Introduction to Philosophy 11/12 PDF

WHOLE BRAIN LEARNING SYSTEM OUTCOME-BASED EDUCATION Senior High School GRADE Philosophy 11/12 3 LEARNING QUARTER M...

WHOLE BRAIN LEARNING SYSTEM OUTCOME-BASED EDUCATION Senior High School GRADE Philosophy 11/12 3 LEARNING QUARTER MODULE WEEK 1-2 WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  MODULE IN INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON QUARTER III UNDERSTANDING PHILOSOPHY BY DOING IT Development Team Writer: Florendo D. Damaso, Jr. Reviewers: Rhonel S. Bandiola Roxy G. Gaoiran Richard A. Hapa Illustrator: Florendo D. Damaso, Jr. Layout Artist: Bryll B. Atienza Management Team: Vilma D. Eda Arnel S. Bandiola Lourdes B. Arucan Juanito V. Labao Imelda Fatima G. Hernaez WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  WHAT I NEED TO KNOW What this module is about? Welcome to this subject, Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person. This module offers a simple way for us to understand what philosophy is. It tries to explain highly technical language in a way that will let you partake the great wealth of ideas unveiled by generations of thinkers. The main approach of this module is to invite you to understand philosophy through guided discussions and activities, and thereby learn to philosophize and act upon the insights they draw from the process. To introduce you to this experience, this module will guide you to develop a holistic perspective of philosophy. It contains interesting discussion that will guide you in understanding these disciplines. Activities are found in every lesson to test your understanding and to help you retain better what you have learned. Have your own journal for your reflections and activities. Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) 1. Distinguish a holistic perspective from a partial point of view; 2. Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life; and 3. Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation from a holistic perspective. What you are expected to learn? After going through the module, you are expected to: 1. Identify the importance of having a holistic perspective in Philosophy; 2. Illustrate the significance of studying the philosophy of the human person; and 3. Describe a Philosopher. Important Reminder DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING IN THIS MODULE. This module is government property and other learners will use it again. You may use any clean sheet of paper that is available in your home for your answers in the given activities. The rubrics and answer key for the activities are found in the latter page of this module for you to self- check your answers. This module will be retrieved by the end of the week. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  WHAT I KNOW Pretest. This is to test your prior knowledge on the given lesson. Directions: Read and analyze each question carefully. Write the letter of your answer in any clean sheet of paper. Label it as Week 1 - WHAT I KNOW. Do not forget to write your name in your paper 1. What language did Philosophy originate from? A. Indian B. English C. Chinese D. Greek 2. Etymologically, Philosophy means: A. Love of reality B. Love of wisdom C. Love of truth D. Love of reason 3. In Philosophy, to love means: A. to have a deep understanding with your emotions B. to have a strong relationship with another person. C. to have a strong desire for a particular thing. D. to have an unbreakable bond with nature. 4. This person is called a lover of wisdom. A. Wiseman B. Witch C. Philosopher D. Scholar 5. The start of Philosophy. A. Education System B. Bible C. Curiosity D. Magic 6. Philosophy is the study of beings in their ultimate causes, reasons and principles through the aid of human reason alone. What does BEINGS in the statement mean? A. All things that exists B. Living things C. Non-living things D. Humans 7. Philosophy is a science because: A. science apparatuses are being used. B. it involves inquiry and investigation. C. it is not systematic. D. it is a subject being taught in school. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 8. What does “Natural light of reason” mean? A. A philosopher uses unaided reasoning. B. A philosopher should be a natural citizen. C. A philosopher philosophizes in broad daylight. D. None of the choices. 9. Which of the following is NOT included in the study of Philosophy? A. Biology B. Sociology C. Anthropology D. None from the choices. 