procedure...................................................................................................................................... 7 8.1 General................................................................................................................................................... 7 8.2 Test specimen preparation.................................................................................................................. 7 8.3 Surface finish........................................................................................................................................ 7 8.4 Etching methods................................................................................................................................... 7 8.5 Etchants................................................................................................................................................. 8 8.6 Safety measures.................................................................................................................................... 8 9 Examination........................................................................................................................................... 8 10 Designation............................................................................................................................................ 8 11 Test report............................................................................................................................................ 11 Annex A (informative) Example of a test report............................................................................................ 12 ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ 2 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) Foreword The text of ISO 17639:2003 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 “Welding and allied processes” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 17639:2013 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding and allied processes” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1321:1996. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 17639:2003 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 17639:2013 without any modification. ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ 3 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) 1 Scope This International Standard gives recommendations for specimen preparation, test procedures and their main objectives for macroscopic and microscopic examination. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6520-1, Welding and allied processes — Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic materials — Part 1: Fusion welding ISO 9956-3, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 3: Welding procedure tests for arc welding of steels ISO 9956-4, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 4: Welding procedure tests for the arc welding of aluminium and its alloys ISO/TR 15608, Welding — Guidelines for a metallic materials grouping system ISO/TR 16060, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Etchants for macroscopic and microscopic examination 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 macroscopic examination examination of a test specimen by the naked eye, or under low magnification (generally less than u 50), with or without etching ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ 3.2 microscopic examination examination of a test specimen by microscope with a magnification of generally u 50 to u 500, with or without etching 3.3 operator person who performs the macroscopic and/or microscopic examination 4 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) 4 Abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply. A Macroscopic examination I Microscopic examination E Etched U Unetched Abbreviations for parent metals shall be in accordance with the grouping systems in ISO 9956-3 for steels and ISO 9956-4 for aluminium and its alloys. Grouping systems for other materials are given in ISO/TR 15608. The same grouping systems shall also be used for weld metal. The abbreviations for etchants should be taken from ISO/TR 16060 whenever applicable. NOTE A trade mark can be used if ISO/TR 16060 is not applicable. 5 Principle Macroscopic and microscopic examination is used to reveal the macroscopic or microscopic features of a welded joint, usually by the examination of transverse sections. This is done by visual and/or optical examination of the prepared surface, before or after etching. 6 Purpose of the test The purpose of macroscopic and microscopic examinations is to assess the structure (including grain structure, morphology and orientation, precipitates and inclusions) independently and/or in relation to various cracks and cavities. Sections can also provide a record of sample shape in the planes of the section. Table 1 gives guidance on the assessment of features which can be detected by macroscopic and microscopic examination. ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ 7 Removal of test specimens Test specimens are generally oriented perpendicular to the weld axis (transverse section), including the weld deposit and heat affected zones on both sides of the weld. However, test specimens may also apply to other orientations. The location, orientation and number of test pieces should be specified prior to testing, for example by reference to an application standard. 5 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) Table 1 — Guidelines for assessment of features by microscopic and macroscopic examination Defect in Macro Macro Micro Micro Features accordance with examination examination examination examination ISO 6520-1 without etching with etching without etching with etching 1 Hot cracks 100 X X X X 2 Cold cracks 100 X X X X 3 Lamellar tearing 100 X X X X 4 Cavities 200 X X X X 5 Inclusions 300 X X X X 6 Lack of 400 X X X X fusion/penetration 7 Geometrical shape 500 X X — — 8 Heat affected zone — — X — X 9 Runs and layers — — X — (X) 10 Grain boundary — — — (X) X 11 Grain structure — — — — X 12 Solidification structure — — X — X 13 Joint preparation — (X) X X X 14 Direction of — — X — X rolling/extrusion 15 Direction of fibre — — X — X structure (grains) 16 Segregation — — X — X 17 Precipitation — — — — X 18 Repair and non- — (X) X (X) X conformance 19 Mechanical/thermal — — X — X effects X means features revealed; (X) means features may or may not be revealed NOTE A number of the features listed may be beyond the resolution of an optical microscope, e.g. precipitates and inclusions. ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ 6 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) 8 Test procedure 8.1 General The following information shall be given: parent metals and welding consumables; object of the test; composition/name of the etchant; surface finish (see 8.3); etching methods (see 8.4); etching time; additional measures (see 8.6); any additional requirements. 8.2 Test specimen preparation The test specimen shall be prepared for examination by cutting, mounting, grinding and/or polishing and/or etching as appropriate (see ISO/TR 16060). The surface to be examined shall not be adversely influenced by these processes. 8.3 Surface finish The requirement for surface finish depends on aspects such as type of examination (macroscopic or microscopic); type of material; documentation (such as photographs). NOTE Details of the grinding and polishing media and methods of grinding and polishing are given in ISO/TR 16060. ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ 8.4 Etching methods The method of etching shall be specified prior to etching. The most common methods are etching by immersing the test specimen in the etchant; etching by swabbing the surface of the test specimen; electrolytic etching. Other methods may be used but should be specified, e.g. by reference to an application standard. When etching is completed, the test specimen should be washed and dried. 7 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) 8.5 Etchants Typical etchants for various parent metals, weld deposits, purposes and types of examination are given in ISO/TR 16060. Depending on the information required, the type and concentration of the etchant as well as the etching temperature and time may be varied according to the material and type of examination. For similar joints, different etchants may be used. 8.6 Safety measures The following safety measures shall be observed: wear eye or face protection, as appropriate; handle etchants with suitable gloves or tongs; mixtures shall be made in a fume cupboard or under a fume hood; always pour acid into water and not vice versa; always pour solute into solvent; i.e. the smaller quantity (solute) into the larger quantity (solvent). 9 Examination The prepared surface may be examined before and/or after etching, as appropriate, or in accordance with the relevant standards and/or specifications. 10 Designation The examination shall be designated as follows: reference to this International Standard; type of examination (macroscopic or microscopic examination); ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ unetched or etched; object of the test (weld metal and/or parent metal); welded joints (parent metal left, parent metal right and weld metal); etchant (number of the table in ISO/TR 16060). The designation may be given in a full or a shortened version: this is shown in examples 1 and 2. NOTE The object of the test should be expressed between hyphens. 8 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) EXAMPLE 1 Full version A microscopic examination with the following conditions: Etched; Object of the test: 43; Parent metal left: 5.4 right: 9.2 Consumable: 43 Etchant: xy EXAMPLE 1a) Object of the test: Weld metal only Examination - ISO 17639 - I - E - 43 - 5.4 / 9.2 / 43 / xy where ISO 17639 reference to this International Standard; I microscopic examination; E etched; 43 object of the test; 5.4 steel with Cr max. 9 %, Mo max. 1,2 %; 9.2 austenitic stainless steel; ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ 43 weld metal: Ni/Fe/Cr/Mo with Ni max. 40 %; xy etchant. NOTE xy stands for table number in the relevant annex of ISO/TR 16060. 9 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) EXAMPLE 1b) Object of the test: Weld metal and parent metal left Examination - ISO 17639 - I - E - 43, 5.4 - 5.4 / 9.2 / 43 / xy where ISO 17639 reference to this International Standard; I microscopic examination; E etched; 43, 5.4 object of the test; 5.4 steel with Cr max. 9 %, Mo max. 1,2 %; 9.2 austenitic stainless steel; 43 weld metal: Ni/Fe/Cr/Mo with Ni max. 40 %; xy etchant. EXAMPLE 1c) Object of the test: Weld metal and parent metals left and right Examination - ISO 17639 - I - E - 43, 5.4, 9.2 - 5.4 / 9.2 / 43 / xy where ISO 17639 reference to this International Standard; I microscopic examination; E etched; 43, 5.4, 9.2 object of the test; 5.4 steel with Cr max. 9 %, Mo max. 1,2 %; 9.2 austenitic stainless steel; ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ 43 weld metal: Ni/Fe/Cr/Mo with Ni max. 40 %; xy etchant. 10 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) EXAMPLE 2 Shortened version A macroscopic examination with the following conditions: Etched; Object of the test: 22.2; Parent metal left: 22.2 right: 22.2 Weld metal: 22.2 Etchant: xy NOTE Object of the test (22.2) means weld metal and parent metal left and right. Examination - ISO 17639 - A - E - 22.2- 22.2 / xy where ISO 17639 reference to this International Standard; A macroscopic examination; E etched; 22.2 object of the test; 22.2 parent and weld metals: aluminium-magnesium alloys with a Mg content of 4 % to 5,6 %; xy etchant. 11 Test report ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ The test report should contain at least the following: a) reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 17639; b) designation of the examination; c) location and orientation of the test specimen and the examined surface; d) Welding Procedure Approval Record (WPAR) or, if this is not available, then at least the type of parent metal and consumables and, when used, the post-weld heat treatment and/or etching; e) type of etchant and etching method; f) if necessary, description of the examined surface; g) if required, photographs and/or sketches, sizes of magnification. An example of a typical test report is given in Annex A. 11 DIN EN ISO 17639:2013-12 EN ISO 17639:2013 (E) Annex A (informative) Example of a test report Test report in accordance with ISO 17639 1) WPAR: No. (d): Manufacturer: Purpose of examination: Test piece: Test specimen: Parent metal: Consumable: Post-weld heat treatment and or ageing treatment: Designation (b) Macroscopic etchant (e) Microscopic etchant (e) (g) and (f) (g) and (f) ǦǦǦ ǦǤͽͿ;ͿͽǦǤͿ;ͽͿͶͽͶͶͷǦͶͷǦͶͻǦ;ͷǣͺͶ Figure: No. Figure: No. Location (c) Location (c) Magnification (g) Magnification (g) Surface description (f) Surface description (f) Operator Authorized person/body (Name, date, signature) (Name, date, signature) 1) Letters in parentheses refer to Clause 11 of this International Standard. 12
