Introduction to HCI Lec 1.pptx

INTRODUCTION TO HCI LECTURE 1 1 DEFINITION Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them. 2 WHAT IS HCI/INTERACTION DESIGN With the except...

INTRODUCTION TO HCI LECTURE 1 1 DEFINITION Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them. 2 WHAT IS HCI/INTERACTION DESIGN With the exception of some embedded software and operating system code, the success of a software product is determined by the humans who use the product. A user centered design process, is experienced in many group design projects, provides a professional resource to creating software with functionality that users need. 3 CONTD. However, the availability of technical functionality does not guarantee that software will be practically usable. Software that is usable for its purpose is sometimes described by programmers as “intuitive” (easy to learn, easy to remember, easy to apply to new problems) or “powerful” (efficient, effective). 4 CONTD. These terms are vague and unscientific, but they point in the right direction. HCI helps us to understand why some software products are good and other software is bad. But sadly it is not a guaranteed formula for creating a successful product. In this sense it is like architecture or product design. 5 CONTD. Architects and product designers need a thorough technical grasp of the materials they work with, but the success of their work depends on the creative application of this technical knowledge. 6 CONTD. This creativity is a craft skill that is normally learned by working with a master designer in a studio, or from case studies of successful designs. A computer science course can provide the essential elements: an understanding of the user’s needs, and an understanding of potential solutions. 7 CONTD. There are many different approaches to the study and design of user interfaces. These approaches require a wide range of academic styles. In professional work, the most important attributes for HCI experts are to be both creative and practical, placing design at the center of the field. 8 DISCIPLINES CONTRIBUTING TO HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION 9 IS HCI REALLY IMPORTANT? 10 A REAL LIFE EXAMPLE Example about: Health and safety concerns If the video doesn’t record a TV program because we pressed the wrong button, we are likely to feel angry. A real example: a pilot shuts down the wrong engine and the plane crashes (as happened near Leicestershire, in England on the M1 motorway in 1989), this is obviously more serious. 47 died 11 CONTD. Example about: direct correlation between HCI and sales NYNEX: a telecommunication company in Italy Purpose: to increase the performance of helpdesk office Decided to improve the usability of the helpdesk operator interface Reduced the process time 1 second per call Result: $ 3,000,000 benefit / year 12 THE IMPORTANCE OF HCI Can Preventing accidents Health and safety concerns Can reduce the cost of customer training and support Direct correlation between HCI and sales HCI can provide you a job. 13 TIME TO THINK! What is the percentage of software development projects that fails? A. 20% B. 35% C. 55% D. 85% 14 CONTD. Fact “: 85% of Software projects are either late or delivered without satisfying the specification.” But WHY? 15 REASONS FOR FAILURES Projects in general fail for various reasons: lack of senior management commitment lack of user involvement lack of user requirements specifications poor project planning and team problems 16 TRADITIONAL APPROACHES TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT Is concerned with producing software, software specification, maintainability, and testing Generally considers the interface to be just another software component. 17 EXAMPLE OF TRADITIONAL APPROACH 18 INTRODUCTION TO USER CENTERED APPROACH This approach normally involves a number of key activities throughout the development of the software including: Involving users Obtaining their feedback on the design Providing prototypes for system evaluation and re-design in light of user feedback and comments. 19 USER CENTERED APPROACH Real users involved at each step of the process Find out about the users before requirement specification Design and implementation Review (usability test) with the users 20 USER CENTERED DEVELOPMENT Data Collection Data Analysis Prototyping Design Evaluation 21 DATA COLLECTION Data recording Using media Interviews Stakeholder interviews Subject Matter Expert interviews User and customer interviews Questionnaires Surveys, product reviews Literature review Studying existing systems 22 DATA ANALYSIS Requirement analysis Formal specifications of the system User analysis Identifying and understanding the user Task analysis Steps user take to accomplish this task Functional analysis Functions that system perform to help the users carry out their task 23 PROTOTYPING Advantages of Prototyping: Users are actively involved in the development It provides a better system to users The users get a better understanding of the system being developed. Errors can be detected much earlier Quicker user feedback is available leading to better solutions 24 DESIGN Goals Achieving goals Users and systems Understanding the raw materials: computer and human Limitations Accepting limitations of humans and of design 25 EVALUATION Testing the usability, functionality and acceptability of an interactive system Expert evaluation Evaluation by Subject Matter Experts User evaluation Evaluation by user or customer 26 DESIGNER VS. USERS 27 DESIGNER VS. USERS 28 EXAMPLES 29 CONTD. 30 CONTD. 31 CONTD. 32 CONTD. 33 CONTD. 34 CONTD. 35 CONTD. 36 CONTD. 37 Thanks 38