10. A boy refused to steal a loaf of bread even though he is very hungry because he knows what is right and what is wrong. What branch of Philosophy does the situation apply to? A. Logic B. Aesthetic C. Ethics D. Existentialism WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  Lesson A HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE: THE PHILOSOPHER’S 1 WAY WHAT IS IT Lesson Discussion A. Philosophy and its Holistic Approach A philosopher’s way of thinking can be described as “abstractive”. This means that it rises from the level of everyday life to a higher level that gives a bird’s eye view of the whole. Try to visualize that you are at the top of a mountain or in an airplane. The view is certainly different from up there than from the ground. When you are on the ground, you see roads, buildings, and all that make up the busy everyday life, one at a time. When you are up there, you not only see the same roads and buildings from a different perspective, but you see them all at the same time. Moreover, you also see how they are connected to each other. This is what we mean by seeing things from a holistic perspective. We come closer to the truth about a thing or someone when we look at that thing or person from various perspectives. Doing philosophy is looking at reality from a holistic perspective and not from a partial point of view. B. Meaning of Philosophy Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy Etymologically, the word “philosophy comes from two greek words, Philla, meaning “love” and Sophia, meaning “wisdom”. Philosophy originally means “love of wisdom”, and in a broad sense, wisdom is still the goal of philosophy. Philosophy is also defined as the science that by natural light of reasons studies the first causes or highest principles of all things. Under this definition, four things are to be considered: WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  Science – Philosophy includes investigation, which is systematic. It starts with having thoughts forming questions. Natural Light of Reason – Philosophy uses reason to investigate. The Philosopher uses his natural capacity to think without the help of any other laboratory instrument or investigative tools. This is also called human reason or unaided reason. Study of All Things – Other sciences concern themselves with a particular object of investigation. For example, anthropologists study human beings in relation with the society, sociologists study society, its form, structure and functions, theologians investigate God, botanists focus their attention to plants; whereas a philosopher studies human beings, society, religion and plants. First Cause or Highest Principle – Philosophy seeks the fundamental truth of everything. C. Branches of Philosophy Metaphysics Metaphysics comes from the words Meta which means beyond/after and Physika which means physical. This branch study things beyond the physical. Questions arising from this branch: Do I have a soul in my body? Am I a soul in a body? Is there heaven or hell? Astral Body Projection What is the origin of the Source: https://www.wallpaperflare.com/search?wallpaper=astral universe? Why do we dream? Ethics Ethics explores the nature of moral virtue and evaluate human actions. This branch studies the nature of moral judgements. It focuses on how people should live with each other in relation with other beings. Liberty Scale. Symbol Questions arising from this branch: of Justice Source: Is mercy killing acceptable? https://pixabay.com/v ectors/search/scales/ If you could save people by killing one person, would you? When is it okay to lie? WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 Epistemology Epistemology comes from the words Episteme which means knowledge and Logos which means study or “Study of Knowledge”. This branch deals with the nature, sources, limitations, and validity of knowledge. It focuses with the truth and its justification. Questions arising from this branch: What do I know? Is my knowledge valid? Is what I know useful? The Thinker by Auguste Rodin Source: https://freesvg.org/thinker-sculpture Logic Logic comes from the Greek word logike which means an analysis of human thought. This branch is the science of correct thinking. It distinguishes good from bad reasoning. It is important to underpin that logic does not provide us knowledge for logic is Two Functions of the Brain considered as a tool to validate our human thoughts. Source: https://www.needpix.com/photo/download/86 5509/brain-mind-psychology-idea-hearts- love-drawing-split-personality-thought Aesthetics Aesthetics is the science of the beautiful in its various manifestations. This branch deals not only with what is attractive but what is valuable. As a branch of philosophy, one should consider the importance of Aesthetics because of the following: It vitalizes our knowledge. It makes our knowledge of the world alive and useful. It helps us to live more deeply and richly. It helps us to see things beyond the surface. It brings us in touch with our culture. It helps us appreciate the development of one’s culture. These different branches help us understand the world we live in. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  WHAT’S MORE Activity 1.1: Reflection Directions: In any clean sheet of paper, write a reflection on the quotation from Margaret Thatcher, the former Prime Minister of Great Britain and Iron Lady of UK. How does the quotation relate to Holistic view in the Philosophy of the Human Person? Label it as Activity 1.1 Reflection. Do not forget to write your name in your paper. Watch your thoughts for they become words. Watch your words for they become actions. Watch your actions for they become habits. Watch your habits for they become your character. And watch your character for it becomes your destiny. What we think, we become. Margaret Thatcher, the former Prime Minister of Great Britain and Iron Lady of UK Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Margaret_Thatcher.png WHAT I HAVE LEARNED To understand philosophy is to engage in it. This entails opening ourselves up to the experience of questioning our own established beliefs, of looking with the mind beyond what we “see” with our senses. Doing philosophy entails a holistic rather than a partial perspective. With a holistic perspective, we are able to see the connectedness of parts to see a meaningful whole. Having a glimpse of the whole allows us to see the meaning of the activities that we do everyday – from rising to working to sleeping. WHAT I CAN DO Activity 1.2. Connecting to Daily Life Directions: 1. Cite examples of how the holistic view of Philosophy can be applied in the day-to-day life by sharing concepts in the following: a. School b. Sports c. Politics d. Relationships 2. Write your answers in any clean sheet of paper. Label it as Activity 1.2. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  Lesson WHAT IT MEANS TO BE A PHILOSOPHER 2 WHAT’S IN We have discussed in Lesson 1 that we should widen our perspective to see the connectedness of parts to see a meaningful whole. Observe the following picture and make a Picture Analysis. Lesson Motivation Picture Analysis: Finding out who is right Directions: Who between the two is correct? The person in the left or person in the right? Why do you think so? Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. WHAT IS IT A. What It Means To Be A Philosopher When we say Philosophy is the “Love of Wisdom”, a Philosopher is what we call the “Lover of Wisdom”. Philosophers have been the object of laughter for as long as the world remember. Thales, himself, was known to have been laughed at one day when he was busily gazing up the heavens, and fell into a cistern. Another Greek philosopher, Socrates, was comically portrayed by the comedian Aristophanes. He said that Socrates, and all other philosophers, are ugly and unkempt because they have no time to bathe. The reason behind is that they WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 spend more time in seeking the truth and knowing more. As such, to be a Philosopher is to have a deep love with knowing things that revolve around our daily living. B. Beginnings of Philosophy, Western and Eastern Philosophers and their Philosophies Many philosophers hold that there are three great original centers of philosophy in the world – Greek (or Western), Indian, and Chinese (Eastern). All three arose as critical reflections on their own cultural traditions. Let’s study how Philosophy begun through the Philosophers and their philosophies. Period Western Eastern Ancient Greece Greek Indian (First Philosophers) Thales of Miletus Gautama Buddha The focus of Philosophy in Argues that everything in the Founded Buddhism focuses this era is of the origin of world came from water and is on spirituality. People call the world. made out of water. him crazy for focusing in self-reflection while ignoring the world. Greek Triumvirate Chinese Socrates – Introduced Socratic Confucius – Golden Rule Method. A method of Promoted social and moral philosophizing by asking values. Explained life questions upon questions. through the principle of Plato – Founded the Academy YinYang for students to study. Aristotle – Developed deductive reasoning Medieval Period St. Thomas Aquinas Muhammad The focus of Philosophy in He produced a comprehensive He was an Arab religious, this era is Theodicy or the synthesis of Christian theology social, and political leader study of God. This period and Aristotelian philosophy that and the founder of Islam. is considered the era that influenced Roman Catholic started the Dark Ages up doctrine for centuries and was Introduced the Five Pillars to the Renaissance Period. adopted as the official of Islam as way of life. Philosophers are trying to philosophy of the church. He explain the essence of life used Christianity to answer 1. Testament of Faith through Religion. questions of existence and 2. Daily Prayers purpose in life. 3. Alms-giving 4. Fasting The Dark Ages is 5. Holy Pilgrimage characterized by the WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 suppression of ideas. One can be thrown to jail for own opinion. All books were burned at the time. Holy Wars were prevalent. The Renaissance period is also called “Rebirth” because after the suppression of ideas and books being burned comes the flourish of Art and Literature. Modern Period Rene De Cartes Guru Nanak The focus of Philosophy inHe popularized Cartesian The core beliefs of Sikhism, this era is Epistemology or dualism, his theory on the articulated in the Guru the study of knowledge. separation of the mind and the Granth Sahib, include faith body. He attempted to and meditation on the Critical Thinking is demonstrate the existence of name of the one creator; prevalent. The period of God and the distinction divine unity and equality of the development of Math. between the human soul and all humankind; engaging body. in seva ('selfless service'); striving for justice for the benefit and prosperity of all; and honest conduct and livelihood while living a householder's life. Claims meditation as communication with God. Promotes selfless service and action to others. Contemporary Period Jean Paul Satre The focus of Philosophy in For Sartre, existence precedes this era is Existentialism. essence, freedom is absolute, Philosophers are trying to and existence is freedom. It explain the existence and has been made clear purpose of life together that Sartre does not believe with death. that any essence or substance can be attributed to individuals prior to their existence. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  WHAT’S MORE Activity 2.1: Diving to a Philosopher’s Mind Directions: Choose one of the quotes below to reflect. What do you think they have in mind when they said the following quotation? Write your reflection in any clean sheet of paper and Label it as Activity 2.1: Diving to a Philosopher’s Mind. Don’t forget to write your name in your paper. “Science is what you know. Philosophy is what you don’t know.” - Bernard Russell “If you would be a real seeker after truth, it is necessary that at least once in your life you doubt, as far as possible, all things. “ - René Descartes WHAT I HAVE LEARNED Life for eastern philosophers is a translation of thought; it is philosophy in action. Easter philosophers believe that life must be the extension of thought, its fruits, and its application. They accept the validity of intuition and mysticism, the readiness to revert to extra logical, if not illogical modes of thinking. Their basic philosophical concepts are shrouded in religious beliefs and myths. For them, if logic is no longer able to solve a life problem they resort to intuition. The western philosophers has but to theorize and speculate. They oppose the acceptance of religious beliefs and myths in their reasoning. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  Lesson THE FILIPINO PHILOSOPHER 3 WHAT’S IN We have discussed in Lesson 2 how Philosophy sprung to the different parts of the world through the different great thinkers. It is their task to find answers to different questions and explain them in best way they can. In the Philippines, we have what we call the “Pilosopo”. Lesson Motivation Activity 3.1. Concept Map: Misconception of a Being a Pilosopo Directions: Answer the given questions. 1. What are the first words that come in to your mind when you hear the word “Pilosopo”? Draw a concept map in any clean sheet of paper; fill in the words that come in to your mind in each circle. Pilosopo WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  2. With your answers in the concept map, what is your general concept of a “pilosopo”? Write your answer below your drawing of your concept map. Label this activity as Activity 3.1: Concept Map. WHAT IS IT Lesson Discussion A. Misconceptions of the word “Pilosopo” and its true meaning In the Philippines, the term “pilosopo” connotes the image of a comical, and sometimes annoying, character. It is often used to describe someone who plays with words, or twists commonsensical reasonings in order to come across as funny. Sometimes the pilosopo is also described as “KSP” (kulang sa pansin) because their incessant questioning gives the impression that they are desperate for attention. Is a pilosopo what we mean by a philosopher? The answer can either be yes or no. No, a philosopher is not a pilosopo because he/she does not play with words, or twists reasonings just for the fun of it. Yes, a pilosopo is not a philosopher, if his/her intention in playing with words and overturning usual forms of reasonings is in order to view things in a different way. Sometimes, it is when you try to look at things upside-down or inside-out that you discover things that would give you a sense of wonder and astonishment. No, a philosopher is not a pilosopo, if he/she raises questions often with the intention of showing off that he/she is singularly smart and inquisitive. Yes, a pilosopo is a philosopher if the questions he/she asks stem from a genuine confusion, astonishment and wonder. Most important of all, those questions are personal because they deeply touch on or has a bearing on the philosopher’s understanding of meaning of life. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 B. The Filipino Philosophy Filipinos do have their own philosophy. As part of the east part of the world, their philosophy is rooted with religious beliefs and myths. Like any other people, the Filipino must eventually take consciousness of his own particular life and his world, his society and his gods in the light of Truth, and thereby realize his proper being. This section draws out elements or draw sketches of the general lines of Filipino philosophy. The three dimensions of Filipino philosophy are: Loob (or Kalooban), Filipino Philosophy of Time, and Bahala Na. 1. Loob or Kalooban Filipinos believe in innate goodness of the human being. A Filipino believes that every person is good by nature. He upholds values of loyalty, hospitality, pakikisama, respect to authority and concept of utang na loob. Filipino ethics is engraved to the wholeness of a person. Give high regards with dignity, pride, respect, and family-orientedness. 2. Filipino Philosophy of Time A Filipino believes in the Gulong ng Palad process of life which entails that there is a right time for everything. He believes that things happen for a reason with relations to time. As the saying goes, oras mo na or hindi mo pa oras. He clings to unmitigated optimism that one day; all things will go for the better and reasons out bad happenings for wrong timing. 3. Bahala Na The Bahala Na philosophy started in the pre-spanish period with the belief of Bathala, elements and the like. This philosophy is the most outstanding virtue to Filipinos. It involves complete trust in the Divine Providence or Fate – having the acceptance of whatever the outcome of his decisions. It is also characterized by the courage of taking risks. These 3 dimensions of Filipino Thinking forms our philosophy of life. This way of thinking is how Filipinos answers questions like: Bakit single pa ako?, Bakit ang bata niyang namatay? and Paano na kaya future ko? WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  WHAT I HAVE LEARNED The word “philosophy” literally means love of wisdom. Sometimes, however, the term “pilosopo” has negative connotation like someone who asks nonsense questions for selfish reasons. The etymological meaning, however, leads us to the true meaning of “pilosopo” as someone who asks questions because of a genuine desire to know and to view things in a different way. His questions emanate from real confusion, astonishment and wonder and from an honest admission that he does not know. His questions are personal because they deeply touch on his understanding of life. Filipinos have their own philosophy at the very start of time. From the belief of Bathala, elements and spirits, it grew into reasonings that are used to explain our behavior and how we deal our day-to-day lives. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  Lesson PHILOSOPHICAL QUESTIONS 4 WHAT’S IN In Lesson 3, we have discussed the misconceptions of “Pilosopo”. We have learned that a true Philosopher is someone who is in search for deep knowledge and can be sometimes be called crazy. WHAT IS IT A. What Makes A Question Philosophical? Note the progression from the particular personal questions towards the philosophical questions raised by Arielle. Here, we can see that philosophical questions move beyond specific concerns. That is, they are more and more abstracted from our everyday concerns. But the example of Arielle’s questioning above shows that before one gets to the philosophical questions, one begins with a problem that seem to be readily answered. Arielle’s case shows us that everyday we get visited by moments of unease because of questions that ask us to take some time to reflect. However, the invitation to think philosophically is easily shrugged off because of the inconvenience that the unease brings on us. Doing philosophy makes you crave more wisdom. When we do take the time to think about these questions, people around us say that we are “wasting time” because we need commitment of openness and effort in seeking for answers. This distinguishes a genuine philosopher. Someone who thinks questions philosophically. B. Personal Questions Vs. Philosophical Questions Philosophical questions make you ponder on things out of the ordinary. It beings with an unease. This feeling of inner discomfort comes from the experience of not being able to find immediate answers to our questions. When we bravely and patiently wait for answers to these questions, we might find our questions giving birth to more questions. In the other hand, personal questions are shallow questions that does not need a quest to find answers. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  WHAT’S MORE Activity 4.1: Identification Directions: Distinguish a personal and a philosophical question. Write PER if the question is personal and PHI if the question is philosophical. Write your answers in any clean sheet of paper and label it as Activity 4.1: Identification. 1. What is the square root of 64? 2. What days of the week does the garbage collector go to the village? 3. What happens after death? 4. Is it right to impose a dress code to students in SHS? 5. What makes an action moral? 6. What is matter? 7. What is the lifecycle of a butterfly? 8. What is the meaning of life? 9. Are you lying? 10. What is truth? WHAT I HAVE LEARNED Because the questions of philosophy have no ready answers for us, we commonly view the act of philosophizing as useless. It appears to be useless because it does not give us anything, at least immediately. Our modern world has been so designed to have an instant answer for everything so that we hardly move beyond practical everyday concerns. You can be only a philosopher if you have the courage to be open and committed enough to pursue the questions, no matter how painful or overwhelming it may be. There is no immediate guarantee that your questions will be answered, which is completely opposite of our world of instant gratification. In this world, if the process of questioning does not immediately satisfy us with favorable results, that process is simply deemed as useless. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  ASSESSMENT Posttest. Identification Directions: Answer the following questions in any clean sheet of paper. Label it as Posttest. 1. Which branch of philosophy deals with arguments? 2. Which branch of philosophy evaluates human actions? 3. What Filipino value puts one in touch with one’s fellow beings and is essentially interpersonal? 4. Etymologically, what does philosopher mean? SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT I. WRITTEN TEST: CREATIVE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE TEST ITEM LEARNING COMPETENCY: 1. Distinguish a holistic perspective from a partial point of view; and 2. Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life. Poetry Analysis Directions: 1. Imagine what an Elephant look like. How would you describe the different parts of the Elephant? 2. Read the poem by John Godfrey Saxe’s, a classic Indian legend, entitled Six Blind men and the Elephant and answer the questions that follow. SIX BLIND MEN AND THE ELEPHANT John Godfrey Saxe I. IT was six men of Indostan To learning much inclined, Who went to see the Elephant (Though all of them were blind), WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 That each by observation Might satisfy his mind. II. The First approached the Elephant, And happening to fall Against his broad and sturdy side, At once began to bawl: "God bless me!—but the Elephant Is very like a wall!" III. The Second, feeling of the tusk, Cried: "Ho!—what have we here So very round and smooth and sharp? To me 't is mighty clear This wonder of an Elephant Is very like a spear!" IV. The Third approached the animal, And happening to take The squirming trunk within his hands, Thus boldly up and spake: "I see," quoth he, "the Elephant Is very like a snake!" V. The Fourth reached out his eager hand, And felt about the knee. "What most this wondrous beast is like Is mighty plain," quoth he; "'T is clear enough the Elephant Is very like a tree!" VI. The Fifth, who chanced to touch the ear, Said: "E'en the blindest man WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 Can tell what this resembles most; Deny the fact who can, This marvel of an Elephant Is very like a fan!" VII. The Sixth no sooner had begun About the beast to grope, Than, seizing on the swinging tail That fell within his scope, "I see," quoth he, "the Elephant Is very like a rope!" VIII. And so these men of Indostan Disputed loud and long, Each in his own opinion Exceeding stiff and strong, Though each was partly in the right, And all were in the wrong! MORAL. So, oft in theologic wars The disputants, I ween, Rail on in utter ignorance Of what each other mean, And prate about an Elephant Not one of them has seen! Source: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_poems_of_John_Godfrey_Saxe/The_Blind_Men_ and_the_Elephant QUESTION AND CREATIVE WRITTEN OUTPUT: Answer the following question below in 5 to 8 sentences. 1. Did anyone among the blind men give the correct answer? Why or why not? WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 SAMPLE PROMPTS/OUTLINE 1. In the context of the elephant story, think of a situation that will distinguish the holistic perspective and partial point of view in obtaining a broad perspective on life. 2. Give 5 realization of doing philosophy as pointed out by the poet John Godfrey Saxe. STUDENT’S WRITTEN OUTPUT: _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________. CREATIVE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE HOLISTIC RUBRIC RATING DESCRIPTION 4 The learner shows a complete understanding and was able to clearly explain the rule of reciprocity as a function of economic institutions in real world scenario. 3 The learner shows understanding and was able to explain the rule of reciprocity as a function of economic institutions in real world scenario. 2 The learner made a minor mistake, shows understanding and somehow explain the rule of reciprocity as a function of economic institutions in real world scenario. 1 The learner shows partial understanding and somehow able to show understanding on the rule of reciprocity as a function of economic institutions in real world scenario. WRITTEN WORK RUBRICS Traits 4 3 2 1 Focus & There is one clear, There is one clear, There is one topic. The topic and main Details well-focused topic. well-focused topic. Main ideas are ideas are not clear. Main ideas are clear Main ideas are clear somewhat clear. and are well but are not well supported by supported by detailed and detailed information. accurate information. Organization The introduction is The introduction The introduction There is no clear inviting, states the states the main topic states the main topic. introduction, main topic, and and provides an A conclusion is structure, or provides an overview of the included. conclusion. overview of the paper. A conclusion paper. Information is is included. relevant and presented in a WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  logical order. The conclusion is strong. Voice The author’s The author’s The author’s The author’s purpose of writing is purpose of writing is purpose of writing is purpose of writing is very clear, and there clear, and there is somewhat clear, unclear. is strong evidence of some evidence of and there is attention to attention to evidence of audience. The audience. The attention to author’s extensive author’s knowledge audience. The knowledge and/or and/or experience author’s knowledge experience with the with the topic is/are and/or experience topic is/are evident. evident. with the topic is/are limited. Word The author uses The author uses The author uses The writer uses a Choice vivid words and vivid words and words that limited vocabulary. phrases. The choice phrases. The choice communicate clearly, Jargon or clichés and placement of and placement of but the writing lacks may be present and words seems words is inaccurate variety. detract from the accurate, natural, at times and/or meaning. and not forced. seems overdone. Sentence All sentences are Most sentences are Most sentences are Sentences sound Structure, well constructed and well constructed and well constructed, but have varied structure have varied they have a similar awkward, are Grammar, Mechanics, and length. The structure and length. structure and/or distractingly & author makes no The author makes a length. The author repetitive, Spelling errors in grammar, few errors in makes several errors mechanics, and/or grammar, in grammar, or are difficult to spelling. mechanics, and/or mechanics, and/or understand. The spelling, but they do spelling that interfere author makes not interfere with with understanding. numerous errors in understanding. grammar, mechanics, and/or spelling that interfere with understanding. II. PERFORMANCE TASK Most Essential Learning Competency: Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation from a holistic perspective. PERFORMANCE STANDARD: Evaluate the factors causing social inequalities WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 The Story of Arielle Arielle looks at her reflection in the mirror for the fourth time this morning. She was running late for school, but she could not quite decide on what to wear for the day. She finally decides on this plain white shirt and jeans, looks at it on her with a sigh of resignation, then runs off downstairs where her mother has been yelling about the time. In the car on the way to school, she starts muttering to herself. “All this trouble of having to choose what to wear to school everyday. Why does it have to be so difficult? Why can’t I just wear anything I grab from my closet?” After she calms down, she moves into a more pensive mode. She begins to ask, “Why should my clothes or the way I look matter to others anyway? If I think about what others would say, does that mean I am not free to choose whatever I want? Does this mean that I am not really free?” Arielle’s dad pulls over in front of her school. She says goodbye and walks to her classroom. She continues with her questions. “So if living in society means that I am not really free, does this mean that I will only be free when I live alone? Like live in a desert or in Mars? But what good would that do? If I live alone, I may be free to do what I want, but would that be a happy life? Is having the freedom to do what one pleases the opposite of having a happy life. What is freedom, really? What is a happy life??” She enters her classroom, sets down her bag and shrugs off the question. She goes to her “barkada” who were squatting in a corner of the room, aimlessly chatting about their weekend. SITUATION: You are a writer and you want to write your first book about Philosophy. In order to do that, you have to create a pamphlet containing one Philosophical Question you are dying to find an answer. Tell how you came up with that Philosophical Question. GOAL: To write Philosophical questions and formulate answers. STANDARDS: A writer / an author. WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 ROLE: A writer / an author. PRODUCT: Pamphlet AUDIENCE: Readers of all ages STANDARDS: The pamphlet will be based on the accuracy of the content, organization of ideas, and conclusions, sources and grammar, sentence structure, creativity and design. PERFORMANCE TASK RUBRICS Make a Pamphlet 4 3 2 1 OUTSTANDIN CRITERIA SATISFACTORY DEVELOPING BEGINNING RATING G The topic of the The topic of the The topic of the The topic of the infographic is infographic is infographic is a infographic is specific in intended to little broad to unclear or Topic nature and is inform the allow the lacking. intended to viewers. viewer to inform the understand the viewers. main points. All supportive Almost all Some Most facts and supportive facts supportive facts supportive facts Accuracy of statistics are and statistics and statistics and statistics the Content reported are reported are reported are reported accurately. accurately. accurately. inaccurately. All graphs and Most of the Some of the No graphs or charts used are graphs and graphs and charts are very relevant charts used are charts used are included or and relevant and somehow none of the Graphs and appropriate for appropriate for relevant. Some graphs or Charts the data the data may not be charts are displayed. displayed. appropriate for appropriate for the data the data displayed. displayed. All sources All sources Most of the Many sources Sources used for facts used for facts sources used used for facts are credible are credible for facts are are less than WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  and cited and most are credible and credible and correctly. cited correctly. most are cited most are not correctly. cited correctly. Additional Additional Additional No additional elements such elements are elements are elements are as pictures or used but do not included but used. Creativity maps are enhance the are not relevant incorporated to infographic. to the topic of enhance the the infographic. infographic. Total: Answer Key WHAT I KNOW (Pretest): 1. D. Greek 2. B. Love of wisdom 3. C. to have a strong desire for a particular thing. 4. C. Philosopher 5. C. Curiosity 6. A. All things that exists 7. C. it involves inquiry and investigation. 8. A. A philosopher uses unaided reasoning. 9. D. None from the choices. 10. C. Ethics Activity 1.1 – answers may vary Activity 1.2 – answers may vary Activity 2.1 – answers may vary Activity 3.1 – answers may vary WHAT’S MORE (ACTIVITY 4.1) PER 1. What is the square root of 64? PER 2. What days of the week does the garbage collector go to the village? PHI 3. What happens after death? PHI 4. Is it right to impose a dress code to students in SHS? PHI 5. What makes an action moral? PER 6. What is matter? PER 7. What is the lifecycle of a butterfly? PHI 8. What is the meaning of life? PER 9. Are you lying? PHI 10. What is truth? WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12 Post test 1. LOGIC 2. ETHICS 3. KALOOBAN 4. LOVER OF WISDOM 5. – 7. SOCRATES, PLATO, ARISTOTLE 8. – 10. What is the difference between a personal question and a philosophical question? Philosophical questions makes you ponder on things out of the ordinary. It beings with an unease. This feeling of inner discomfort comes from the experience of not being able to find immediate answers to our questions. When we bravely and patiently wait for answers to these questions, we might find our questions giving birth to more questions. In the other hand, personal questions are shallow questions that does not need a quest to find answers. References: Books Corpuz, Brenda B., et.al. Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person. Manila. Lori Mar Productions Ramos, Christine Carmela R. 2016. Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person. Manila. Rex Bookstore WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12  For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education – Schools Division of Laoag City Curriculum Implementation Division Brgy. 23 San Matias, Laoag City, 2900 Contact Number: (077)-771-3678 Email Address: [email protected] WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module Intro to Philosophy 11/12